• 제목/요약/키워드: hypothesis

검색결과 6,339건 처리시간 0.037초

Spatial Information Processing between Hippocampus and Prefrontal cortex: a Hypothesis Based on Anatomy and Physiology

  • Jung, Min-Whan
    • Animal cells and systems
    • /
    • 제2권1호
    • /
    • pp.65-69
    • /
    • 1998
  • The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are regarded as the highest-order association cortices. The hippocampus has been proposed to store "cognitive maps" of external environments, and the prefrontal cortex is known to be involved in the planning of behavior, among other functions. Considering the prominent functional roles played by these structures, it is not surprising to find direct monosynaptic projections from the hippocampus to the prefrontal cortex. Rhythmic stimulation of this projection patterned after the hippocampal EEG theta rhythm induced stable long-term potentiation of field potentials in the prefrontal cortex. Comparison of behavioral correlates of hippocampal and prefrontal cortical neurons during an a-arm radial maze, working memory task shows a striking contrast. Hippocampal neurons exhibit clear place-specific firing patterns, whereas prefrontal cortical neurons do not show spatial selectivity, but are correlated to different stages of the behavioral task. These data lead to the hypothesis that the role of hippocampal projection to the prefrontal cortex is not to impose spatial representations upon prefrontal activity, but to provide a mechanism for learning the spatial context in which particular behaviors are appropriate.propriate.

  • PDF

Perspectives on a Critical Period for Language Acquisition: Implications for language research and practice

  • Lim, Ja-Yeon
    • 인문언어
    • /
    • 제7집
    • /
    • pp.335-353
    • /
    • 2005
  • In recent years there has been much discussion about whether there is a critical, or sensitive period for language acquisition. Research on a critical period provides an excellent example around which we can organize a discussion of the behavioral and neural evidence. In this paper, the early history of critical periods and evidence for the existence of critical periods in various domains of human cognition and learning are reviewed. Followed by this overview, evidence for a critical period in both linguistic and non linguistic area are presented. The paper then provides some unresolved questions regarding a critical period in language acquisition and states what the outcome of this issues mean for an understanding of language acquisition. Finally the paper concludes with some educational implications of a critical period for practice.

  • PDF

열충격이 작용하는 취성구조의 신뢰성 평가 (Reliability evaluation of brittle structures under thermal shocks)

  • 이치우;장건익;김종태
    • 한국해양공학회지
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.58-64
    • /
    • 1998
  • An analysis method for the reliability of ceramic structures subjected to thermal shocks is presented. Flaws with the size of given probability distribution function are assumed to be distributed at random with a certain density per unit volume in the structures. Criterions for crack instability are derived for brittle solids under general thermal stresses. A probabilistic failure model is presented to study the probability of crack instability for brittle solids containing cracks with uncertain size. The reliabilities of brittle structures are evaluated based on the weakest-link hypothesis, which states that a structure fails when the cracks in any differential volume become unstable. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.

  • PDF

기하학적 방법을 이용한 초기 박판형상 추정 (Prediction of Initial Blank Shape by Using Geometrical Method)

  • 정동원;이상제
    • 한국해양공학회지
    • /
    • 제13권3호통권33호
    • /
    • pp.12-20
    • /
    • 1999
  • In this paper, method for mapping a three-dimensional shape into the two-dimensional plane will be introduced. This method is referred to geometric modelling and means a transformation between the flat sheet and final surface. The initial blank shape represents the original configuration of the final shape formed into three dimensional surface. The initial constant constant area mapping hypothesis was used in this paper. This technique will be applied to the basic data for an interactive computer design capable of dealing with typical stamping process, including deep parts and complex shapes.

  • PDF

소집단 학습을 통한 수학과 학습부진아 지도방안 연구 (A Study on Teaching Method for the Underachievers through Small Groups′ Learning in Mathematics)

  • 성열욱;신경순
    • 한국학교수학회논문집
    • /
    • 제4권2호
    • /
    • pp.125-134
    • /
    • 2001
  • It is necessary that at any rate we try to decrease underachievers by learning deficiency in mathematics to extreme limits under circumstances that mathematics becomes more requisite daily in the 21st century's informative society. However, the traditional teaching method causes a lot of problems in elevating the needed ability for the newly changing society. Accordingly, for the purpose of letting underachievers by learning deficiency have much interest in mathematics, seek the qualitative elevation, have the feelings of self-confidence and accomplishments, escape from desperation, and also teachers choose the activities of small groups, design teaching plans, apply those to teaching-learning activities and finally verify the effect, this researcher sets up a hypothesis as follows: 1. The teaching method through small groups will be effective for the accomplishments of underachievers in mathematics. 2. Its method will bring out the meaningful change in the emotional areas of mathematics. Therefore, so as to prove the above hypothesis, the results through the theoretical approach and practicing teaming by small groups have turned out to be positive.

  • PDF