• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.103-106
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• 2023

Post-acute coronavirus disease (COVID-19) syndrome is defined as persistent symptoms or delayed complications after COVID-19. Several cases of cranial nerve invasion related to COVID-19 have been reported. However, to our knowledge, no cases of solitary unilateral hypoglossal nerve paralysis after mild COVID-19 without intubation have been reported to date. Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old man with unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy as a complication of COVID-19. He complained of dysarthria and tongue discomfort 2 weeks after COVID-19 onset. Brain and neck computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and blood tests ruled out other possible causes. The patient's nerve palsy was rapidly diagnosed and improved with early rehabilitation. Understanding of the pathology of COVID-19 is still limited. Physicians should focus on patients' symptoms and their relationship to COVID-19, and investigate complications immediately. This case highlights the importance of early detection and rehabilitation of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2004

Arthroscopic surgery of the shoulder is regarded as a convenient and safe approach, but there is a possibility of complication during procedure. We report an isolated unilateral hypoglossal neurapraxia following combined arthroscopic and open Bankart reconstruction performed in beach-chair position under general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2007

Hypoglossal neurilemmoma is extremely rare. Intracranial hypoglossal neurilemmoma has been reported to the present most commonly as a space-occupying lesion with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. A 68-year-old women presented with deviation of the tongue to the left on protrusion. Preoperative radiological images revealed an extra-axial mass in and around the hypoglossal canal. The tumor was totally resected via retrosigmoid suboccipital approach with burrhole craniectomy. Histopathological examination verified a neurilemmoma. She had no neurologic abnormality except hypoglossal palsy which recovered completely in six months. Retrosigmoid suboccipital approach with burrhole craniectomy can be an useful approach in intracranial hypoglossal neurilemmoma without extracranial extension or with minimal extracranial extension into the hypoglossal canal.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2012

Objective : This study was performed to determine the anatomical landmarks and optimal dissection points of the facial nerve (FN) and the hypoglossal nerve (HGN) in the submandibular region to provide guidance for hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis (HFNA). Methods : Twenty-nine specimens were obtained from 15 formalin-fixed adult cadavers. Distances were measured based on the mastoid process tip (MPT), common carotid artery bifurcation (CCAB), and the digastric muscle posterior belly (DMPB). Results : The shortest distance from the MPT to the stylomastoid foramen was $14.1{\pm}2.9$ mm. The distance from the MPT to the FN origin was $8.6{\pm}2.8$ mm anteriorly and $5.9{\pm}2.8$ mm superiorly. The distance from the CCAB to the crossing point of the HGN and the internal carotid artery was $18.5{\pm}6.7$ mm, and that to the crossing point of the HGN and the external carotid artery was $15.1{\pm}5.7$ mm. The distance from the CCAB to the HGN bifurcation was $26.6{\pm}7.5$ mm. The distance from the digastric groove to the HGN, which was found under the DMPB, was about $35.8{\pm}5.7$ mm. The distance from the digastric groove to the HGN, which was found under the DMPB, corresponded to about 65.5% of the whole length of the DMPB. Conclusion : This study provides useful information regarding the morphometric anatomy of the submandibular region, and the presented morphological data on the nerves and surrounding structures will aid in understanding the anatomical structures more accurately to prevent complications of HFNA.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제39권
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• pp.27.1-27.5
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• 2017

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is estimated to be 1-5% of the adult population world-wide, and in Korea, it is reported at 4.5% of men and 3.2% of women (Age 40 to 69 years old). Active treatment of OSA is associated with decrease in insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, psychosocial problems, and mortality. Surgical treatment of OSA has evolved in the era of neuromodulation with the advent of hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS). We share this review of HGNS with our maxillofacial surgical colleagues to expand the scope of surgical care for OSA.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.396-398
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• 2008

Although the incidence of unilateral abducens nerve palsy has been reported to be as high as 1% to 2.7% of head trauma cases, bilateral abducens nerve palsy following trauma is extremely rare. In this report, we present the case of a patient who developed a bilateral abducens nerve palsy and hypoglossal nerve palsy 3 days after suffering head trauma. He had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 15 points. Computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated clivus epidural hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage on the basal cistern. Herein, we discuss the possible mechanisms of these nerve palsies and its management.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1541-1552
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• 2013

부교감신경 또는 교감신경섬유가 흰쥐 혀 미각샘의 구조와 분비기능에 미치는 영향을 조사할 목적으로 성체 흰쥐의 양쪽 혀인두신경 또는 혀밑신경을 절단한 후 혀 미각샘의 형태학적 변화를 3일부터 21일까지 관찰하였고, PSA, UEA I, GSL I $B_4$, ECL, DBA, SBA, HPA, SJA 및 sWGA의 9가지 렉틴을 이용한 렉틴조직화학을 실시하여 미각샘의 복합당질의 특성과 분비양상을 비교하였다. 혀인두신경을 절단한 혀 미각샘은 3일군부터 장액샘꽈리에서 세포질 공포가 나타났으며 10일군에서는 공포가 매우 커지고 미각샘의 구조가 급격히 퇴화되었다. 반면, 혀밑 신경을 절단한 혀 미각샘의 구조는 대조군에 비하여 형태학적 변화를 보이지 않았다. 렉틴조직화학의 결과 대조군에서 혀 미각샘은 ${\alpha}$-D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 및 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine oligomer 성분의 복합당질을 합성하였고, 혀인두신경을 절단한 10일군부터 그 양은 급격히 감소하였다. 그러나, 혀밑신경을 절단한 혀미각샘의 복합당질 양상은 21일군까지 대조군과 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과들은 부교감신경섬유를 포함한 혀인두신경이 흰쥐 혀 미각샘의 구조 유지와 분비기능에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 제시한다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.25-27
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• 2016

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.423-425
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• 2013

We present a case report to remind surgeons of this unusual complication that can occur in any surgery, even posterior cervical spine surgery under general anesthesia and discuss its causes, treatment methods, and the follow-up results in the literature. The peripheral Tapia's syndrome is a rare complication of anesthetic airway management. Main symptoms are hoarseness of voice and difficulty of tongue movement. Tapia's syndrome after endotracheal general anesthesia is believed to be due to pressure neuropathy of the vagus nerve and the hypoglossal nerve caused by the endotracheal tube. To our knowledge, no report has been published or given an explanation for Tapia's syndrome after posterior cervical spine surgery. Two patients who underwent posterior cervical surgery complained hoarseness and tongue palsy postoperatively. There is no direct anatomical relation between the operation, the vagus nerves and the hypoglossal nerves, and there is no record of displacement or malposition of the endotracheal tube. After several months, all symptoms are resolved. To avoid this problem in posterior cervical spine surgery, we suggest paying special attention to the position of the endotracheal tube to avoid excessive neck flexion before and during the positioning of the patient.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2003

Introduction : Laryngomicrosurgery(LMS) is frequent procedure applying to benign and early malignant larygeal disease such as vocal cord polyp, nodule and early glottic cancer. LMS has been known as safe procedure and short time consuming treatment. So few reports about complications in LMS was done. In this study, complications and problems from LMS were investigated and reported. Method : From 2000, January to 2001, December, 180 patients who were treated with LMS in Asan medical center were studied by retrograde chart review. Results : In these patients, total 9 patients(5%) were suffered from complication. 4 patients (2%) had teeth injury and 4(2%) were suffered from foreign body sensation in tongue and 1(1%) had hypoglossal nerve injury. Main mechanism of complications is thought by pressure injury by laryngoscope blade. No definite correlation between procedure and complication was observed. Conclusion : There are few neural complications with LMS such as lingual and hypoglossal nerve injury. Before operation of LMS, warning and informing of complications by mechanical stress must be done. Gentle procedure and short operation time are necessary to avoid these problems. And patients who have risk factors of oral complications such as dental disease or dental prosthesis must have dental evaluation and treatment before LMS procedure.