• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.195-216
• /
• 2008

This paper presents a new hypoelasticity model which was implemented in a nonlinear finite element formulation to analyze reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The model includes a new hypoelasticity constitutive relationship utilizing the rotation of material axis through successive iterations. The model can account for high nonlinearity of the stress-strain behavior of the concrete in the pre-peak regime, the softening behavior of the concrete in the post-peak regime and the irrecoverable volume dilatation at high levels of compressive load. This research introduces the modified version of the common application orthotropic stress-strain relation developed by Darwin and Pecknold. It is endeavored not to violate the principal of "simplicity" by improvement of the "capability" The results of analyses of experimental reinforced concrete walls are presented to confirm the abilities of the proposed relationships.

• KCI Concrete Journal
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2001

Based on the orthotropic hypoelasticity formulation, a constitutive material model of concrete taking account of triaxial stress state is presented. In this model, the ultimate strength surface of concrete in triaxial stress space is described by the Hsieh's four-parameter surface. On the other hand, the different ultimate strength surface of concrete in strain space is proposed in order to account for increasing ductility in high confinement pressure. Compressive ascending and descending behavior of concrete is considered. Concrete cracking behavior is considered as a smeared crack model, and after cracking, the tensile strain-softening behavior and the shear mechanism of cracked concrete are considered. The proposed constitutive model of concrete is compared with some results obtained from tests under the states of uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stresses. In triaxial compressive tests, the peak compressive stress from the predicted results agrees well with the experimental results, and ductility response under high confining pressure matches well the experimental result. The reinforcing bars embedded in concrete are considered as an isoparametric line element which could be easily incorporated into the isoparametric solid element of concrete, and the average stress - average strain relationship of the bar embedded in concrete is considered. From numerical examples for a reinforced concrete simple beam and a structural beam type member, the stress state of concrete in the vicinity of talc critical region is investigated.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
• /
• pp.738-741
• /
• 2004

This study is concerning on modeling to predict the flexural behaviors of FRP-confined concrete structural members. For compressive behaviors of confined concrete by FRP jackets, the hypoelasticity-based constitutive law of concrete has been presented under the basis of three-dimensional stress states. The strength enhancement of concrete wrapped by FRP jackets has been determined by the failure surface of concrete in tri-axial states, and its corresponding peak strain is computed by the strain enhancement factor. The behavior of FRP jackets has been modeled using the mechanics of orthotropic laminated composite materials in two-dimensional stress states. To be based on the three-dimensional constitutive laws, an algorithm for the prediction of flexural bending behaviors of FRP-confined concrete structural member has been presented.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제25권12호
• /
• pp.1933-1943
• /
• 2001

A micromechanical model is presented for superplasticity in which heterogeneous microstructures are coupled with deformation behavior. The effects of initial distributions of grain size, and their evolutions on the mechanical properties can be predicted by the model. Alternative stress rate models such as Jaumann rate and rotation incremental rate have been employed to analyze uniaxial loading and simple shear problems and the appropriate modeling was studied on the basis of hypoelasticity and elasto-viscoplasticity. The model has been implemented into finite element software so that full process simulation can be carried out. Tests have been conducted on Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the microstructural features such as grain size, distributions of grain size, and volume fraction of each phase were examined for the materials that were tested at different strain rates. The experimentally observed stress-strain behavior on a range of initial grain size distributions has been shown to be correctly predicted. In addition, the effect of volume fraction of the phases and concurrent grain growth were analyzed. The dependence of failure strain on strain rate has been explained in terms of the change in mechanism of grain growth that occurs with changing strain rate.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.313-328
• /
• 2002

Based on the orthotropic hypoelasticity formulation, a triaxial constitutive model of concrete is proposed. To account for increasing ductility in high confinement of concrete, the ductility enhancement is considered using so called the strain enhancement factor. It is also developed a three-dimensional finite element model for reinforced concrete structural members based on the proposed constitutive law of concrete with the smeared crack approach. The concrete confinement effects due to the beam-column joint are investigated through numerical examples for simple beam and structural beam member. Concrete at compression fibers in the vicinity of beam-column joint behaves dominant not only by the uniaxial compressive state but also by the biaxial and triaxial compressive states. For the reason of the severe confinement of concrete in the beam-column joint, the flexural critical cross-section is observed at a small distance away from the beam-column joint. These observations should be utilized for the economic design when the concrete structural members are subjected to high confinement due to the influence of beam-column joint.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.277-286
• /
• 2003

미소변형에서 대변형에 이르는 전변형도 영역의 거동을 모델하기 위하여 비등방 경화규칙과 전응력개념에 의거한 구성관계를 이용하였다. 이러한 구성관계는 ABAQUS 코드에 구현되었으며 대변형해석시 정확도와 수렴속도를 확보하도록 하였다. 이 정식화는 Jaumann 응력속도에 의거한 유한 변형도 소성론, 내재적 응력적분, 일관된 접선계수를 포함한다. ABAQUS를 이용한 대변형해석을 통하여 알고리즘의 정확도 및 수렴도 해석을 할 수 있었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.501-509
• /
• 2004

제안된 모델은 FRP 구속 콘크리트에 대한 압축거동 예측을 위한 것이다. FRP로 구속된 콘크리트의 모델링을 위하여, 3축 응력상태의 콘크리트 아탄성 구성관계를 제시하였다. FRP 구속에 따른 콘크리트 강도 증진은 3축 응력공간의 파괴기준에 따라 결정되며, 이에 대응하는 최대 압축변형률은 본 연구에서 제안된 변형률 증진계수로부터 결정된다. 따라서, 기존의 모델들이 하중단계에 관계없이 구속조건이 초기부터 파괴까지 일정하게 고려되는 반면에, 제안된 모델은 FRP로 구속된 콘크리트의 구속현상을 하중단계에 의존적인 비선형 관계로 제시하였다. FRP 층은 2차원의 적층된 복합재료의 해석에 기초하여 모델링되었다. 개발된 해석모델은 증분법에 의한 압축거동실험에 대한 해석을 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. FRP로 구속된 콘크리트 실린더의 대한 여러 연구자들의 실험 결과와 본 예측모델을 비교한 결과, 제안된 모델은 축방향 변형 뿐만 아니라 횡방향 변형을 포함하여 FRP 층으로 인한 콘크리트의 구속효과의 증진에 관한 거동 특성들을 잘 예측해 주었다.