• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.399-410
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects according to the concentration(o, 30, 60 and $120{\mu}g/350{\sim}400g$: saline group, I-group, II-group and III-group) of Labiatae Herba Prunellae Acua-acupuncture on the bilateral loci Taechung(LR3) in hyperthyroidism rats induced by sodium triiodothyronine injection, triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), thyroid- stimulating hormone(TSH) and total cholesterol were observed. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The increases of the serum T3 were inhibited significantly by II-group and III-group compared with the control group. 2. The decreases of the serum T4 were inhibited significantly by I-group, II-group and III-group compared with the control group. The I-group and II-group compared with the saline group is significantly different. 3. The decreases of the serum TSH were inhibited significantly by II-group and III-group compared with the control group. The II-group compared with the saline group is significantly different. 4. The decreases of the serum total cholesterol were inhibited significantly by I-group, II-group and III-group compared with the control group. The II-group and III-group compared with the saline group is significantly different.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2006

1. Objectives The purpose of this case is to report that a Soyangin Heat sensation in the chest patient Diagnosed as Hyperthyroidism was treated with 'Yangkyuksanhwa-tang' and Antithyroid drugs in conjunction and then her symptom and thyroid function test results improved. 2. Methods We diagnosed her Hypetthyroidism on Soyangin Syndrome. So we treated her with 'Yangkyuksanhwa-tang' and Antithyroid drugs in combination. 3. Results This patient's symptom and thyroid function test results were improved 4. Conclusions By a combined treatment on a Soyangin Heat sensation in the chest patient Diagnosed as Hypetthyroidism, her symptom and thyroid function test results were improved. This case study showed an efficient results by giving Yangkyuksanhwa-tang in treatment of Soyangin Heat sensation in the chest patient.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.40-43
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• 2021

Enuresis is intermittent urinary incontinence during sleep at night in children aged 5 years or older. The main pathophysiology of enuresis involves nocturnal polyuria, abnormal sleep arousal, and low functional bladder capacity. In rare cases, enuresis is an early symptom of endocrine disorders such as diabetes or thyroid disorders. Herein, we report a case of a 12-year-old girl with enuresis as a rare initial presentation of Graves' disease. She complained of nocturnal enuresis from a month before visiting our clinic. She also complained of urinary frequency, headache, and weight loss. On physical examination, she had tachycardia, intention tremors, and a diffuse goiter on her anterior neck with bruit on auscultation. Her thyroid function test results revealed hyperthyroidism, and Graves' disease was diagnosed as the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor autoantibody was positive. After treatment for Graves' disease with methimazole, symptoms of enuresis resolved within 2 weeks as she became clinically and biochemically euthyroid. In children with secondary enuresis, Graves' disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis, and signs of hyperthyroidism should be checked for carefully.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1981

In an attempt to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the serum thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) in various thyroid disease states, the authors measured serum $T_3$ uptake, $T_3$, total $T_4\;free\;T_4$, TSH and TBG by radioimmunoassay technique, and calculated the free $T_4$ index$(FT_4I)$ and $T_4/TBG$ ratio in 10 cases of normal subjects, 11 cases of hypothyroidism, 62 cases of euthyroidism and 37 cases of hyperthyroidism. The data were analysed in the aspects of diagnostic significance in each thyroid disease state, and the results were as follows; 1. In 10 cases of normal subjects, serum TBG was $17.4\sim26.8{\mu}g/ml$, $FT_4I$ was $5.1\sim9.7$, and $T_4/TBG$ ratio was $21.9\sim49.9(Mean{\pm}S.D.)$. 2. In 62 cases of euthyroidism with diffuse and nodular goiter, $FT_4I$ was $7.26{\pm}1.82,\;T_4/TBG$ ratio was $31.47{\pm}10.42$, and there were no significant difference from those of normal subjects (p>0.5). 3. In 11 cases of hypothyroidism, the $FT_4I$ was $3.13{\pm}2.15,\;T_4/TBG$ ratio was $11.3{\pm}5.31$, significantly lower than normal controls (p<0.01). 4. In 37 cases of hyperthyroidism, the $FT_4I$ was $30.0{\pm}12.0,\;T_4/TBG$ ratio was $121.4{\pm}62.2$, significantly higher than normal controls (p<0.01). 5. There were significant correlations between the $FT_4I$ and $T_4/TBG$ ratio, total $T_4\;and\;T_4/TBG$ ratio, in each thyroid function states. 6. The $FT_4I$ showed 100% of diagnostic value in hyperthyroidism, 89.2% in euthyroidism, and 80% in hypothyroidism group. The $T_4/TBG$ ratio showed 100% of diagnostic value in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, and 80.6% in euthyroidism group. The above results suggest that $T_4/TBG$ ratio and $FT_4I$ showed same diagnostic value in hyperthyroidism group, but $T_4/TBG$ showed higher diagnostic significance than $FT_4I$ in hypothyroidism.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1981

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of free thyroxine (FT4) by radioimmunoassay, we measured free $T_4\;and\;T_4,\;T_3,\;T_3RU$, TSH and TBG serum levels by radioimmunoassay in 18 healthy persons and 52 patients with various thyroid diseases and 11 normal pregnant women. The results are as follows. 1. In 19 cases of overt hyperthyroidism, $T_3,\;free\;T_4$ and FTI, $T_4/TBG$ ratio reflect hyperfunction in all cases. $T_4$ is increased in 94% (18/19) and TBG and TSH are decreased in 79% (15/19). 2. In 8 patients with overt hypothyroidism, TSH is increased in all cases and free $T_4$ and FTI is decreased in all cases. $T_4$ is decreased in 87.5% (7/8), $T_3$ is decreased in 75% (6/8) and $T_4/TBG$ ratio is decreased in 62.5% (5/8). 3. In 5 patients who are clinically in euthyroid state after treatment of hyperthyroidism, $T_4,\;free\;T_4$, FTI and TSH are in the normal range in all cases and $T_3$ is normal in 60% (3/5) and slightly increased in 40% (2/5). 4. In 10 patients who showed clinically borderline hypothyroidism after treatment of hyperthyroidism, TSH is increased in all cases and free $T_4$ and FTI are decreased in all cases, but $T_4\;and\;T_3,\;T_4/TBG$ ratio are in the normal limit in all cases. So after treatment of hyperthyroidism, TSH, free $T_4$ or FTI are recommended as optimal thyroid function test. 5. In normal pregnancy, free $T_4$, FTI and $T_4/TBG$ ratio reflect normal function, but the other parameters revealed unreliable due to the influence of increased TBG. Also TBG and TSH level in pregnancy is increased significantly compared with normal healthy control group. 6. The coefficients of correlation between free $T_4$ and FTI were 0.862 (p<0.001) and 0.685 (p<0.001) between free $T_4\;and\;T_4/TBG$ ratio. In most patients, diagnostic value of free $T_4$ was comparable and even superior to FTI, so free $T_4$ measurement can be used routinely with thyrotropin assay in the diagnosis of hypothyrodism or with $T_3$ for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.222-228
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• 1990

The development of histomorphometric and histodynamic investigations has permitted the description of a specific and complex osteopathy in hyperthyroidism. The increased bone turnover rate in hyperthyroid patients may be accompanied by a considerable bone loss. These features are associated with both inclosed osteoclastic bone resorption and increased osteoblastric bone formation, with an accelerated calcification rate. Conventional biochemical markers of bone metabolism, i.e. serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline and calcium are normal in most patients with hyperthyroidism. However, the correlation between serum BGP and serum concentration of thyroid hormon suggests that serum BGP may be a sensitive marker of increased bone formation due to the hypersecretion of thyroid hormones. Any increase in bone turnover, whether focal or diffuse, will result in an increase in $^{99m}Tc-methylenediphosphonate$ uptake (MDP). The measurement of this uptake in hyperthyroid patients by bone provides a sensitive and objective means of quantifying skeletal metabolism. Using a standard shadow-shield whole-body monitor and radioimmunoassay kit, we have measured whole-body retention of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ up to 24hr and concentration of serum Osteocalcin in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism and in 42 normals. The results were as follows; 1) The average of serum Osteocalcin level in 42 patients with normals was $9.90{\pm}4.87(ng/ml)$ and in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism was $19.54{\pm}5.7(ng/ml)$. Both the averages of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals. 2) $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in skeletal system increased in proportion to normal ageing after 40 yrs old in 42 patients with normals. The average of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals without related ageing. 3) A significant relationships between the $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes and serum Osteocalcin level were peformed (r=0.55, $y=17.58+6.7\times$). From the above results we concluded that the measurement of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes can be used for evaluation of bone turnover as a specific marker in hyperthyroid patients.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

Objective : This study was intended to examine the effects of water extract of Prunellae Spica (PS), which is a herb with 'cold' nature based on hot and cold theory of traditional Korean medicine. Methods : Hyperthyroidism was induced in SD rats by LT4 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for four weeks. After 2 weeks of LT4 injection, rats were divided randomly into four groups; normal, LT4-induced hyperthyroid control, PS extract (500 mg/kg, p.o.)-treated group, and propylthiouracil (PTU, 10 mg/kg, s.c.)-treated positive group. After 2 weeks of drug treatment, all rats were sacrificed and harvested blood samples and thyroid tissues. The changes of body weight, food and water intake, and body temperature were measured weekly. Serological markers were analyzed in sera using an enzyme-based assay, and thyroid tissues were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E). Brain and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues were isolated and analyzed the expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels by Western blot. Results : PS extract administration attenuated the loss of body weight and the increase of body temperature in LT4-induced hyperthyroidism rats. PS extract increased the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and decreased tiiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4). In action mechanism, PS extract regulated the expression of transient receptor potential channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and transient Receptor Potential channel subfamily M member 8 (TRPM8), the thermoregulators. Conclusion : To conclude, PS extract can improve the symptoms of hyperthyroidism through regulation of the thyroid hormones imbalance and thermoregulation via TRP channels.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1996

목적 : 그레이브스 갑상선기능항진증 환자에서 개개인마다 유효반감기가 차이가 있기 때문에, 방사성옥소 치료시 용량산출법에서, 고정된 유효반감기를 사용하는 경우에는 환자에 따라 과용량 뿐만아니라, 부족한 용량을 투여하게 되는 문제점이 있다. 저자들은 환자마다 다양하게 나타나는, 유효반감기를 $^{131}I$ 치료의 효과를 결정하는 가능한 한 인자로서 평가하고, 방사성옥소 투여후에 실제 유효반감기를 추정하고, 이를 기준으로 환자에게 실제 흡수된 방사선 흡수선량을 구하고 예정 흡수선량에 도달하기 위해 필요한 조사선량을 추정하기 위해서 본 연구를 시작했다. 대상 및 방법 : 대상은 1995년 4월부터 본원의 갑상선 클리닉을 방문한 환자중 그레이브스병 갑상선기능항진증으로 진단받았으나 항갑상선제를 장기간 복용에도 불구하고 관해를 유도하지 못했던 경우와, 항갑상선제에 대한 부작용으로 복용할 수 없는 환자 및 환자가 수술적 치료를 거부한 12명의 환자를 대상으로 방사성옥소 치료를 실시하였다. 수정된 Quimby-Marrinelli[투여량(MBq)=$absorbed\;dose(100Gy){\times}thyroid\;weight(g){\times}25{\div}T_{1/2}(day){\div}24hr$ $^{131}I$ uptake(%)]공식에 의해서 계산된 용량을 기준으로 방사성옥소를 투여한 후에 24, 48, 72, 96, 120시간당 방사성 옥소의 갑상선흡수율을 구한후 생물학적반감기, 유효반감기, 흡수선량을 구하였다. 결과: 1) 환자들에서 방사성옥소 투여시 실제 생물학적반감기는 9.5일에서 67.2일까지 다양하게 나타났고 평균 $21{\pm}13.0$(S.D.)일 이었다. 유효반감기는 평균 $5.3{\pm}0.88$(S.D.)일 이었으며 4.3일에서 7.1일까지였다. 2) 평균 방사성옥소 투여량은 532MBq(S.D.=${\pm}254$), 이때 실제 흡수선량은 112Gy(S.D.=${\pm}50.9$)였고, 갑상선조직 1그람당 100Gy의 흡수선량의 도달에 필요한량은 평균 583MBq(S.D.=${\pm}385$)였으며 평균 51MBq의 추가 용량투여가 필요하였다. 3) 방사성옥소의 추적자용량과 치료량에서의 갑상선 옥소섭취율의 변화는 t 값이 3.85, p<0.001로서 유의수준 0.01에서 유의한 차가 인정되었다. 4) 갑상선 중량측정에 있어서 갑상선스캔과 초음파사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5) 유효반감기, 갑상선중량, 치료전과 치료후의 방사성옥소섭취율은, 40세 이전과 40세 이후의 양군에 있어서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 그레이브스병 환자의 방사성옥소 치료시 용량결정 방법에서 실제 유효반감기를 이용한 방법은, 치료자가 목표로 한 흡수선량을 환자들에게 되도록 정확하게 투여하여, 방사성옥소 투여 후 잦은 빈도로 발생하는 갑상선기능저하증과, 치료실패의 빈도를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 1975년도 제14차 학술대회
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• pp.77.2-78
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• 1975

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 1973년도 제12차 학술대회
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• pp.53.1-53.1
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• 1973