• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.174-180
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• 2006

We examine the effect of Geiji-Bokryung-Hwan(GBH) on erectile function in a rat model of hypercholesterolemic erectile dysfunction. GBH, a drug preparation consisting of five herbs of Cinnamomi Ramulus (Geiji), Poria Cocos (Bokryun), Mountan Cortex Radicis (Mokdanpi), Paeoniae Radix (Jakyak), and Persicae Semen (Doin) is a traditional Korean herbal medicine that is widely used in the treatment of atherosclerosis-related disorders. In this study, 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The 6 rats control animals were fed a normal diet and the other 18 rats were fed 1% cholesterol diet for 3 months. After 1 months, GBH was added to the drinking water of the treatment group of 12 rats but not the cholesterol only group of 6 rats. Of the 12 rats 6 received 30 mg/kg per day (group 1) and 6 received 60 mg/kg per day (group 2) of GBH. At 3 months erectile function was evaluated with cavernous nerve electrostimulation in all animals. Penile tissues were collected for electron microscopy, and to perform Western blot for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and caveolin-1. Systemic arterial pressure was not significantly different between the animals that were fed the 1% cholesterol diet and the controls. Conversely erectile function was not impaired in the herbal medicine treated rats. Electron microscopy showed many caveolae with fingerlike processes in the cavernous smooth muscle and endothelial cell membranes in control and treated rats but not in the cholesterol only group of rats. Western blot showed differences among groups in protein expression for eNOS, nNOS, caveolin-1 and bFGF protein expression in penile tissue. Increased eNOS and nNOS protein expressions dy high cholesterol diet were significantly decreased in group 1 and group 2. Interestingly, caveolin-1 and bFGF protein expression was significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than in the cholesterol only and control groups.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2007

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum lipid composition of wild grape seed powder in vivo. 20 white Sprague Dawley rats of six weeks old were divided into 2 groups and AIN-93 basic diet, high fat and cholesterol were provided. And they were examined to know how wild grape seed powder worked for antioxidative effect and serum lipid composition. For the comparing group, wild grape seed powder consisting 5% of the diet weight was provided and the quantity of protein, fat, carbohydrate, and cellulose was controlled following the analysis of the ingredients. The rats were fed for four weeks with experimental diet. Serum lipid and the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome were measured after 4 weeks of experiment. The results are as follows; There was no difference between the experimental groups in the initial body weight, final body weight, weight gain and FER. Food intake was higher in the group wild grape seed powder was provided than in the control group(p<0.05). Serum total cholesterol in the control group was significantly higher than that in the group wild grape seed powder was provided.(p<0.05). There was no difference serum HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol between the groups. Serum triglyceride showed no significant difference between the groups. In blood, glutanthione peroxidase activity was higher in the group supplemented with wild grape seed powder than in the control group. The glutathione reductase activity of blood showed no difference between the groups. In liver, the glutanthione peroxidase activity was higher in the group supplemented with wild grape seed powder than in the control group(p<0.05). Glutathione reductase activity in liver showed no difference in accordance with the supplementation of wild grape seed powder.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2005

This study was performed to observe the effects of the feeding Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extract on the improvement of the free fatty acid, creatine phosphokinase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) activities in the serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats(S. D. strain, male) fed the experimental diets for. 5 weeks. Concentration of electrolyte(Na, K, Cl) in serum were fairly reduced in the group BCP(basal diet + cholesterol + Prunus persica, $5.0\;g\%$ extract) than in the group BCW(basal diet + cholesterol + water). However, no significance was found in the effect of an electrolyte concentration among the groups. Concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups(group BCW, BCP) than those in the control group(group BW, basal diet + water). However, concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were remarkably lower in the group BCP than those in the group BCW The LCAT activity in serum was increased in the Prunus persica $5.0g\%$ extract administration group(group BCP) than in the cholesterol of diet group(group BCW). From these results, the Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extracts were found to be effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.552-553
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• 2006

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.813-828
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• 2010

Objective : Yegangji-tang (YJT) is noted in China as effective medicine for hyperlipidemia. This experiment was performed to determine the effects of Yegangji-tang (銳降脂湯: YJT) on antioxidant activity and hyperlipidemia induced by hypercholesterolemic diet in mice. Methods : We observed three experimental groups: normal, control, and treatment. Rats were provided a normal diet in the normal group, and the other groups were provided a hypercholesterolemic diet to induce hyperlipidemia. After 2 weeks, YJT was treated to the treatment group. We observed the change of body and liver weight, change of serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of liver tissue, cholesterol gene revelation control efficiency, and histologic change of liver and abdominal aorta. Results : Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly with YJT, whereas HDL cholesterol increased significantly. Lipid peroxidation decreased and antioxidant activity of the liver increased significantly. Gene revelation of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in hepatic tissue decreased significantly with YJT. We also found that tissue defects of the liver and abdominal aorta were controlled by YJT on histologic study. Conclusion : These results suggest that YJT might be effective in treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.96-104
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• 2006

Insamsansa-eum (Renshenshanzha-yin, ISE) is a new medicine developed to prevent and treat atherosclerotic diseases. To explore antiatherosclerotic effects of ISE, we evaluated the effects of ISE on serum lipids of hypercholesterolemic rats in vivo, as well as its antioxidant activities in vitro. In vitro, ISE showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging activities, and inhibited hemolysis induced by 2,2' -azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH) in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, ISE significantly inhibited increase of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) values in both high cholesterol diet and Triton WR-1339 models. It also significantly inhibited decrease of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) value in the high cholesterol diet model. Collectively, our data suggest that ISE has the potential to control the risk of atherosclerosis development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-295
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• 1992

The methanol extracts from different parts of Ixeris sonchifolia (Compositae) were evaluated for their total cholesterol lowering effect in mice. Mice were rendered hypercholesterolemic with 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid. Significant lowering in serum cholesterol was observed in mice with the methanol extract from leaves (MeOH-LF), whereas the methanol extract from roots (MeOH-RT) was devoid of this effect. In rats with cholesterol-induced hyperlipidemia MeOH-LF in a dose of 100mg/kg body weight caused significant decrease of total cholesterol, and the atherogenic index was also improved. On the other hand, total cholesterol in rats fed a stock diet was not affected by administration of the MeOH-LF. Thus, it is suggested that this MeOH-LF probably may increase the metabolic utilization only when fed with excess cholesterol.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

To examine the effect of Codium fragile on blood cholesterol and lipid metabolism, hyperlipidemia was induced in experimental animal rats through the administration of a hypercholesterolemic diet. Codium fragile powder was then administered to the rats for 5 weeks, after which, blood biochemical changes such as blood cholesterol, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST: serum SGOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT: serum SGPT) enzyme activity, etc. were determined. And histological changes in liver cells were examined using an electron microscope. Codium fragile treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the levels of total cholesterol, blood triglyceride and low-density cholesterol (LDL. Chol) compared to the control rats. In contrast the expression levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL. chol.) were increased. The AST value of the Codium fragile administration group was significantly reduced and the blood ALT value of the Codium fragile group showed a significant decrease in comparison to the negative control group. In summary, this study demonstrated the beneficial possibilities of Codium fragile in improving the abnormality of lipid metabolism caused by liver cell damage and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.614-621
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• 1997

The experiments were performed to investigate the effects of protein and protein hydrolysates on lipid metabolism in the hyperlipidemic/hypercholesterolemic rat model induced by feeding fat-enriched diet. In Except 1 male rats were fed four semi-purified high fat and cholesterol diets that contained different nitrogen source, casein(C), casein hydrolysate(CH), corn gluten(G) and corn gluten hydrolysate(GH), for 6 weeks. In Expt. 2 rats were fed high fat and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Then the rats were divided into 4 groups and were fed the four kinds of above experimental diets for 4 weeks consecutively. The contents of total lipid , cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, liver and feces were determined. Serum lipid concentrations of CH, G and GH were significantly lower than that of C. Serum cholesterol concentrations of hydrolysate groups(CH and GH) were significantly lower than those of intact protein groups(C and G). Serum HDL -cholesterol concentration tended to increase by hydrolysate intake. The total lipid, cholesterol contents in liver showed similarity results as above. Fecal lipid excretions of CH, G, and GH groups were significantly higher than that of C group. These results indicate that hypolipidemic and /or hypocholesterolemic effect of corn gluten or protein hydrolysates were detected in the process of inducing hyperlipidemia by high-fat and cholesterol diet or after inducing hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

This study was designed to evaluate the anti hypercholesterolemic effect in either soybean oil or lard containing hypercholesterol diet in rats. Rats were fed, ad libitum, for 5 weeks with diets containing 0, 5, 10% of L.edodes in either soybean oil or lard with 1% exogenous cholesterol. Forty-two male sprague-dawley rats weighing 71.6$\pm$8.1g were divided into 6 groups. The results of this study were summairzed as follows: 1. Weight gain, total feed intake, feed intake efficiency ratio, total calorie intake and calorie efficiency ratio during five weeks showed significant difference among groups. The lowest value was found in soybean oil ＋ L.edodes-free group and the highest value was found in lard ＋ L.edodes-free group. The weight of organs were significantly higher in lard groups than soybean oil groups. 2. The contents of serum triglyceride showed significant difference kinds of lipids. It tended to be lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. It was difference with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. The contents of total serum cholesterol showed significant difference by kinds of lipids, it was lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. But it was not differ with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. 3. The contents of total liver cholesterol showed no difference kinds of lipids. And it was lower in soybean oil groups than lard groups. This result showed that the soybean oil decreased the contents of total liver cholesterol.