• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.233-243
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• 2016

This study examined the antioxidant activity and lipid composition of rats fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet containing Salvia plebeia water extract. Three levels (50 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) of Salvia plebeia water extract were administered to seven weeks old male Sprague Dawley rats for four weeks. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in serum was high in all groups that received the Salvia plebeia water extract (p<0.05). The glutathione reductase activity was high (p<0.05) in groups that received 50 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of Salvia plebeia water extract. When rats received Salvia plebeia water extract, the content of MDA (malondialdehyde) in the serum and liver was low in all groups. In addition, the serum total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol contents decreased significantly (p<0.05). Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the liver were significantly lower in the group that received the Salvia plebeia water extract than in the control group (p<0.05). Salvia plebeia water extract improves lipid metabolism and it almost meets with the increase of antioxidant activity and peroxide formation reduction. Based on these results, supplemented of a high fat-hypercholesterol diet with Salvia plebeia can increase antioxidant activity and depress peroxide formation in serum, as well as liver cholesterol and triglycerides.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Bacterial heat shock protein has been one of the components that are responsible to induce autoimmune disease mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis due to high level of homology in sequence with human counterpart. This mechanism may explain how bacterial infectious disease, such as periodontal disease, might contribute to the acceleration of the disease process of atherosclerosis. Porphyromonas gingivalis which is a major periodontal pathogenic bacterial species, has been implicated as one of the pathogenic bacteria playing the role in this context. The present study has been performed to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effect of adoptive transfer of Porphyromonas gingivalis heat shock protein epitope-specific T cell lines into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Peptide no. 15 with amino acid sequence VKEVASKTND-specific T cell line was selected for the transfer. When experimental atherosclerosis was induced in SCID mice adoptively transferred either by the T cell lines (experimental group) or by non-specific mouse T cells (control group), there was no significant difference in the severity and extent of the atherosclerosis induced by hypercholesterol diet.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.122-128
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• 1999

The cholesterol-lowering effect of a fermented milk was studied for long-term period (56 weeks) in 206 Korean adults (106 normal cholesterol group and 100 hypercholesterol group) 300 $m\ell$ of the fermented milk was taken daily to all subjects for 10 weeks. 24 subjects drinking the fermented milk for 56 weeks and 42 subjects no-drinking for 40 weeks and then re-drinking from 50 th week for 6 weeks were followed up. Paired t-test, Duncan's multiple range test, and GLM repeated measure were used for statistical analysis. The level of total blood cholesterol and LDL after drinking the fermented milk for 10 weeks were decreased significantly in both group and affected by total cholesterol level at baseline, BMI, smoking and drinking. there is no significant change in triglyceride, HDL, and LDL/HDL ratio by drinking the fermented milk. The fermented milk intake for long-term period (56 weeks) did not show any more effect after 10 week on the level of TC, TG, HDL, LDL.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

This study was designed to evaluate the anti hypercholesterolemic effect in either soybean oil or lard containing hypercholesterol diet in rats. Rats were fed, ad libitum, for 5 weeks with diets containing 0, 5, 10% of L.edodes in either soybean oil or lard with 1% exogenous cholesterol. Forty-two male sprague-dawley rats weighing 71.6$\pm$8.1g were divided into 6 groups. The results of this study were summairzed as follows: 1. Weight gain, total feed intake, feed intake efficiency ratio, total calorie intake and calorie efficiency ratio during five weeks showed significant difference among groups. The lowest value was found in soybean oil ＋ L.edodes-free group and the highest value was found in lard ＋ L.edodes-free group. The weight of organs were significantly higher in lard groups than soybean oil groups. 2. The contents of serum triglyceride showed significant difference kinds of lipids. It tended to be lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. It was difference with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. The contents of total serum cholesterol showed significant difference by kinds of lipids, it was lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. But it was not differ with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. 3. The contents of total liver cholesterol showed no difference kinds of lipids. And it was lower in soybean oil groups than lard groups. This result showed that the soybean oil decreased the contents of total liver cholesterol.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.425-449
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• 1999

For the evaluation of the effect on SWS, experiments were made on hyperlipidemia induced by hypercholesterol diet, inhibitory reaction to human platelet aggregation, Pulmonary thrombosis induced by collagen and epinephrine, global cerebral ischemia induced by KCN, brain ischemia induced by MCA occlusion, cytotoxicity of PC12 cells induced by amyloid ${\beta}$ protein(25-35), and NO production in RAW cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The results were obtained as follows : 1. In the experiment on hyperlipidemia, the level of serum total cholesterol, phospholipid, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased while the level of triglyceride, VLDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol had no significant change. 2. In the experiment on inhibitory reaction to platelet aggregation, SWS inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP(36.05%), by collagen(20.4%), and by thrombin(0.6%). 3. In the experiment on pulmonary thrombosis induced by collagen and epinephrine, the protective effect was found(37%). 4. In the experiment on global cerebral ischemia, coma duration induced by KCN changed insignificantly. 5. In the experiment on MCA occlusion, the change of neurologic grades on hind limb was significant only after the operation. Besides brain ischemic area and edema ratio were significantly decreased. 6. In the experiment on cytotoxicity of PC 12 cells induced by amyloid ${\beta}$ protein, the significant protective effect was found as concentration increases. 7. In the experiment on NO production in RAW cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, NO was significantly decreased. According to the results, it is expected that SWS might be effective on hyperlipidemia and brain damage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.816-822
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• 2011

Kaempferol, a component of Polygonati rhizoma, is one of the herbal flavonoids, which is used in therapeutic agent for anti-hypercholesterol, anti-hypertension and anti-diabetes. And it is also known to be effective in anti-cancer therapy for breast, prostate and other type of cancers. However, the anti-cancer therapeutic mechanisms are pooly understood. To address molecular mechanism underlying kaempferol-induced anti-cancer effects, we determined the effect of kaempferol on cell growth of the lung cancer cell lines, A549, H1299 and H460. From the FACS analysis, measurement of caspase activity, DAPI and tryptophan blue staining, and DNA fragmentation assay, we found that kaempferol induces apoptosis and H460 cells are most sensitive among the tested cell lines. In addition, we performed microarray to identify the genome-wide expression profiling regulated by kaempferol. Lots of cell cycle-related genes were under-expressed, whereas the genes related to TGF-beta/SMAD pathway were over-expressed in kaempferol-treated H460 cells. Additionally, kaempferol also increased expression levels of apoptosis related genes such as death receptors, FAS, TRAIL-R and TNF-R, and casepase-8 and caspase-10. Overall, our results suggest that kaempferol promotes anti-lung cancer therapeutic effects by inducing G1 arrest and apoptosis through TGF-beta/SMAD pathway and death receptors/caspase pathway, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2002

Gender differences in the effects of gonadectomy and high cholesterol diet on body weight and body cholesterol were investigated by using Sprague Dawley rats. Body weight, plasma and liver levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and platelet aggregation were examined in ovariectomized(OVX) or orchidectomized(ODX) rats with their intacts after feeding diet with or without 0.5% cholesterol. Body weight was significantly increased(p < 0.01) in OVX rats and significantly decreased(p < 0.01) in ODX rats compared to their respective intact rats, and cholesterol diet significantly(p < 0.05) decreased body weight in gonadectomized rats. Liver lobes from rats fed cholesterol diet were opaque and larger than those from rats find control dict, resulting in a significant increase(p < 0.01) in LW/BW ratio. Plasma and liver levels of total cholesterol were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in female rats regardless ovariectomy when find 0.5% cholesterol diet, but those levels in male rats were increased only when they were orchidectomized(p < 0.0l). Plasma HDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol diet. HDL-cholesterol were higher in female than male rats regardless treatments(p < 0.05). Liver triglyceride was significantly increased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol dict. Plasma level of triglyceride was not different among groups except significant decrease(p < 0.05) in cholesterol find ODX rats. Maximum platelet aggregation in female rats was significantly lower(p < 0.05) than male, but ovariectomy and cholesterol diet caused an increase te the level of male rats. Microscopic examination showed cholesterol diet caused a lipid accumulation in liver. Results indicate that intact female rats have higher response to hypercholestcrolemic diet than intact male rats and orchidectomy causes male rats more responsive to hypercholesterolemic diet. However, ovariectomy causes an increase female food efficiency ratio to the level of male rats, significantly increasing body weight.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지역사회생활과학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.77-77
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• 2009

쇠비름(Portulaca oleracea L.)은 쇠비름과(Portulacaceae)에 속하는 일년생 초본으로 우리나라 각지에 5~9월에 걸쳐 자생하고 있다. 한국보다는 중국에서 식용으로 애용되고 있으며, 해열, 이뇨, 산혈 등의 효능이 있어 임질, 요도염, 유종, 대하증, 임파선염 등에 약용으로 사용하고 있다. 쇠비름의 성분으로는 vitamin $B_1$ 및 C, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, dopamine, noradrenalin 등이 보고되었다. 쇠비름에 관한 연구로는 항산화효과, 항균효과 및 해독효과가 발표되었으나, 고지혈증에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고콜레스테를 유발식이에서 쇠비름 에탄을 추출물이 혈청 중 지질에 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하고자 하였다. 실험동물은 6주령의 Sprague Dawley 흰쥐 수컷을 각 실험군당 10마리씩, AIN-93M을 기본으로 하여 대조군(고지방식이), 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물 투여군의 3군(고지방식이+25mg/kg, 75mg/kg, 125mg/kg)으로 나누어 4주간 실험 식이를 급여하고 사육기간 중 사료 섭취량, 체중증가율, 식이효율을 측정하였다. 실험 종료 후, 혈액을 채취하여 혈액에서의 total lipid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol은 효소법을 이용한 kit(아산제약)을 사용하여 측정하였고, 심혈관계 질환의 위험도에 이용되는 동맥경화지수는(atherogenic index, AI) 계산식을 이용하여 산출하였다. 실험결과, 최종체중, 체중증가율, 식이효율 및 장기무게는 실험군 간의 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 고지방식이에 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물을 125mg/kg의 농도로 병합 투여했을 때 혈중의 total lipid, total cholesterol 및 triglyceride는 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 고지방식이에 의해 증가된 동맥경화지수도 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 저하되었다. 그리고 고지방식이로 증가된 ALT 및 AST 활성이 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물 투여로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 따라서 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물은 혈청 중 지질 개선 효과와 간 기능 개선효과가 있는 것으로 사료되나, 어떤 성분이 콜레스테롤 저하 효과를 나타내는지 보다 자세한 연구가 요구되어 진다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2011

This study was initiated to investigate the effects of lyophilized purslane (Portulaca oleracea) powder (5% and 10%) on lipid levels in rats fed a hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet (1% cholesterol). During the four week study, there were no significant differences in either weight change or the food efficiency ratio between the group fed the hypercholesterol diet alone (HC) and the groups fed the purslane powder (HCPO-I and HCPO-II, 5% and 10% purslane, respectively). In serum, the levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and LDL-C decreased significantly for the group fed the 10% purslane powder (HCPO-II) in comparison with the group fed the 5% purslane powder (HCPO-I). The atherogenic index (AI) was reduced by about 51% for the group fed the 10% purslane powder (1.47) in comparison with the HC group (3.03). The activities of GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH decreased significantly for the groups fed the purslane powder in comparison with the HC group. Regarding liver tissue, the levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly for the purslane powder-fed rats compared to the HC group. The fecal lipid profiles increased significantly as the amount of purslane powder was increased. Compared to the HC group, the fecal total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in the group fed the 10% purslane powder by about 2.8 times and 2.3 times, respectively. For the serum and liver tissue, the content of lipid peroxide decreased significantly in the groups fed purslane powder compared to the HC group. The data from this experiment show an increase in the lipid levels discharged in feces, suggesting that the supplementation of purslane powder to a hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet reduces lipid levels.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.519-526
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• 2012

Recently, herbal flavonoids have been implicated for anti-cancer therapy. Flavonoids as a commonly known for their anti-oxidant activity, are contained in the herbal medicine as well as root of plants, vegetables, fruits, grains, tea, and wine. Kaempferol, a component of Polygonati rhizoma, a member of the herbal flavonoids, has been studied for anti-hypercholesterol, anti-hypertension and anti-diabetes. It is also known to be effective in anti-cancer therapy for breast, prostate and other type of cancers. However, the anti-cancer therapeutic mechanisms are pooly understood. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying kaempferol-induced anti-cancer effects using the human liver cancer cell lines, Hep3B, HepG2, and Sk-Hep-1, and human Chang liver cell as a control. As shown by the FACS analysis, measurement of caspase activity, DAPI and trypan blue staining, and DNA fragmentation assay, kaempferol induced apoptosis in the liver cancer cells with the greater potential in Hep3B cells than other liver cancer cells. In addition, we performed microarray analysis to profile the genome-wide mRNA expression regulated by kaempferol. Many of the apoptosis-related genes were significantly induced in kaempferol-treated Hep3B cells, in particular, the genes associated with MAPK cascade. Additionally, kaempferol induced the mRNA expression of genes involved in MKK7-JNK cascade, MKK3-p38 cascade, and caspase signaling pathway, which are all known to trigger apoptosis. Overall, our data suggest that kaempferol has anti-liver cancer effects by inducing apoptosis through the MKK7-JNK cascade, MKK3-p38 cascade, and caspase signaling pathways.