• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.77-87
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• 2021

The color gray in the cinema expresses the private or public memory and oblivion in the reminiscence scenes. The aesthetic function and meaning of gray that interacts with other elements in cinematic time and space are expanded in various ways. This study was analyzed the cases in which gray was used as the main visual style by limiting the scope to Korean films. Based on the traditional cultural symbolic meaning of gray, I analyzed how it was applied and transformed in films, and interpreted the cultural-social meaning by the interaction between gray and other elements. In film history starting from monochrome, gray has been used as a visual device suitable for realizing cinematic or imaginary reality. Gray is adopted when dreams or recollections are visualized as imaginary reality, and it is used when dreamy imaginations of daydreaming are demonstrated. Gray, which reproduces the dreamlike reality of imagination, is the concrete and realistic way of expression. First, in Korean films, gray is a flashback visual device that recalls the past, and is an intermediary visual form that materializes the imaginary. In films such as Ode to My Father (2014), DongJu (2015), A Resistance(2019) and The Battle : Roar to Victory (2019), the gray of the past is a visual device for cultural memory that builds the homogeneity and identity of the group. In the era of hyper-visibility, gray in black and white images is intended to be clearly remembered by unfamiliarity rather than blurry oblivion by familiarity. Second, in genre films with disaster materials such as Train To Busan (2016) and Ashfall (2019), the grays of rain, fog, clouds, shadows and smoke highlight other elements, and the gray color causes anxiety and fear. In war films such as TaeGukGi: Brotherhood Of War (2003) and The Front Line (2011), gray shows a more intense brutality than the primary color. In sports films such as 4th Place (2015), Take Off (2009) and Forever The Moment (2007), gray expresses uncertainty and immaturity. Third, gray visualizes the historical memory of A Petal (1996), the oblivion in Oh! My Gran (2020) and Poetry (2010), and the reality of daydreaming Gagman (1988) and Dream (1990). At the boundary between imagination and reality, gray is a visual form of dreams, memories and forgetfulness.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.283-287
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• 2023

A 10-year-old spayed female beagle dog presented with a 2-month history of third-eyelid elevation in the left eye (OS). Ophthalmic examination revealed slightly diminished corneal and palpebral reflexes along with exophthalmos in the OS. Schirmer's tear test and intraocular pressure values were within the normal range for the OS. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed protrusion of the third eyelid and corneal opacity in the OS. Fundoscopy revealed a prominent black mass in the OS covering the optic nerve. Tapetal hyper-reflectivity was also observed around the mass. Ocular ultrasonography showed a 0.74 × 0.67 cm echogenic posterior segment mass around the optic nerve protruding into the retrobulbar space. Computed tomography revealed a contrast-enhanced soft tissue lesion in the posteromedial aspect of the left eyeball protruding into the retrobulbar region, and the optic nerve was suspected to be involved. No evidence of osteolytic changes in the adjacent bone or distant metastasis was observed. Enucleation was performed to prevent potential metastasis or local invasion of the mass and to relieve discomfort due to exposure to keratopathy resulting from lagophthalmos. Histopathological examination revealed a central choroidal melanocytoma extending into the optic nerve. No local recurrence was detected until 16 months postoperatively.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.177-198
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• 2009

How are we approach the fourteenth chapter of Ulysses known as 'The Oxen of the Sun' in this globalized age of hyper-theorization? My paper argues that examining the wide reverberations set off by Derrida's comment in "Ulysses Gramophone"-"Everything has already happened to us with Ulysses"-in relation to the central textual theme of cosmopolitanism may provide a reading that not only pays due respect to the critical legacy of the early structuralist interpretations but equally takes into account the political sensibilities of our time. The neologism 'chaosmopolitanism,'in fact, serves as that very critical measure designed to bridge the gap separating the long tradition of Western Eurocentric discourse on cosmopolitanism on the one hand and the geopolitical background conditioning its discursive possibility, namely, the chaotic condition of international colonialism on the other, whose exemplary, and exemplarily creative, fusion bears none other name than Ulysses. But the idea of chaosmopolitanism gains its conceptual leverage on yet another, no less pivotal register, for, just as with Derrida's first-person plural pronoun, the trope leads us to reflect on our own situatedness in the East Asian region in light of Joyce's unabashedly universalist vision, whose over-arching textual purview nonetheless leaves the space called the Far East in the singular position of virtual exclusion. What does it then mean to enjoy Joyce's "chaffering allincluding most farraginous chronicle" in light of our East Asian perspective? To this second question, my inquiry turns to the dual theme of enjoyment and debt as they are problematized by Stephen Dedalus' telegram to Mulligan, which reads, "the sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done." Itself a quotation from George Meredith's novel The Ordeal of Richard Feverel, the transcribed message invites us to reconsider the scrupulous endeavor underwriting Joyce's signatory gusto, but at the same time forcing us to confront and reassess our own debt to the problematic heritage known as Western literature or, to borrow Derrida's expression, Abrahamic language.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

Death culture continues to lead human history with complementarity in the sense that it is half of life culture. The three sacred gates and the two tombs are connected to the olegil space. In this space, the principle of complementarity in which coexistence exist between life and death is hidden in Jeju culture. It is a question and wait. Contrarily, the opposite is complementary. (Contraria Sunt Complementa Latin) This refers to the relationship of each other in relation to one another and in a mutually dependent relationship. The Jong Nang is used as basic logic in DNA codon of human body as well as communication principle. In addition, there is a pattern of similarity of the linkage between the square oval ear of the grave, the Korean Taegeukguk and 卦, the genome (DNA) 卦. The Jong Nang 'Batdam' and 'Sandam' are conneted like 'black dragon ten thousand', and stone walls are connected to each other as the stone network, which is called as the 'Goendam' (and conventionally is told as the 'Goendang') and is related to the Family networks. The relationship between the Tomb of the ancestors and their offspring is believed to be "Soul Synchronizing the Ancestor to Offspring" and becomes "Change in Future", and Genetic factors in the physical blood are transmitted directly to the children. The DNA RNA was represented by the determinant.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.103-128
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• 2002

As a result of trying the various manufacturing methods considering the reality of manpower and equipments with this manual, the following standardized procedures and contents can be suggested. (1) Since tools presenting Rock-Drill data must formalize the order of explanation although explainers are different, it will be valid that it is configured by existing power point method rather than by web document type. Composition of contents are selected on the basis of defence card and survey and then 8 items including initial screen, peripheral conditions, mobilization route, general conditions, use and structure by floor, department of vehicle consideration in activities and end screen are included. (2) Making methods and cautions of data included and used in power point are as follows ; - It was most effective that objects of fire fighting and location of neighboring fire fighting water were expressed by electronic map and drawing of inner building was made by scanning it after paining general architecture drawing(plan by each floor) rather than using drawing tools of EXCEL program or CAD drawing. And it was helpful to simplify contents of architecture drawing to wall, stairs and gate in understanding them. - Photographing of video data should be taken to show available fire fighting facilities in fire, use of planned space and the whole inner structure of each floor from the inside of fire fighting buildings and to display play time between 10 sec. and 1 min, for obstacles to distance from adjacent buildings or passage of special vehicles and fire fighting water from the outside of the building. - File format of video data taken in this way is most suitable to use wmv(window media video) or asf(advanced streaming format) type in consideration of time required for export, screen quality, file capacity and play type in Rock-Drill through network. - Still screen(photo) is more effective to express the department of fire fighting vehicles or other equipments than using video. (3) In configuration work of power point, hyper link was used most and configured to see any part at any situation like web document and then uniformity of presentation order of power point was complemented. (4) In case of sales facilities with the area of $35.557m^2$, the time of 22 hours and 30 minutes for five days was taken with five persons. Therefore, when eight-hour works a day were calculated, the whole process of video work for Rock-Drill can be finished with three day works.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.214-225
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• 2020

Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rock is one of the important factors to determine the advance speed during shield TBM tunnel excavation. UCS can be obtained through the Geotechnical Data Report (GDR), and it is difficult to measure UCS for all tunneling alignment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to predict UCS by utilizing TBM machine driving data and machine learning technique. Several machine learning techniques were compared to predict UCS, and it was confirmed the stacking model has the most successful prediction performance. TBM machine data and UCS used in the analysis were obtained from the excavation of rock strata with slurry shield TBMs. The data were divided into 8:2 for training and test and pre-processed including feature selection, scaling, and outlier removal. After completing the hyper-parameter tuning, the stacking model was evaluated with the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the determination coefficient (R²), and it was found to be 5.556 and 0.943, respectively. Based on the results, the sacking models are considered useful in predicting rock strength with TBM excavation data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.142-151
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• 2020

The reason why today's public actively uses social communication is that the necessary information is collected and classified under the name of social big data through the web space to create the big data era, an ecosystem of information. In order for big data information to be used by the public, it is necessary to visualize it easily. This study categorized the types of visualization according to the information of social big data, and targeted the experienced students including the related majors and the general public who need to directly utilize and study the actual big data visualization as an experience evaluation target. As a result of analyzing the experiences of the experienced people, important implications for the visualization method for managing, analyzing, and utilizing the data were derived. The big data visualization strategy is to be expressed in a way that fits the data environment and user's eye level on SNS. In the future, if big data visualization is applied to product service or social trend, it will be an important data in terms of broadening its role, scope of application, and application.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.502-517
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• 2022

As the use of TBM increases, research has recently increased to to analyze TBM data with machine learning techniques to predict the exchange cycle of disc cutters, and predict the advance rate of TBM. In this study, a regression prediction of disc cutte wear of slurry shield TBM site was made by combining machine learning based on the machine data and the geotechnical data obtained during the excavation. The data were divided into 7:3 for training and testing the prediction of disc cutter wear, and the hyper-parameters are optimized by cross-validated grid-search over a parameter grid. As a result, gradient boosting based on the ensemble model showed good performance with a determination coefficient of 0.852 and a root-mean-square-error of 3.111 and especially excellent results in fit times along with learning performance. Based on the results, it is judged that the suitability of the prediction model using data including mechanical data and geotechnical information is high. In addition, research is needed to increase the diversity of ground conditions and the amount of disc cutter data.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

Recently, interest in artificial intelligence has increased due to the development of artificial intelligence fields such as ChatGPT and self-driving cars. However, there are still many unknown elements in training process of artificial intelligence, so that optimizing the model requires more time and effort than it needs. Therefore, there is a need for a tool or methodology that can analyze the weight changes during the training process of artificial intelligence and help out understatnding those changes. In this research, I propose a visualization system which helps people to understand the accumulated weight changes. The system calculates the weights for each training period to accumulates weight changes and stores accumulated weight changes to plot them in 3D space. This research will allow us to explore different aspect of artificial intelligence learning process, such as understanding how the model get trained and providing us an indicator on which hyperparameters should be changed for better performance. These attempts are expected to explore better in artificial intelligence learning process that is still considered as unknown and contribute to the development and application of artificial intelligence models.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.613-618
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• 2023

The advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is accelerating innovation across society, and the defense sector is no exception as it adopts technologies aligned with the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In particular, the Army is making efforts to establish an advanced Army TIGER 4.0 system, aiming to create highly intelligent and interconnected mobile units. To achieve this, the Army is integrating cutting-edge scientific and technological advancements from the Fourth Industrial Revolution to enhance mobility, networking, and intelligence. However, the existing addressing system, IPv4, has limitations in meeting the exponentially increasing demands for network IP addresses. Consequently, the military considers IPv6 address allocation as an essential process to ensure efficient network management and address space provisioning. This study proposes an approach for IPv6 address allocation for the future military, considering the Army TIGER system. The proposal outlines how the application networks of the Army can be differentiated, and IP addresses can be allocated to future unit structures of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, from the Ministry of National Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Through this approach, the Army's advanced ground combat system, Army TIGER 4.0, is expected to operate more efficiently in network environments, enhancing overall information exchange and mobility for the future military.