• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of salad dressings on the flowable composite resin surface and the erosion-inhibitory effect of calcium. Methods: The experiment included six groups: oriental dressing, balsamic dressing, lemon-garlic dressing, lemon-garlic dressing supplemented with 3% calcium, mineral water as a negative control group, and orange juice as a positive control group. pH and titratable acidity were measured. The prepared specimens were immersed in the experimental solutions for 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 minutes. The surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers hardness number before and after the treatment, and the surface of the specimens was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: The pH values of the experimental groups in increasing order were as follows: lemon-garlic dressing (2.49±0.03), balsamic dressing (3.12±0.06), lemon-garlic dressing +3% calcium (3.27±0.09), oriental dressing (3.75±0.03), orange juice (3.82±0.02), and mineral water (7.32±0.16). The largest surface hardness reduction value was shown in lemon-garlic dressing (-9.61±1.16), followed by balsamic dressing (-9.17±1.63), oriental dressing (-8.62±1.09), orange juice (-8.19±1.36), lemon-garlic dressing +3% calcium (-6.76±1.23), and mineral water (-1.63±2.47). According to the SEM findings, the experimental and positive control groups showed rough surfaces and micropores, whereas the negative control group showed a smooth surface. Moreover, the lemon-garlic dressing with +3% calcium showed fewer micropores and a smoother surface than the lemon-garlic dressing. Conclusion: The intake of salad dressings at a low pH could weaken the surface microhardness of the flowable composite resin. However, adding calcium to these salad dressings can reduce the risk of microhardness reduction on the flowable composite resin surface.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2015

Systemic analysis 기법을 이용하여 국내 학교급식의 위해관리를 위한 정보를 제공하고자 학교급식 위생 관련 문헌분석을 실시하였다. 단체급식 및 위생 분야 키워드 47개를 도출한 후, DBpia 검색엔진을 통하여 도출된 키워드를 입력하여 최근 10년간(2005-2014) 생산된 총 1,177개 논문을 검색하였다. 이후 관련논문을 수집하고 전문가리뷰를 통하여 최종 142개 논문을 선정하였다. 시설별, 이해당사자별, 외부요인, 내부요인, 직접적 요인, 간접적 요인으로 나눠 문헌을 분석하였다. 시설별로 학교(64편)가 산업체(5편)나 병원(3편)보다 단체급식 위생 관련문헌이 많았다. 학교급식의 주요요인을 분석한 결과 시스템/시설/설비(15편), 위생교육(12편), 생산/납품업체(6편), 식재료(4편), 복합적 요인(9편)이었다. 학교급식 위생관련 요인을 환경적 요인, 인적 요인, 식재료 요인, 고용 및 직무요인으로 구분하였다. 이해당사자별로 영양사, 조리종사원, 학생, 교직원, 식재료 납품업체 등으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 첫 번째, 환경적 요인으로 시설 설비 영역과 시스템 영역으로 구분하였다. 시설 설비 영역에서 대상이 영양사인 경우 급식시설의 명확하지 않은 구획 및 구분, 다량조리기기의 부족으로 인한 음식 온도관리 미흡, 위생관리를 위한 기기 구비율 저조, 조리실 온 습도 관리 미흡 등이 문제점으로 지적되었다. 대상이 학생인 경우에는 교실배식 환경을 문제로 꼽았다. 시스템 영역에서는 영양사가 대상인 경우 학교 내 구성원 간 HACCP 시스템 팀의 낮은 협력정도가 문제로 지적되었다. 조리사/조리종사원이 대상인 경우에는 과도한 업무량과 높은 노동 강도, 급식소 안전 관련 근무 조건의 열악함이 문제가 되었다. 학부모를 대상으로 조사한 결과에서는 학교급식 모니터 제도의 활동이 저조한 것이 문제로 파악되었다. 두 번째, 인적 요소 측면에서는 "위생교육 부족"이 가장 큰 문제점으로서, 교육대상이 조리종사원인 경우 형식적인 위생교육, HACCP 관련 교육 미흡, 낮은 개인위생관리수행이 문제가 되었다. 대상이 학생인 경우에는 위생교육 경험이 적고, 위생교육의 적용 및 효과가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 세 번째, 식재료 요소 측면에서 원재료 자체의 위생문제와 신선편이식품 전처리 식재료의 불신이 문제로 파악되었다. 한편, 생산 납품업체 관련 납품업체 배송차량 관리 미흡, 생산 납품업체 직원의 위생관리, HACCP 비인증업체의 위생관리가 문제로 지적되었다. 마지막으로 고용 및 직무 요소 측면에서 영양사와 조리종사원의 고용형태, 연봉수준은 직무만족도 및 직무몰입도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 직무스트레스는 직무수행, 나아가 학교급식 위생에도 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 학교급식 위생의 원인 분석을 통하여 향후 정부는 예산확보, 현장조사, 인증시스템 제도 마련, 근무 조건 개선, 위생훈련 및 점검 강화, 전문가에 의한 위생컨설팅 및 급식장 설계 컨설팅을 강화할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 향후 급식위생안전 개선을 위한 교육 자료 및 관련 기술 개발에 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.509-515
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the salivary secretion, salivary pH and cariogenic activity using unstimulated whole saliva in patients with hematologic malignancy. Methods : Nineteen patients (9 male, 10 female) who had hematologic malignancy and were treated with chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, and nineteen normal volunteers (7 male, 12 female) as control group were included. The mean age of patients group and control group was 45.1 and 46.7 years, respectively. Patients group was examined salivary secretion, salivary pH, and cariogenic activity using unstimulated whole saliva and was compared with control group. Results : In comparison with control group, salivary secretion, salivary pH and salivary buffer capacity were significantly lower in patients with hematologic malignancy (p<0.01). Both cariogenic activity(p<0.01) and the number of Lactobacilli(p<0.05) are higher in patients group than control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that the unstimulated whole salivary secretion, pH and buffer capacity were lower in patients with hematologic malignancy than control group. Cariogenic activity is higher in patients with hematologic malignancy than control group. Such salivary factor and cariogenic activity can increase the possibility of induction of dental caries.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.973-980
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was to analyz the effects of comparative evaluation of the effects of oil pulling on periodontal indices. Methods: A total subjects were 38; control group (19 subjects) and experimental group (19 subjects). In the experimental group, coconut oil was provided and rinsed the mouth for about 10 minutes once a day. We evaluated possession rate of pocket depth (≥4 mm), possession rate of bleeding on exploring and possession rate of gingival recession (≥1 mm). Results: The possession rate of pocket depth (≥4 mm), bleeding on exploring and gingival recession (≥1 mm) significant difference in interaction between the group and measurement time. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that dental hygiene process and oil pulling specialists in care of periodontal diseases were effective mediation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2020

본 연구목적은 치과이용자를 대상으로 감염관리 인식과 경험을 조사하고 치과 감염관리 개선을 제언하고자 하였다. 2020년 7-8월, 20세 이상 198명을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 감염관리 인식과 경험, 개선안에 관한 설문조사를 하였고, PASW Statistics ver 18.0으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 치과 이용자 91%가 감염관리 중요성을 인식하였고, 감염관리 인식에서 진료기구 멸균, 의료진 손 위생과 장갑교체가 높게 조사되었다. 의료진의 일회용가운 및 보안경 교체는 상대적으로 낮게 조사되었다. 치과 의료진의 개인방호와 기구멸균은 수행을 잘하고 있다고 인식하였고 표면소독과 수질관리는 개선이 요구되었다. 연구를 통해 치과이용자 관점의 감염 인식과 경험을 토대로 감염관리 개선을 제언하는데 의미가 있었고 치과 의료기관에서 질 높은 의료서비스 수행에 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Purpose: To study the internal psychological conflicts among nursing students during an infection control protocol carried out in the hospital by measuring their observation skills and performance during clinical training. Methods: Investigation of both pre- and post- infection control was conducted using questionnaires for clinical infection practices. We identified and evaluated the students' observation skills, clinical performance, clinical perception, and internal conflict regarding clinical infection control. We also interviewed the students as part of our study. Results: Among parameters such as clinical performance, observation skills, clinical perception, and internal conflict, the average observation skills (t=5.49, p<.001) were significantly lower, while internal conflict among students (t=-7.23, p<.001) was significantly higher than expected prior to clinical training. Generally, there was a negative correlation between observation skills and internal conflict in every aspect of infection control practice (r=-.281, p=.031). Internal conflict was significantly higher than expected in the context of hand hygiene (t=-2.135, p=.037), personal hygiene (t=-3.48, p=.002), and ventilator management (t=-3.69, p<.001). Clinical performance of students in the context of hand hygiene (t=4.69, p<.001), personal hygiene (t=2.06, p=.044), and ventilator management (t=2.68, p<.001) was significantly lower than expected prior to clinical training. Conclusion: Our findings showed that internal psychological conflict is higher when infection control practices are observed or performed to a lesser degree. Therefore, reinforcing education regarding infection control among students, such as developing a systematic program, or consecutive training and monitoring, is suggested.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2007

이 연구는 치과 진료실에서 치과의료종사자들의 감염방지에 대한 인식 정도를 파악하고자 설문지를 이용하여 대구지역의 치과병 의원에 근무하는 치과의사 50명, 치과위생사 176명, 간호조무사 100명을 대상으로 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 모든 직종에서 치과진료실에서 감염 위험성이 가장 높은 질환은 B형 간염으로 인식하고 있었다. 2. 개인용 보호 장비 사용에 대한 인식은 글러브, 러버댐 장착 필요성에 대해서는 높았으나 에이프런 착용에 대해서는 상대적으로 낮은 인식률을 보였다. 3. 기구 및 기재의 멸균에 대한 인식은 간호조무사에 비해 치과의사와 치과위생사가 상대적으로 높았다. 4. 장비의 표면 소독에 대한 인식은 치과위생사가 치과의사나 간호조무사에 비해 높았다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of music intervention on the patient's fear and anxiety during scaling. Methods: 360 patients who had visited W University dental hygiene laboratory were selected as study subjects and divided into experiment group and control group. Results: Study results showed that the control group (71.9%) and the experimental group (75.1%) had experiences avoiding dental treatment due to fear. In the control group (37.6%) and experimental group (40.6%), the highest influencing factor was the sound of machine and followed by pain. The experimental group preferred classical music, followed by pop songs, trot music and instrumental music. In the experimental group (83.3%), fear and anxiety were alleviated by music, and 77.9% of the patients mentioned they would recommend music for scaling to other patients. There was an interaction effect (p=0.014) between the groups before and after the measurement of the lowest blood pressure. There was a significant difference in pulse before and after pulse measurement (p=0.000). There was a significant difference in respiration between groups (p=0.042) and before and after respiration (p=0.030). Conclusions: Study results showed that music intervention that utilizes music during scaling showed significant effects on the alleviation of fear and anxiety, affecting Pulse number among vital signs. Therefore, more systematic program is to be required to alleviate dental fear and anxiety with music therapy not only for scaling, but also for dental clinic in the future.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.87-103
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• 1995

Since being granted permission for self-assessment of the work environment by the Department of Labor in 1992, POSCO's Industrial Hygiene Laboratory has participated in domestic and Foreign Quality Control Programs 8 times and has obtained remarkable results. It has made a lot of effort to be a proficient laboratory with the ability to observe and analyse environmental monitoring data. The summary of results is as follows: 1. POSCO's Industrial Hygiene Laboratory has received a "P(Proficient)" grade from the round 115 to round 119 of AIHA/NIOSH PAT Program for analysis of such metals as lead, cadmium, zinc, and chromium, and also has received a "P(Proficient)" grade from its round 119 of for organic solvent analysis, i,e,. Trichloroethylene(TCE), Carbon Tetr-achloride(CTC), 1,2-Dichloroethane(DCE), 1,1,1-Trichloroethane(MCM), Tetrachloroethylene (PCE), Chloroform(CFM), Benzene(BNZ), toluene(TOL), and O-xylene(OXY). 2. In the Quality Control Evaluation Program performed by the Industrial Health Research Institute,Korea Industrial Safety Corporation, POSCO has passed impressively in the3-metal analysis test for lead, cadmium, cupper, and in the 6 organic solvent analysis test for Benzene(BNZ), toluene(TOL), O-xylene(OXY), Trichloroethylene(TCE) and Methyl isobutyl keton(MIBK), n-Hexane with 2 standard deviations. These analytic techniques should be practically applied to various fields, and reliable results of environmental monitoring should be considered to improve the work environment and to keep workers from occupation related diseases.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.907-915
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the curriculum development and operation based on national competency standard (NCS). Methods: The duty of the dental hygienist was analyzed based on DACUM by ten experts in January, 2011. The duty model of the dental hygienist was inspected after duty analysis. The subjects of choice were preventive dentistry and practice. The satisfaction with the subjects were carried out from March to June, 2015. Results: The duty analysis of dental hygienist by DACUM produced preventive dental treatment(11 tasks), oral health education(3 tasks), comprehensive dental hygiene treatment(6 tasks) and 12 categories(156 tasks). Preventive dental treatment was divided into preventive dentistry and practice, oral health education was changed into oral health education and practice, and comprehensive dental hygiene treatment was replace by comprehensive dental hygiene and practice. The contents of preventive dentistry and practice included outline, learning objective, related knowledge and self evaluation. Professional evaluation required mutual experience and evaluation of the students. The mutual evaluation of the students was $4.61{\pm}0.506$(dental plaque control) and $1.80{\pm}0.316$(tooth brushing). The professional evaluation was $1.73{\pm}0.274$(dental plaque control) and $1.60{\pm}0.322$(tooth brushing)(p<0.01). The satisfaction with preventive dentistry and practice was $4.61{\pm}0.506$(improvement in practical work ability), $4.58{\pm}0.511$(knowledge improvement) and $4.55{\pm}0.572$(NCS educational environment) in order. Conclusions: The operation of NCS curriculum is considered to improve practical work ability and to solve skill mismatch between dental industries and educational training institutions.