• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.127-128
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• 2021

In this study, a study was conducted to analyze thermal diffusion according to the depth of concrete exposed to high temperatures. For thermal diffusion analysis, a test specimen in which K-type sheath thermocouples were poured in 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm sections was manufactured, and thermal diffusion measurement was performed through one-sided heating for 180 minutes under heating conditions. As a result of the review, it was shown that as the temperature condition increased, the heat diffusion increased as the depth increased.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.747-757
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• 1997

ZSM-5 zeolite composite membranes have been synthesized from a silica sol solution containing TPABr as an organic template by the dip-coating and the pressurized-coating hydrothermal treatment techniques. The CO2 separation efficiency of synthesized composite membranes was also investigated. The permeation mechanism of CO2 through ZSM-5 membranses was the surface diffusion, and that of N2, O2, and He gases was Knudsen diffusion or activated diffusion depending on the synthetic method of membranes and the measurement temperature. The CO2/N2 separation factor of the membrane prepared by the dip-coating hydrothermal treatment was 2.5 at about 12$0^{\circ}C$, while the ZSM-5 composite membrane synthesized by the pressurized-coating hydrothermal treatment technique showed the CO2/N2 separation factor of 9.0 at room temperature higher than that ever reported in the literature.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2024

Thin films of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticles were prepared using a low-temperature deposition and crystallization process involving successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) or SILAR-Air spray Plus (SILAR-A+) methods, coupled with hydrothermal (175 ℃) and furnace (500 ℃) post-annealing. The annealed YSZ films resulted in crystalline products, and their phases of monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic were categorized through X-ray diffraction analysis. The morphologies of the as-prepared films, fabricated by SILAR and SILAR-A+ processes, including hydrothermal dehydration and annealing, were characterized by the degree of surface cracking using scanning electron microscopy images. Additionally, the thicknesses of the YSZ thin films were compared by removing diffusion layers such as spectator anions and water accumulated during the air spray plus process. Crack-free YSZ thin films were successfully fabricated on glass substrates using the SILAR-A+ method, followed by hydrothermal and furnace annealing, making them suitable for application in solid oxide fuel cells.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2020

Ni as a catalyst for steam methane reforming (SMR) was deposited on a porous Al₂O₃ support using a hydrothermal-infiltration method. The SMR performance of Ni/Al₂O₃ composites was strongly affected by the microstructural change of the support according to the firing temperature. While there was no significant change up to 800 ℃, significant grain growth and large interfacial necking occurred after firing at 1,200 ℃, resulting in a significant increase in both porosity and pore size. The Al₂O₃ support with a large pore size and broad pore size distribution could load a relatively larger amount of Ni catalyst during the hydrothermal-infiltration process and facilitate the diffusion of reaction gases. Therefore, the Ni/Al₂O₃ composite with the support fired at 1,200 ℃ exhibited the best SMR performance. Meanwhile, Ni catalysts were distributed evenly throughout the porous support in the Ni/Al₂O₃ composite prepared by the hydrothermal-infiltration method compared to that prepared by the conventional infiltration method. Therefore, the Ni/Al₂O₃ composite prepared by the hydrothermal-infiltration method exhibited much better SMR performance. Moreover, no significant performance degradation was observed at 600 ℃ for 100 h.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2020

연구목적 : 에너지 저장실의 외부 화염에 의한 내부자기 점화 및 점화를 식별하고, 과열로 인한 점화와 외부 열원에 의한 점화의 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 분리막 녹는점 측정, 배터리 외부 수열 실험, 배터리 과충전 실험, 과충전과 외부수열에 의한 연소 시 전극 판 비교분석, 과충전 연소 특징, 외부수열 화재 연소특징, 3.4(전극판 비교)/ 3.5(과충전)/ 3.6(외부수열) 분석 실험을 하였다. 연구결과: 화재 발생 시까지 센서의 위치에 따른 온도 차이가 극심했음으로 기존처럼 한 모듈 당 온도 센서 두 개로는 측정값이 부족해 온도제어를 통한 화재를 사전에 방지할 수 없다고 판단한다. 결론: 단락이 점화원으로 작용하여 혼합가스에 착화돼 가스폭발이 발생하고, 폭발 압력에 의해 전극이 잘게 파손되며, 가루형태의 리튬산화물이 불꽃반응에 의해 폭죽과 유사한 불꽃이 분출되었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2020

본 연구는 BaTiO₃ 나노입자의 용액 공정의 분산성을 확보하기 위해 합성 시간과 온도 증가를 통한 입자들의 핵생성 속도 및 확산 속도를 동시에 증가시켜 수열합성을 진행하였다. 상대적으로 연구가 부족했던 20 nm 이하 균일한 크기의 BaTiO₃ 나노입자를 oleic acid 리간드를 매개로 180℃, 30시간의 조건에서 추가 공정 없이 합성하였다. 수열합성을 저온에서 짧은 시간 동안 진행하였을 시 입자의 응집과 크기의 불균일함을 확인하였으며, 고온에서 장시간 진행하였을 시 입자가 잘 분산되고 크기가 균일한 것을 확인하였다. 이는 고온에서 TiO₂ 입자의 핵 생성 속도와 Ba²⁺ 이온의 확산 거리 증가에 기인한다. 비극성 용매인 mesitylene에서 향상된 분산도를 보여준 BaTiO₃ 나노입자의 크기와 결정도 및 흡광도는 투과전자 현미경과 X-ray diffraction 및 자외/가시선 분광광도계를 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과로 수열합성을 통한 BaTiO₃ 나노입자의 크기의 균일성과 분산성을 개선하고 다양한 전자소자에 응용 가능할 것이라 예상한다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.366-370
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• 2007

Silicon nitride ($Si_3N_4$) ceramics have been considered for various components of nuclear power plants such as the mechanical seal of a reactor coolant pump (RCP), the guide roller for a control rod drive mechanism (CRDM), and a seal support, etc. Corrosion behavior of $Si_3N_4$ ceramics in a high-temperature and high-pressure water must be elucidated before they can be considered as components for nuclear power plants. In this study, the corrosion behaviors of $Si_3N_4$ ceramics containing MgO and $Al_2O_3$ as sintering aids were investigated at a hydrothermal condition ($300^{\circ}C$, 9.0 MPa) in pure water and 35 ppm LiOH solution. The corrosion reactions were controlled by a diffusion of the reactive species and/or products through the corroded layer. The grain-boundary phase was preferentially corroded in pure water whereas the $Si_3N_4$ grain seemed to be corroded at a similar rate to the grain-boundary phase in LiOH solution. Flexural strengths of the $Si_3N_4$ ceramics were significantly degraded due to the corrosion reaction. Results of this study imply that a variation of the sintering aids and/or a control (e.g., crystallization) of the grain-boundary phase are necessary to increase the corrosion resistance of $Si_3N_4$ ceramics in a high-temperature water.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

수열법을 이용하여 비팽윤성 운모의 합성을 행하였다. 인위적인 이온의 확산을 유도시키기 위하여 수열참치에 회전장치를 부착하고 0.7mm 크기의 지르콘 비드를 첨가시킴으로써 저온영역에서 비팽윤성 운모를 합성할 수 있었다. 비팽윤성 운모를 제조하기 위한 수열조건은 다음과 같다. 즉, 출발원료: $1K_2O,\;1Al(OH)_3,\;4Mg(OH)_2$ 및 $6SiO_2$, 수열용매: 8M-KOH, 반응온도: $260^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 72시간이었다. 이와 같은 조건에서 얻어진 운모는 $2.89{\mu}m$ 크기의 판상형 이었으며 97% 이상의 백색도를 나타내었다. 그리고 $3700cm^{-1}$ 부근에서 $Mg_3OH$ 진동에 의한 흡수피크를 나타내었기 때문에 $KMg_3AlSi_3O_{10}(OH)_2$의 화학조성을 나타내는 비팽윤성의 금운모임을 FT-IR분석을 통하여 알 수 있었다. 이 결과는 O (41.34%), Mg (3.88%) Al (11.45%), Si (17.62%) 및 K (25.71%)의 원소가 검출된 EDS 분석결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.3242-3254
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• 2024

With the increasing usage of nuclear energy, how to properly dispose nuclear waste becomes a critical issue. In this study, a multiscale modeling approach combining the experimental findings is presented to address the illitization process, its impact on transport properties, and system behavior of bentonite buffer in engineered barrier systems (EBS). Through the pore-scale modeling, reactive transport properties such as illite generation rate and effective diffusion coefficient of potassium ion as a function of porosity and temperature are quantified by employing the findings of hydrothermal reaction experiments of Bentonil-WRK. The capability of pore-scale modeling has been developed based on the Darcy-Brinkmann-Stokes equation, involving the processes of smectite illitization and clay swelling. Obtained reactive transport properties are utilized as input parameters for the macroscale modeling to predict the long-term behavior of bentonite buffer in EBS. As such, this study involves the whole workflow of quantifying the reaction parameters of smectite illitization through the hydrothermal reaction experiments, and numerically modeling the reactive transport process of smectite illitization in bentonite buffer of EBS from pore-scale to macroscale. The presented multiscale modeling findings are expected to provide reliable solution for safe nuclear waste disposal with EBS.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2006

A faujasite NaY zeolite membrane was prepared on a tubular ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ support by the secondary growth process, and effects of permeation test conditions on the $CO_2/N_2$ separation were investigated. A NaY zeolite membrane with good $CO_2/N_2$ separation was successfully synthesized by using the hydrothermal solution ($Al_2O_3:SiO_2:Na_2O:H_2O$ = 1:6:14:840 in a molar base): at a permeation temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, its $CO_2$ permeance and $CO_2/N_2$ separation factor were $2.5{\times}10^{-7}mol/m^2secPa$ and 34, respectively. The $CO_2$ and $N_2$ permeations were highly dependent on permeation test conditions (feed composition, feeding rate, feed pressure, He sweeping rate and permeation temperature). The results indicated that (i) $CO_2$ and $N_2$ permeations through NaY zeolite membrane are governed by surface and micropore diffusions, respectively, (ii) the preparation of NaY zeolite membrane with a large permeating area is one of the most difficult hurdles for its real applications, and (iii) the retardation of $N_2$ permeation is an effective key to improve $CO_2/N_2$ separation factor in NaY zeolite membrane.