• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권11A호
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• pp.1091-1096
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• 2010

Stiction in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) has been a major failure mechanism. Especially, in RF MEMS switches, moving parts often suffered in-use and release related stiction problems. Some materials and methods have been used to prevent this problem. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) has not only been used as a protective material owing to its good mechanical properties but also has been used as a hydrophobic material. Its properties could be controlled by post annealing treatment in various conditions. We synthesized DLC films using a radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF PECVD) method on silicon substrates using methane ($CH_4$) and hydrogen ($H_2$) gas. Then, the change of the hydrophobic property of the films was investigated undervarious annealing temperatures in nitrogen and in oxygen ambient. The films, that were annealed above $700^{\circ}C$ in nitrogen ambient, showed a high contact angle of water (> $90^{\circ}$) even though their mechanical property was sacrificed to some degree. The structural variation and the changes of the hydrophobic and mechanical properties of the DLC films were analyzed by Raman spectrum, contact angle measurement, surface profiler, and a nanoindentation test.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.288-292
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• 2009

LPD법을 이용하여 유리 기판 위에 발수/친수 패터닝 기판을 제조하였다. 발수 표면은 거친 표면을 갖는 ZnO 박막을 FAS를 이용한 표면 개질에 의하여 만들어졌고, 친수 표면은 자외선을 조사하여 FAS를 제거함으로써 만들어졌다. Hexagonal ZnO rod는 LPD법에 의하여 ZnO seed 층이 코팅된 유리 기판 위에 수직으로 성장되었다. 침적시간이 증가함에 따라 ZnO rod의 직경과 두께는 증가하였다. 제조된 ZnO 박막의 표면구조, 두께, 결정구조, 투과율과 접촉각은 FE-SEM, XRD, UV-vis와 contact angle meter를 이용하여 측정하였다. $20^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$의 접촉각을 갖는 친수 ZnO 박막은 FAS 표면 처리에 의해 $145^{\circ}{\sim}161^{\circ}$의 접촉각을 갖는 표면으로 바뀌었다. 제조된 발수 표면은 $300\;{\mu}m$, 3 mm의 dot size를 갖는 shadow mask를 이용하여 자외선을 조사하여 패터닝 되었다. 최종적으로 자외선이 조사된 발수 표면은 친수 표면으로 바뀌었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.218-218
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• 2013

We report a simple and cost-effective method to fabricate transparent superhydrophobic surface on various substrates. The surface was fabricated by coating hydrophobic PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) film on the silica nanoparticle and subsequent fixing of the hydrophobic silica nanoparticles onto substrates. The water contact angle for the prepared surface was determined to be over $150^{\circ}$, whichindicates that the surface is highly repellent to water. The hierarchical structure and roughness of the surface were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, transparency of the prepared surface was measured with UV-VIS spectrometer. The transmittance of the superhydrophobic surface was ~80%, which is lower than that without PDMS-coated silica by only 5 to 10%. It is also notable that the superhydrophobic surface fully recovers its original transmittance after self-cleaning process. Also the PDMS coating is stable under a wide range of pH conditions, UV radiation and salinity conditions, which is essential for the practical use. Moreover, our fabrication method is applicable in large scale production.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2008

We fabricated tetra(5-n-nonyl-8-tert-butyl-2,3-pyrazino[2,3-b]indolo)porphyrazinato copper(II) (Cu-Pc-$C_8$) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. We further investigated the influence of arachidic acid (AA) as a transfer promoter, as well as the effect of dipping speed, on the deposition of the films on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. In the case of pure Cu-Pc-$C_8$ LB deposition on a hydrophilic substrate, the transfer ratio was close to one for up-stroke depositions, but the previously deposited film was peeled off and re-spread onto water at down-stroke depositions. Whereas the stability of the Cu-Pc-$C_8$ LB films was not improved by AA addition on hydrophilic substrates, the deposition of Cu-Pc-$C_8$ was significantly improved by the presence of AA on a hydrophobic substrate. The AA-assisted deposition had transfer ratio of close to 1 and was essentially stable up to 10-layer depositions. Comparison of the UV-visible spectrum of a Cu-Pc-$C_8$/AA LB film with that of Cu-Pc-$C_8$/AA solution in dichloroethane revealed that the Soret and Q bands for the Cu-Pc-$C_8$/AA LB film were broadened and red-shifted due to the aggregation of phthalocyanines upon assembly in the LB film.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.113-123
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• 1988

A series of water-soluble polyparacyclophanes bearing two diphenylmethane or two diphenyl ether skeletons were investigated to develop useful host compounds by using 1-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate (ANS) and 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS) as fluorescent hydrophobic substrates in aqueous solution. It was noteworthy that remarkable fluorescent enhancements and blue shifts of ANS and TNS were observed only in the presence of 1,6,20,25-tetraaza[6.1.6.1] paracyclophane (CPM 44) and 1,6,21,27-tetraaza [7.1.7.1] paracyclophane (CPM 55) for diphenylmethane skeleton, and 1,7,21,27-tetraaza-14,34-dioxa [7.1.7.1] paracyclophane (CPE 55) and 1,8,22,29-tetraaza-15,36-dioxa [8.1.8.1] paracyclophane (CPE 66) for diphenyl ether skeleton, comparing with ${\alpha}-\;and\;{\beta}-cyclodextrins$. However, their acyclic analogues such as 4,4'-dimethylaminodiphenylmethane and 4,4'-dimethylaminodiphenyl ether, and paracyclophanes whose cavities were smaller showed only small effects under the same conditions. These facts suggested that hosts and substrates were in an intimate contact which would not occur without larger structures, and thus that guest molecules were strongly incorporated in the hydrophobic cavities of these larger paracyclophanes. The effects of pH on the fluorescent intensity of ANS-CPM 44, ANS-CPM 55, ANS-CPE 55, ANS-CPE 66, TNS-CPM 44, TNS-CPM 55, TNS-CPE 55 and TNS-CPE 66 systems were not significant below pH 2.0, but their fluorescent intensities were markedly reduced with increasing ionic strength.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2008

MJ0684 from Methanococcus jannaschii is a hypothetical protein belonging to the subfamily Ig of amino acid aminotransferases. In the present study, the crystal structure of MJ0684 has been determined at 2.2 resolution. It reveals that MJ0684 has an overall structure similar to subfamily Ig aminotransferases and its active site architecture is most similar to that of kynurenine aminotransferases among several kinds of aminotransferases in the subfamily Ig?. It has two hydrophobic active site residues conserved in the kynurenine aminotransferases for recognizing hydrophobic substrates. In addition, the absence of any basic residue for recognizing the side chain carboxylic group of the aspartate in the active site rules out the possibility that MJ0684 would act as an aspartate aminotransferase. These structural observations collectively imply that MJ0684 is a novel archaeal homolog of the subfamily Ig kynurenine aminotransferase.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2010

Surface properties of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) films fabricated by rf-magnetron sputtering system with UV surface treatment were investigated to increase water contact angle for their hydrophobic property. We found that the surface morphology and water contact angles of PTFE film modified as a function of the UV treatment times using UV-irradiation were influenced. The water contact angle of PTFE film with optimized UV treatment time for 15 minute showed a high hydrophobicity compared with the film without any surface treatment. We thought that it was due to the energy change of PTFE surface with an adhesion improvement to the glass surface as a smoothing a rough surface with needle-shape and/or the enhancement of an interface property as a removing some defects on the surface like a cleaning effect.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.123-123
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• 2009

In our experiment, a PTFE was sputter-coated on substrates to induce water-repellent properties and the RF-magnetron sputtering method for fabrication of PTFE film is used due to the advantages of the simple process, time saving, environmentally friendly, insulating property, and a good adhesion property to substrates. As a result of the correlation between surface roughness of PTFE films and contact angle with water, we found that the roughness surfaces are proportioned to contact angles related to low interfacial energy.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.266-270
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• 2010

The effect of an Ar plasma treatment on polycarbonate substrates was investigated using $TiO_2$ coatings produced by reactive ion-beam assisted sputtering. The typical pressure used during sputtering was about $10^{-4}$ Torr. After the Ar plasma treatment, the contact angle of a water droplet was reduced from $88^{\circ}$ to $52^{\circ}$ and then further decreased to $12^{\circ}$ with the addition of oxygen into the chamber. The surface of the polycarbonate substrate hanged from hydrophobic to hydrophilic with these treatments and revealed its changing nano-scale roughness. The $TiO_2$ films on the treated surface showed various colors and periodic ordering dependant on the film thickness due to optical interference.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권1호
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• pp.882-885
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• 2007

This study discussed the effect of ink adhesion on color filter glass after different kinds of plasma treatment. From contact angle analysis, we could get different ink adhesion results after HMDSZ, $O_2$, IPA, and $CF_4$ plasma treatment. Substrates after PFMCH plasma treatment have good surface hydrophobic property, and contact angle raise from $<10^{\circ}\;to\;50^{\circ}$.