• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.147-149
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• 2022

This paper proposes a state machine design methodology in which an interactive robot that mimics discrete trial training (DTT protocol) can support social interaction training for children with autism. The robot applied to social interaction training uses the response to the provided training stimulus as a quantitative indicator by processing the data received from the sensors measuring the behavioral response of the child. In this process, the state machine is used as information that classifies the state of the acquired data and provides the subsequent stimulus for DTT protocol. Through the joint attentional training, it can be used as evidence-based treatment information by quantitatively classifying the data on the number of sustainable and DTT protocol and the child's response, as well as the current reaction status of the child to the observer performing remote monitoring. At the same time, it was confirmed that it is possible to properly respond to misrecognition situations.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2011

Background : Prevalence of spasticity because of stroke are 40% patients after 12 month. Spasticity caused decrease of range of motor, motor function, and active daily living. Electroacupuncture widely used stroke. But it is been studied by systematic review between spasticity and electroacupuncture. This study is aimed to efficacy of electroacupuncture for spasticity because of stroke. Methods : We had used pubmed(www.pubmed.com) and cochrane library(www.thecochranelibrary.com) database. Limits are'human','randomized controlled trial'and'all adult 19+ years'in pubmed. The period was until 15, september, 2011. We used MeSH(Medical Subject Headings terms. The search words were'stroke'[mesh],'muscle spasticity'[mesh and 'electroacupuncture'[mesh]. In cochrane library, we used spasticity and electroacupuncture in cochrane library. We found 19 studies. But only 3 studies were included for inclusion criteria. Results : The appropriate 3 studies were different from subject, acupoint, duration of treatment, endpoint and etc. But these studies were effective for spasticity because of stroke. Conclusion : These studies were not meta analysis because of heterogeneity. But the above results might explain the electroacupuncture were effective for spasticity and further study needed to verify and standard electroacupuncture study for spasticity.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.1414-1425
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• 2023

Objective: Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) exert positive effects on human health. The long chain n-3 PUFA of pork can be increased by adding fish oil to the diet. Due to the cost and availability of fish oil an alternative source must be found. Methods: This study evaluated the effect of five dietary oils on meat quality, fatty acid composition and lipid stability. The five diets contained 1% palm oil (Control), 1% soya oil, 1% linseed oil, 1% fish oil, and 1% Echium oil, respectively. The trial consisted of 60 gilts, randomly allocated to five groups. Results: All color parameters, extractable fat content, fat free dry matter, and moisture content of the m. longissimus muscle were unaffected by dietary treatment. Consumers and a trained sensory panel could not detect a difference between the control samples and the Echium oil sample during sensory analysis. Samples containing higher levels of PUFA (soya, linseed, fish, and Echium oil) had higher levels of primary and secondary lipid oxidation products after refrigerated and frozen storage. However, these values were still well below the threshold value where off flavors can be detected. The Echium oil treatment had significantly higher levels of long chain PUFA than the linseed oil treatment, but it was still significantly lower than that of the fish oil treatment. Conclusion: Echium oil supplementation did not increase the levels of n-3 to the same extent as fish oil did. The result did however suggest that Echium oil can be used in pig diets to improve muscle long chain n-3 fatty acid content without any adverse effects on meat quality when compared to linseed, soya, and palm oil.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.26.1-26.15
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate the cryopreservation process of dental pulp mesenchymal stromal cells and whether cryopreservation is effective in promoting cell viability and recovery. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the research question was determined using the population, exposure, comparison, and outcomes strategy. Electronic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, LILACS, and SciELO databases and in the gray literature (dissertations and thesis databases and Google Scholar) for relevant articles published up to March 2019. Clinical trial studies performed with dental pulp of human permanent or primary teeth, containing concrete information regarding the cryopreservation stages, and with cryopreservation performed for a period of at least 1 week were included in this study. Results: The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 185 publications. After the application of the eligibility criteria, 21 articles were selected for a qualitative analysis. Conclusions: The cryopreservation process must be carried out in 6 stages: tooth disinfection, pulp extraction, cell isolation, cell proliferation, cryopreservation, and thawing. In addition, it can be inferred that the use of dimethyl sulfoxide, programmable freezing, and storage in liquid nitrogen are associated with a high rate of cell viability after thawing and a high rate of cell proliferation in both primary and permanent teeth.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify metabolic biomarkers and investigate changes in intestinal microbiota in the feces of healthy participants following administration of Lactococcus lactis GEN-001. GEN-001 is a single-strain L. lactis strain isolated from the gut of a healthy human volunteer. The study was conducted as a parallel, randomized, phase 1, open design trial. Twenty healthy Korean males were divided into five groups according to the GEN-001 dosage and dietary control. Groups A, B, C, and D1 received 1, 3, 6, and 9 GEN-001 capsules (1 × 10¹¹ colony forming units), respectively, without dietary adjustment, whereas group D2 received 9 GEN-001 capsules with dietary adjustment. All groups received a single dose. Fecal samples were collected 2 days before GEN-001 administration to 7 days after for untargeted metabolomics and gut microbial metagenomic analyses; blood samples were collected simultaneously for immunogenicity analysis. Levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and tryptophan were significantly increased at 5-6 days after GEN-001 administration when compared with predose levels. Compared with predose, the relative abundance (%) of Parabacteroides and Alistipes significantly decreased, whereas that of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus increased; Lactobacillus and tryptophan levels were negatively correlated. A single administration of GEN-001 shifted the gut microbiota in healthy volunteers to a more balanced state as evidenced by an increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus, and higher levels of the metabolites that have immunogenic properties.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2024

Milk, which is often referred to as a healthy beverage, is the first food encountered at birth. During digestion, A1-type milk often leads to digestive disorders due to increased levels of 𝛽-casomorphin-7. It also tends to induce inflammatory responses in the gut immune system by altering the gut microbiota and triggering conditions such as diabetes and respiratory hypersensitivity. In contrast, A2-type milk is gaining attention because of fewer associated problems than A1 milk and its unique functional benefits. However, information on the efficacy of A2 milk relies primarily on limited clinical and animal trial data, and substantiating its efficacy and functional superiority remains a challenge. Therefore, various studies, including research on the distinctive efficacy and functions of A2 milk compared with conventional A1 milk and investigations into the mechanisms underlying its effects on human health following consumption, are necessary in the future.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2024

Background: Several studies have found an association between cervical spinal mobilizations (CSMob) and cervical spinal manipulations (CSM) on pain perception, disability, and satisfaction. However, choosing the proper technique continues to be a challenge for many practitioners. Objectives: To study the effects of a single session of cervical spinal mobilization versus cervical spinal manipulation on pain, disability, and satisfaction. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Methods: 36 subjects with acute and non-specific mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups (CSMob, CSM, or control). Outcome measures using the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Pain Rate Scale (NPRS), and Global Rate of Change (GROC) were quantified at baseline, 5-minutes post, and 4 days post corresponding intervention. Results: The CSM group showed significant increase in GROC (p=0.025) compared to the CSMob and control groups (p=0.472 and p=0.176 respectively) over time. There was a significant decrease in NPRS for the CSM and CSMob groups (p=0.002 and p=<0.001) and a non-significant decrease in NPRS (p=0.642) in the control group over time. Similarly, there was a significant decrease in NDI for the CSM and CSMob groups (p=<0.001 and p=<0.001) and a non-significant decrease in NDI (p=0.084) in the control group over time. Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that skilled manual therapy interventions can be a viable and effective treatment option for reducing neck pain, disability, and perceived favorable change following a single session on subjects with acute, non-specific mechanical neck pain.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.285-295
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• 2024

Background: In human dentition, the most commonly impacted teeth are the mandibular third molars (M3M). The removal or extraction of these teeth often causes anxiety in patients due to the perceived pain involved in the process. Therefore, pain must be effectively managed using anesthesia. The use of newer local anesthetic drugs can help minimize side effects and drug interactions. Traditionally, adrenaline is used as a vasoconstrictor along with lignocaine. When combined with lignocaine, the alpha agonists dexmedetomidine and clonidine can extend the duration of anesthesia, thereby reducing the need for additional pain-relieving medications. Methods: This study used a randomized, triple-blind, parallel-arm design. Sixty patients were screened, and 45 systemically healthy patients requiring unilateral surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars with similar difficulty (moderate-to-difficult according to the Modified Pederson's Index) were included in the study. Patients were allocated into three groups as follows: Group A: 2% Lignocaine Hydrochloride with 1:100,000 Adrenaline, Group C: 2% Lignocaine Hydrochloride with 15 ㎍/mL Clonidine, and Group D: 2% Lignocaine Hydrochloride with 1 ㎍/mL Dexmedetomidine. The evaluated parameters were the time of onset of anesthesia, depth of anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters, and duration of postoperative analgesia. Results: Group D had a faster onset of action and prolonged duration of postoperative analgesia compared with Groups A and C. No statistically significant differences were observed between the three groups in terms of the depth of anesthesia and hemodynamic parameters. Conclusion: Group D exhibited a significantly more rapid onset of anesthesia than Groups A and C, and the postoperative analgesic effect in Group D was significantly prolonged (7.22 hours) compared with that in Groups A (4.54 hours) and C (2.1 hours). Patients receiving the Group D solution experienced an extended period of comfort without the need for analgesics for up to 7.22 hours post-procedure.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.186-200
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• 2024

Meta-analyses have been conducted with conflicting results on this topic. Due to missing several eligible studies in previous meta-analysis by Lam et al., we conducted an extensive systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in this regard. A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar, until November 2023. Based on the analysis of 33 studies comprising 2,047 individuals, it was found that there was a significant increase in body weight for each 1 g/day increase in omega-3 lipids (standardized MD [SMD], 0.52 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31, 0.73; I² = 95%; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation [GRADE] = low). Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids did not yield a statistically significant impact on body mass index (BMI) (SMD, 0.12 kg/m²; 95% CI, -0.02, 0.27; I² = 79%; GRADE = very low), lean body mass (LBM) (SMD, -0.02 kg; 95% CI, -0.43, 0.39; I² = 97%; GRADE = very low), fat mass (SMD, 0.45 kg; 95% CI, -0.25, 1.15; I² = 96%; GRADE = low), and body fat (SMD, 0.30%; 95% CI, -0.90, 1.51; I² = 96%; GRADE = very low). After excluding 2 studies, the findings were significant for BMI. Regarding the results of the dose-response analysis, body weight increased proportionally by increasing the dose of omega-3 supplementation up to 4 g/day. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation can improve body weight, but not BMI, LBM, fat mass, or body fat in cancer patients; large-scale randomized trials needed for more reliable results.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.38
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• pp.75-124
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• 2013

This study aims, by paying attention to the special values of records of Constitutional Court, to discuss the characteristics of them and figuring out their present state, and to suggest some measures for improvement in the records management. First of all, I defined the concept of the records of Constitutional Court and its scope, and made an effort to comprehend their types and distinct features, and on the basis of which I tried to grasp the characteristics of the records. Put simply, the records of Constitutional Court are essential records indispensible to the application of Constitutional Court's documentation strategy of them, and they are valuable particularly at the level of the taking-root of democracy and the guarantee of human rights in a country. Owing to their characteristics of handling nationally important events, also, the context of the records is far-reaching to the records of other constitutional institutions and administrations, etc. In the second place, I analyzed Records Management Present State. At a division stage, I grasped the present state of creation, registration, and classification system of records. At an archives repository stage, I made efforts to figure out specifically the perseveration of records and the present of state of using them. On the basis of such figuring-outs of the present situation of records of Constitutional Court, I pointed at problems in how to manage them and suggested some measures to improve it in accordance with the problems, by dividing its process into four, Infrastructure, Process, Opening to the public and Application. In the infrastructure process, after revealing problems in its system, facilities, and human power, I presented some ways to improve it. In terms of its process, by focusing on classification and appraisal, I pointed out problems in them and suggested alternatives. In classification, I suggested to change the classification structure of trial records; in appraisal, I insisted on reconsidering the method of appropriating the retention periods of administration records, for it is not correspondent with reality in which, even in an file of a event, there are several different retention periods so it is likely for the context of the event worryingly to be segmented. In opening to the public and application, I pointed at problems in information disclosure at first, and made a suggestion of the establishment of a wide information disclosure law applicable to all sort of records. In application, I contended the expansion of the possibility of application of records and the scope of them through cooperation with other related-institutions.