• 대기
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.439-450
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• 2019

Present weather plays an important role not only for atmospheric sciences but also for public welfare and road safety. While the widely used state-of-the-art visibility and present weather sensor yields present weather, a single type of measurement is far from perfect to replace long history of human-eye based observation. Truly automatic present weather observation enables us to increase spatial resolution by an order of magnitude with existing facilities in Korea. 8 years of human-eyed present weather records in 19 sites over Korea are compared with visibility sensors and auxiliary measurements, such as humidity of AWS. As clear condition agrees with high probability, next best categories follow fog, rain, snow, mist, haze and drizzle in comparison with human-eyed observation. Fog, mist and haze are often confused due to nature of machine sensing visibility. Such ambiguous weather conditions are improved with empirically induced criteria in combination with visibility and humidity. Differences between instrument manufacturers are also found indicating nonstandard present weather decision. Analysis shows manufacturer dependent present weather differences are induced by manufacturer's own algorithms, not by visibility measurement. Accuracies of present weather for haze, mist, and fog are all improved by 61.5%, 44.9%, and 26.9% respectively. The result shows that automatic present weather sensing is feasible for operational purpose with minimal human interactions if appropriate algorithm is applied. Further study is ongoing for impact of different sensing types between manufacturers for both visibility and present weather data.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(5)
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• pp.185-188
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• 2002

This paper proposes a view direction-based human computer interface(HCI) system using image observation and EMG signal. CCD camera is available for observation relatively small angular view direction. Large angle is recognized by measuring EMG signal of the sternocleidomastoideus, because it is difficult to detect the large angular view direction by CCD observation. From experimental results, we show the proposed HCI system is useful for the disabled.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.349-352
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• 2007

The Fourth Assessment Report of IPCC predicted that global warming is already happening and it should be caused from the increase of greenhouse gases by the extension of human activities. These global changes will give a serious influence for human society. Global environment can be monitored by the earth observation using satellite. For the observation of global climate change and resolving the global warming process, satellite should be useful equipment and its detecting data contribute to social benefits effectively. JAXA (former NASDA) has made a new plan of the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) for monitoring of global environmental change. SGLI (Second Generation GLI) onboard GCOM-C (Climate) satellite, which is one of this mission, provides an optical sensor from Near-DV to TIR. Characteristic specifications of SGLI are as follows; 1) 250 m resolutions over land and area along the shore, 2) Three directional polarization observation (red and NIR), and 3) 500 m resolutions temperature over land and area along shore. These characteristics are useful in many fields of social benefits. For example, multi-angular observation and 250 m high frequency observation give new knowledge in monitoring of land vegetation. It is expected that land products with land aerosol information by polarization observation are improved remarkably. We are studying these possibilities by ground data and satellite data.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2024

의공학은 의학 및 생물학적 이해를 바탕으로 공학적 기술을 이용하여 인체 질병을 진단하고 치료하는 학문이다. 올바른 의공학 교육을 위해서는 교육과정에 의학용어, 인체해부학, 인체 생리학 등의 교육이 필요하지만 학생들은 이들 의학 기초 과목들을 암기 과목이라는 선입견을 가지고 있다. 이러한 학생들의 선입견을 해소시키기 위해서는 다양한 교육방법을 개발하여 학생들이 기초의학 과목들에 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 의학용어 과목에 인체 반신 해부 모형의 관찰 실습을 도입하여 학습 효과를 높이는 방법을 제시한다. 인체 반신 모형은 여러가지 장기가 조립되어 있는 형태이며 하나씩 분해하면서 관찰할 수 있다. 본 관찰 실습은 머리, 목, 가슴, 복부 부위의 장기들에 대한 질문으로 구성하여 학생들이 조별로 답을 찾아가도록 구성하였다. 학생들은 실습 후 이 실습이 학습동기를 유발하고 강의의 이해를 쉽게 해 주었다고 평가하였다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2010

The skin is the largest organ of the integument system whose surface is closely related with many physiological and pathological conditions. Various methods are used to understand the structural and functional status of human skin. We would like to present usefulness of scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation of skin replica and its significance of training module for a novice. The silicon replicas from several regions of the body (hand, finger, forearm, lip, and face) were casted by applying Exafine$^{(R)}$ mixture. The positive replicas were prepared by applying EPON 812 mixture on negative silicon replicas. Some of the negative silicon replicas were cut with a razor blade and surface profiles were observed. The negative and positive replicas were coated with platinum and were observed under the scanning electron microscope. We could investigate the detailed structures of the human skin surface without any physical damage to the subject. The positive replicas depicted real surface structure of the human skin vividly. The cross sectional view of the negative silicon replicas provided surface profile clearly. The scanning electron microscopic observation of the human skin replicas would be useful to study skin surface structures and to evaluate medical and esthetical applications.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.54-69
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• 1996

The purpose of this vitro study was to evaluate attachment and proliferation of human pulpal cells to the attachment glycoprotein-coated and non-coated culture dishes. Well known adhesive glycoproteins were used, such as type I collagen, type IV collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and vitronection. Each adhesive glycoproteins applied onto the culture dishes. In this study, the protein coated and non-coated dishes were classified as each groups. Human pulpal cells onto each culture dishes. After 90 minute, 4 hour and 24 hour incubation attached cells in each group were counted with hematocytometer for evaluation of the attachemnt of human pulpal cells. The configurations of attached human pulpal cells were done by SEM observation. The results as follows : 1. After 90 minute incubation the score of attachment of human pulpal cells was best in laminin-coated group among groups. Then fibronectin, type IV collagen group were better, and all proteins were higher than control. 2. After 4 hour incubation the numbers of attachment of human pulpal cells were most in fibronectin coated group. 3. After 24 hour incubation all of adhesive glycoproteins showed high and similar attachemtn effect to human pulpal cells. 4. In SEM observation, fibronectin and type IV collagen groups showed well spreaded human pulpal cells, then laminin group was moderately spreaded, and vitronectin group was mildly spreaded as well as control group.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.493-498
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 옵저버를 이용한 크레인 작업자의 작업오류 검출에 관한 연구로서 작업오류를 검출할 수 있는 옵저버 설계 및 시뮬레이션에 의한 검증을 다루었다. 먼저, 본 연구에서는 크레인 작업자 모델에 대해 옵저버를 제안하였으며, 제안된 옵저버에 대한 이론적 증명을 통하여 작업 오류를 검출할 수 있음을 보였다. 시뮬레이션에서는 종래의 연구결과인 크레인 작업자 모델을 기초로 작업자 모델을 구현하였으며, 이때 작업 오류는 작업자의 부주위에 의한 오류로 가정하여 시뮬레이션을 행하였다. 이 결과, 본 연구에서 제안한 옵저버에 의해 작업 오류의 검출이 완벽히 이루어짐을 보였고 이에 본 연구에서 제안한 옵저버의 유효성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2012

Purpose: This study attempted to describe the essential structure of nursing students' experiences as observers of human body dissection. Methods: The research was undertaken as qualitative research. The data was collected through written sources of 169 students majoring in nursing. The analysis of data was made using the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Colaizzi (1978). Results: In this study, five categories of themes emerged. They were: 'unfamiliar wait','standing at the edge of chaos','growth through reflection', 'be immersed in practice', 'winging to be a nurse'. Conclusion: This study will prove helpful not only in understanding nursing students' observation experiences of human body dissection but also in describing their needs for systematic and emotional support.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2006

In assessing risks related to working posture, pictures of postures are taken from various directions, which can be a source of observation error. Joint postures of the neck, lower back, knee, shoulder, and elbow were taken from 7 different viewing angles and 19 observers estimated joint angles by observing the pictures in 2-dimensional display. The joint angles were also measured using an optoelectronic motion measurement system. The estimation error increased as the viewing angle varies from the right side of the human body, but the patterns differ according to which joint angles were being observed. Guidelines to increase the validity of observation of joint angles were presented based on the results. In general, it is recommended to maintain the viewing angle within 20 degrees from the right side of the human body, while different ranges of viewing angle are recommended for each joint angle.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.57-58
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• 2023

Through accurate observation and the results of experimental studies using great apes, the author tells us exactly what we have not known about human communication. The author persuasively conveys to the reader the grand history of developing from great apes' gestures to human gestures, to human speech. Given that great apes and human gestures were the origin of human voice language, we have once again realized that our language is, after all, an "embodied language."