• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.262-275
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• 2024

In Indonesia, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren and Cryptotermes cyanocephalus Light termite attacks can damage wood and causing losses of 8.7 trillion rupiah per year. Wood treatment and soil barrier are very important to protect structures and their components from termite infestation. The application of synthetic chemicals that pose risks to the environment and human health. The growing movement to replace these chemicals with new termiticides that are safe for the environment in place of persistent organic pollutants. Efficacy performance in entomopathogenic fungi spores such as that produce decanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, and octadecadienoic acid are potential compounds that provide for ecofriendly termite control. Entomopathogenic fungal spores from Metarhizium anisopliae, Trichoderma harzianum, and Beauveria bassiana, as the active ingredient were formulated with nanocellulose was added as an inert ingredient to which helped to deliver the active ingredients on controlling the target pest, and enhance the utility ability of the product fungi to control termites. The mortality of these termites successively entomopathogenic fungi was the main cause of death. The higher concentrations being associated with of nanocellulose used affect increased the number of termites mortality. M. anisopliae paired with 60% nanocellulose concentrate was the best percentage for yielded the greatest C. curvignathus and C. cynocephalus termite control. In the field testing, M. anisopliae provided better, it showed the finest result of termite control rather than B. bassiana and T. harzianum. The results of the research indicate that entomopathogenic fungi can be used for Pest Control Management as the subterranean termite and drywood termite control.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.239-268
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• 2023

Humanity has faced destruction(chaos) due to catastrophes (Covid-19, war, earthquake) and awaits a new restoration. For civilizations and individuals, creation or creativity is essential to psychic development. Creativity is the driving force that renews an individual when a new stance and attitude of consciousness or a new adaptation to reality is desperately needed in the depth of the human mind. This article is the result of an exploration of the nature and characteristics of creativity presented by a series of four dreams. First, the definition and form of creativity were explored in the context of religion, mythology, and history of Eastern and Western. While Western mythology refers to creation or creativity originating from God, ancient China viewed creativity as expressed through the interaction of yin and yang, the movement of Tao. In East and West, the form of creation is divided into creation from nothing, creation from matter, and creation through dissolution from the matrix, which psychologically suggests that creativity or creation originates from the unconscious, the seedbed of infinite potential and creative power. Next, with insights from the second dream, the characteristics of creativity were discussed. Creativity occurs through transcendent function and 'going beyond the frame of reference,' that is, 'transgressivity.' Third, the nature of creativity was explored as the creativity of the unconscious aims for regeneration and drives the renewal of Self archetypal images within the collective and individuals. Ultimately, the creativity of the unconscious is the goal of the whole psyche and aims for individuation to become the whole. Realizing the creativity of the unconscious is the fate of humans as the second creator.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.253-266
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of facility safety design components of children's swimming pool facilities on parents' satisfaction and psychological stability. A total of 13 facilities used 324 out of 360 people collected through field visits as final research materials to achieve their goals. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of eight experts, including one administrator, three professors, one reporter, and three researchers. The following results were obtained using the IBM SPSS Statistics Ver. 24 statistical package: First, the facility safety design component factors affect the satisfaction of parents. Second, the factors of facility safety design components affect psychological stability. Third, parents' satisfaction factors affect psychological stability. Fourth, the facility safety design plan for children's swimming facilities is a total of four categories, suggesting 12 measures, including basic safety manual installation, use of mobile movement buffers, use of lane hypothetical steps, and up to 3:1 lessons for beginners.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.389-399
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• 2008

Corrections of attenuation, scatter and resolution are important in order to improve the accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image reconstruction. Especially, the heart movement by respiration and beating cause the errors in the corrections. Myocardial phantom is used to verify the correction methods, but there are many different parts in the current phantoms in actual human body. Therefore the results using a phantom are often considered apart from the clinical data. We developed a new phantom that implements the human body structure around the thorax more faithfully. The new phantom has the small mediastinum which can simulate the structure in which the lung adjoins anterior, lateral and apex of myocardium. The container was made of acrylic and water-equivalent material was used for mediastinum. In addition, solidified polyurethane foam in epoxy resin was used for lung. Five different sizes of myocardium were developed for the quantitative gated SPECT (QGS). The septa of all different cardiac phantoms were designed so that they can be located at the same position. The proposed phantom was attached with liver and gallbladder, the adjustment was respectively possible for the height of them. The volumes of five cardiac ventricles were 150.0, 137.3, 83.1, 42.7 and 38.6ml respectively. The SPECT were performed for the new phantom, and the differences between the images were examined after the correction methods were applied. The three-dimensional tomography of myocardium was well reconstructed, and the subjective evaluations were done to show the difference among the various corrections. We developed the new cardiac and torso phantom, and the difference of various corrections was shown on SPECT images and QGS results.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.403-412
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• 2016

The tight junction, one of Intercellular junctions, performs a variety of biological functions by bonding adjacent cells, including the barrier function to control the movement of the electrolyte and water. Recent studies have revealed that unusual expression of tight junction-related genes have been shown to be related in cancer development and progression. Recently, there are many reports that control of tight junction proteins expression is closely related to the skin moisture. In this study, we are focusing on the regulating mechanism of tight junction-associated genes by the steviol and its derivatives. Steviol, used as a sweetner, is known to chemical compound isolated from stevia plant. The MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) assay was carried out in HaCaT cells (human keratinocyte cell line) in order to determine the cytotoxicity. As a result, while steviol showing cytotoxicity from $250{\mu}M$, steviol derivatives are not cytotoxic more than $250{\mu}M$ concentration. We have observed a change in the tight junction protein via quantitative real-time PCR. Claudin 8 among tight junction proteins is only significantly reduced up to 30% in the presence of steviol. In addition, cell migration was inhibited by steviol, not by stevioside and rebaudioside. Finally, we could observe that steviol, not stevioside and rebaudioside, is able to increase the skin barrier permeability through the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) measurements. These results suggest that the steviol and its derivatives are specifically acts on the tight junction related gene expression, but steviol derivatives are more suitable as a cosmetic material.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.72-85
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• 2009

This study attempts to examine the principles of landscape composition for a 'Suhwon(書院)' and the meaning and value of its traditional landscape architecture, in order to apply the results to the design of modern landscape architecture. A 'Suhwon' is a vital space containing the form and meaning of human activity. This study analyzes the characteristics of landscape composition in the construction of the Namgea Suhwon, located in Hamyang, by examining the form and meaning of its area and composition. The Namgea Suhwon was constructed with a suitable configuration and harmony in a good location, neither field nor mountain, and which encompasses transcendence and a return after passage through a period of birth and abundance. Its appearance means 'life existence and hidden death(生居死幽)'. Its spatial system is a reflection of the idea of Samshinoje(三神五帝: The three abilities of Providence and its five subjects) connected with Ilsangje -Samshin -Ohje. It was built based on the idea of Biryebudong(非禮不動) meaning that one should follow only good decorum and avoid discourtesy, complying with "the frame of decorum" developed by the family rites of Chu Hsi. The environmental design of the Namgea Suhwon was interrupted by the material confrontation between mountains and water and a binary code system, such as front to rear, length to breadth, and movement to stillness. The design did not adhere to stiff axes, but pursued the harmonic principles of asymmetric balance in the building and the yard, which are very naturalistic. The name 'Namgea Suhwon' is closely related with the view of placement(置) and harmony(和), which are unified with the function and meaning formed by connecting Sung Confucianism with the Pungsu-Sasinsa structure in the layout of the grounds. When examining the D/H ratio of the building and yard, it can be seen that the spaces of Ganghak, Yusang and Jehyang were built appropriately, according to the natural characteristics of each space, such as a sense of openness, enclosure, tension, relief, enhancement, and hierarchical order. The spaces also reflect human scale concepts that take advantage of auditory features. The transition process after the construction of 'Namgea Suhwon' reveals the intentions of the builder to create an ecological landscape composition based on Placement and Harmony. Placement embodies' a purposeful space in which nature and the building are connected naturally, 'incomplete open space pursuing completion', and 'potential beauty in which tension and relaxation are repeated'. Harmony embodies 'order and continuity having a sense of unity with the natural environment' and the 'sharing of daily life and memory'. 'Namgea Suhwon' contains many ideas for landscape planning, land use and the design of a campus environment.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

As growing interest in Human-Computer Interaction(HCI), research on HCI has been actively conducted. Also with that, research on Natural User Interface/Natural User eXperience(NUI/NUX) that uses user's gesture and voice has been actively conducted. In case of NUI/NUX, it needs recognition algorithm such as gesture recognition or voice recognition. However these recognition algorithms have weakness because their implementation is complex and a lot of time are needed in training because they have to go through steps including preprocessing, normalization, feature extraction. Recently, Kinect is launched by Microsoft as NUI/NUX development tool which attracts people's attention, and studies using Kinect has been conducted. The authors of this paper implemented hand-mouse interface with outstanding intuitiveness using the physical features of a user in a previous study. However, there are weaknesses such as unnatural movement of mouse and low accuracy of mouse functions. In this study, we designed and implemented a hand mouse interface which introduce a new concept called 'Virtual monitor' extracting user's physical features through Kinect in real-time. Virtual monitor means virtual space that can be controlled by hand mouse. It is possible that the coordinate on virtual monitor is accurately mapped onto the coordinate on real monitor. Hand-mouse interface based on virtual monitor concept maintains outstanding intuitiveness that is strength of the previous study and enhance accuracy of mouse functions. Further, we increased accuracy of the interface by recognizing user's unnecessary actions using his concentration indicator from his encephalogram(EEG) data. In order to evaluate intuitiveness and accuracy of the interface, we experimented it for 50 people from 10s to 50s. As the result of intuitiveness experiment, 84% of subjects learned how to use it within 1 minute. Also, as the result of accuracy experiment, accuracy of mouse functions (drag(80.4%), click(80%), double-click(76.7%)) is shown. The intuitiveness and accuracy of the proposed hand-mouse interface is checked through experiment, this is expected to be a good example of the interface for controlling the system by hand in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.18
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• pp.111-131
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• 1992

This thesis was designed to study Symbolics of Chinese Liturgical Vestments. Chinese who regarded the life of human beings as the combination of heaven and earth considered garments as the traditional product of the movement of nature. Accordingly, they thought human beings are the center of the universe composed by heaven and earth and the chief of all things; therefore man only can utilize clothes to distinguish from all of the colours. This views of clothes led to the development of liturgical vestments esteemed courtesy than anything else, especially the thought of courtesy associated with Conficius who regarded courtesy as the highest things and since then the theory of Five Elements and courtesy were inherited by all the adherents of Conficius. Yin and Yang Five Elements in the liturgical vestments was given absolute symbolics in both formative side and in colourful side. results of research studied in this was can be summed up as follows : 1. The crown of rites was made imitating after the system of head, horn, beard, bread of birds and beasts and that form of crown is front-circ-ular and back-rectangular meant to be towards light and dark. That the upper part of faceplace is black represented the way of heaven and lower part of red symbolized the way of earth. 2. Upper vestment of liturgical rites symbolizes heaven and outskirt represented earth. So front of outskirt is YANG and back is Yin. It is why then are going to harmonize positive and negative making front part three width and back part four width. Therefore, emperor who symbolizes heaven made the subjects recognize high and low and wore Dae-gu(大 ), Kon-bok(袞服), Bel-bok, Chui-bok, and Hyonbok according to the object and position of rites so that he may rule the country based on courtesy. 3. As an accessory of liturgical vestments, Bul, Pae-ok, Su, Dae-dai, Hyok-Dai, Kyu, and Hol were used. Before Bul was used man dressed skirt as the first waist-dress in order to conceal intimate part of the body. Pae-ok, as decoration blended with jade was worn by men of virtue, so men of virtue symbolized morality and virtue by Pae-ok. Su began from Yeok, connected with Pae-su , in Chou-dynasty is said to be originated by practical needs and they are divided into large Su and small su, and maintained as decoration to signify the class positions. Dae-dai did the work as not to loose the liturgical vestments and leather belt hang Bul and Su to begin as the function of practical use are in later years it became decoration to symboliz e the class position. Kyu was a jade used when empeor nominated feudal lords and observe ceremony to God and Hol, was held in hands to record everything not to forget. These Kyu and Hol became to offer courtesy during the time of rites and in later years it became used according to class position rather than practical use. 4. As far as colours are concerned, colours based by five colours according to YIN-YANG Five Elements theory and they were divided into a primary colour and a secondary colours. Primary colours corresponded with the theory of Five Elements each other, Blue, Red, Tellow, White, and Black symbolized ive Elements, five hour space, five directions, and five emperors. Secondary colours contradict with Blue, Red, Yellow, White and Black and another as a primary colour and they are Green, Scaret, Indigo, Violet, Hun colour, Chu colour, and Chi colour. This primary colour was used in liturgical vestments, that is, upper-vestments used black colour. This primary colour was used in liturgical vestments, that is, upper-vestments used black colour as primary colour and outskirt was used Hun colour as secondary colours. Thus symbolism in chinese liturgical vestments mainly began with heaven and earth and corresponded with YIN-YANG Five Elements Scool. They were developed as the scholary theory and Conficius and his followers in the later days and continued up to Min-dynasty.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2000

In the age of global communication, more human exchange is extended at the grass-roots level. In the old days, language policy and language planning was based on one nation-state with one language. But high waves of globalizaiton have allowed extended human flow of exchange beyond one's national border on a daily basis. Under such circumstances, homogeneity in Japan may not allow Japanese to speak and communicate only in Japanese and only with Japanese people. In Japan, an advisory report was made to the Ministry of Education in June 1996 about what education should be like in the 21st century. In this report, an introduction of English at public elementary schools was for the first time made. A basic policy of English instruction at the elementary school level was revealed. With this concept, English instruction is not required at the elementary school level but each school has their own choice of introducing English as their curriculum starting April 2002. As Baker, Colin (1996) indicates the age of three as being the threshold diving a child becoming bilingual naturally or by formal instruction. Threre is a movement towards making second language acquisition more naturalistic in an educational setting, developing communicative competence in a more or less formal way. From the lesson of the Canadian immersion success, Genesee (1987) stresses the importance of early language instruction. It is clear that from a psycho-linguistic perspective, most children acquire basic communication skills in their first language apparently effortlessly and without systematic and formal instruction during the first six or seven years of life. This innate capacity diminishes with age, thereby making language learning increasingly difficult. The author, being a returnee, experienced considerable difficulty acquiring L2, and especially achieving native-like competence. There will be many hurdles to conquer until Japanese students are able to reach at least a communicative level in English. It has been mentioned that English is not taught to clear the college entrance examination, but to communicate. However, Japanese college entrance examination still makes students focus more on the grammar-translation method. This is expected to shift to a more communication stressed approach. Japan does not have to aim at becoming an official bilingual country, but at least communicative English should be taught at every level in school Mito College is a small two-year co-ed college in Japan. Students at Mito College are basically notgood at English. It has only one department for business and economics, and English is required for all freshmen. It is necessary for me to make my classes enjoyable and attractive so that students can at least get motivated to learn English. My major target is communicative English so that students may be prepared to use English in various business settings. As an experiment to introduce more communicative English, the author has made the following syllabus design. This program aims at training students speak and enjoy English. 90-minute class (only 190-minute session per week is most common in Japanese colleges) is divided into two: The first half is to train students orally using Graded Direct Method. The latter half uses different materials each time so that students can learn and enjoy English culture and language simultaneously. There are no quizes or examinations in my one-academic year program. However, all students are required to make an original English poem by the end of the spring semester. 2-6 students work together in a group on one poem. Students coming to Mito College, Japan have one of the lowest English levels in all of Japan. However, an attached example of one poem made by a group shows that students can improve their creativity as long as they are kept encouraged. At the end of the fall semester, all students are then required individually to make a 3-minute original English speech. An example of that speech contest will be presented at the Convention in Seoul.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2013

During the past decade, many changes and attempts have been tried and are continued developing new technologies in the computing area. The brick wall in computing area, especially power wall, changes computing paradigm from computing hardwares including processor and system architecture to programming environment and application usage. The high performance computing (HPC) area, especially, has been experienced catastrophic changes, and it is now considered as a key to the national competitiveness. In the late 2000's, many leading countries rushed to develop Exascale supercomputing systems, and as a results tens of PetaFLOPS system are prevalent now. In Korea, ICT is well developed and Korea is considered as a one of leading countries in the world, but not for supercomputing area. In this paper, we describe architecture design of MAHA supercomputing system which is aimed to develop 300 TeraFLOPS system for bio-informatics applications like human genome analysis and protein-protein docking. MAHA supercomputing system is consists of four major parts - computing hardware, file system, system software and bio-applications. MAHA supercomputing system is designed to utilize heterogeneous computing accelerators (co-processors like GPGPUs and MICs) to get more performance/$, performance/area, and performance/power. To provide high speed data movement and large capacity, MAHA file system is designed to have asymmetric cluster architecture, and consists of metadata server, data server, and client file system on top of SSD and MAID storage servers. MAHA system softwares are designed to provide user-friendliness and easy-to-use based on integrated system management component - like Bio Workflow management, Integrated Cluster management and Heterogeneous Resource management. MAHA supercomputing system was first installed in Dec., 2011. The theoretical performance of MAHA system was 50 TeraFLOPS and measured performance of 30.3 TeraFLOPS with 32 computing nodes. MAHA system will be upgraded to have 100 TeraFLOPS performance at Jan., 2013.