• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-69
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• 2019

After decades of high-speed development, designing tall buildings as critical components of urban habitat, rather than simply standing aloof from their environments, has become an important concern in many Asian cities. Nevertheless, the lack of quantitative understanding cannot support efficient architectural design or urban renewal that targets better place-making. This study attempts to fill the gap by providing a typological approach for measuring the social impact of tall buildings' ground conditions: that is, public space, podiums, and interfaces. The central business districts (CBD) of three Asian cities, Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore, were selected as cases. Typical patterns and categories of lower-level public spaces among the three CBDs were abstracted via typological analyses and field study. The following evaluation is achieved through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This quantified approach helps to provide a visualization of high or low positive social impacts of tall buildings' lower-level public spaces among the three cases. This study also helps to suggest a design code for tall buildings aimed at a more human-oriented urban habitat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.21-23
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• 2019

This paper aims to develop a VR device prototype for reducing eye fatigue. As VR devices become popular, it is hoped that many cases of eye fatigue will be reported, and that the problems of VR devices will be corrected and repaired for a better future so that the fast speed and dynamic environment of 4th industrial revolution can be enjoyed with ease. In this paper, VR devices with a description of VR devices, eye fatigue related cases, time-out sensor for reducing eye fatigue, and eyeball massage functions were designed, and a VR device prototype was developed. These features can help reduce fatigue even if used for long periods of time by blocking electromagnetic waves harmful to the human body, and the future of VR could develop in the future.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.307-314
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• 2020

In this paper, studies on application cases of machine condition monitoring using oil sensors are reviewed. Owing to rapid industrial advancements, maintenance strategies play a crucial role in reducing the cost of downtime and improving system reliability. Consequently, machine condition monitoring plays an important role in maintaining operation stability and extending the period of usage for various machines. Machine condition monitoring through oil analysis is an effective method for assessing a machine's condition and providing early warnings regarding a machine's breakdown or failure. Among the three prevalent methods, the online analysis method is predominantly employed because this method incorporates oil sensors in real-time and has several advantages (such as prevention of human errors). Wear debris sensors are widely employed for implementing machine condition monitoring through oil sensors. Furthermore, various types of oil sensors are used in different machines and systems. Integrated oil sensors that can measure various oil attributes by incorporating a single sensor are becoming popular. By monitoring wear debris, machine condition monitoring using oil sensors is implemented for engines, automotive transmission, tanks, armored vehicles, and construction equipment. Additionally, such monitoring systems are incorporated in aircrafts such as passenger airplanes, fighter airplanes, and helicopters. Such monitoring systems are also employed in chemical plants and power plants for managing overall safety. Furthermore, widespread application of oil condition diagnosis requires the development of diagnostic programs.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-169
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• 2022

DNA typing is the typical technology in the forensic science and plays a significant role in the personal identification of victims and suspects. Short tandem repeat (STR) is the short tandemly repeated DNA sequence consisting of 2~7 bp DNA units in specific loci. It is disseminated across the human genome and represents polymorphism among individuals. Because polymorphism is a key feature of the application of DNA typing STR analysis, STR analysis becomes the standard technology in forensics. Therefore, the DNA database (DNA-DB) was first introduced with 4 essential STR markers for the application of forensic science; however, the number of STR markers was expanded from 4 to 13 and 13 to 20 later to counteract the continuously increased DNA profile and other needed situations. After applying expanded STR markers to the South Korean DNA-DB system, it positively affected to low copy number analysis that had a high possibility of partial DNA profiles, and especially contributed to the theft cases due to the high portion of touch DNA evidence in the theft case. Furthermore, STR marker expansion not only contributed to the resolution of cold cases but also increased kinship index indicating the potential for improved kinship test accuracy using extended STR markers. Collectively, the expansion of the STR locus was considered to be necessary to keep pace with the continuously increasing DNA profile, and to improve the data integrity of the DNA-DB.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.230-237
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• 2022

It is difficult to predict industrial accidents in the construction industry because many accident factors, such as human-related factors and environment-related factors, affect the accidents. Many studies have analyzed the severity of injuries and types of accidents; however, there were few studies on the prediction of injured body parts. This study aims to develop a classification model to predict the part of the injured body based on accident-related factors. Construction accident cases from June 2018 to July 2021 provided by the Korea Construction Safety Management Integrated Information were collected through web crawling and then preprocessed. A naïve Bayes classifier, one of the supervised learning algorithms, was employed to construct a classification model of the injured body part, which has four categories: 1) torso, 2) upper extremity, 3) head, and 4) lower extremity. The predictor variables are accident type, type of work, facility type, injury source, and activity type. As a result, the average accuracy for each injured body part was 50.4%. The accuracy of the upper extremity and lower extremity was relatively higher than the cases of the torso and head. Unlike the other classifications, such as spam mail filtering, a naïve Bayes classifier does not provide a good classification performance in construction accidents. The reasons are discussed in the study. Based on the results of this study, more detailed guidelines for construction safety management can be provided, which help establish safety measures at the construction site.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.89-93
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• 2023

Parasite infection rates estimated by examining ancient coprolites can provide insights into parasitism in Joseon society. Using newly discovered Joseon period cases is essential to regularly update the parasite infection rates and reinforce the reliability of our previous estimations. In the present study, we investigated parasite infections in Joseon coprolites newly isolated from the cities of Euijeongbu, Gumi, and Wonju. We then updated the overall parasite infection rates of Joseon period samples (n= 30) as follows: 86.7% (26/30) for Trichuris trichiura, 56.7% (17/30) for Ascaris lumbricoides, 30.0% (9/30) for Clonorchis sinensis, and 30.0% (9/30) for Paragonimus westermani. The parasite infection rates in the Joseon society, estimated through coprolite examination, were very similar to those determined previously despite the addition of new cases to the existing data pool.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.19
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• pp.169-179
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• 2015

A Product-Service Systems (PSS) is composed of service and product element to provide values for relevant stakeholders. A typical service interaction involves providers and receivers, and respective values are provided in a social interaction. In cases, more than one providers are interacting with a receiver. In others, service interaction is happening in a public manner where social issues amang peer receivers are important. When service channel is supported by physical touchpoints, receivers would interact with products, which may interact with providers. Thus, in PSS, a various kinds of interactions occur in diverse social contexts. A simple representation method for social contexts is introduced where service providers, receivers and products are represented as nodes and interaction between them are represented as directed edges. Social context of several PSS examples are described with this. In booth designing and operating PSS, social context representations could be used in analyzing and comparing key aspects of social interaction types to retrieve similar cases to exploit related interaction design strategies and operation know-hows.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.276-276
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• 2022

Estuarine dams are constructed for securing freshwater resources, flood control, and improving upstream navigability. However, their impact on estuarine currents, stratification, and sediment fluxes is not well understood. To develop a general understanding, an idealized modeling study was carried out. Tide and river forcing were varied to produce strongly stratified, partially mixed, periodically stratified, and well-mixed estuaries. Each model ran for one year. Next, the models were subject to the construction of an estuarine dam and run for another year. Then, the pre- and post-dam conditions were compared. Results showed that estuarine dams can amplify the tidal range and reduce the tidal currents. The post-dam estuaries tended to be a salt wedge during freshwater discharge and a bay during no freshwater discharge. For all estuaries, the estuarine turbidity maximum moved seaward, and the suspended sediment concentrations tended to decrease. In terms of sediment flux mechanisms, the estuarine dam increased the seaward river runoff for cases with strong river, and increased the landward tidal pumping for cases with strong tides.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 2024

This study aims to understand the experiences of highly educated married immigrant women from China, who hold a master's degree or higher, when selecting an elementary school for their children and to explore the significance of that experience. This study included eight participants, all of whom were married immigrant women who had resided in Korea for a minimum of five years. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, which were conducted over approximately one year, from June 2022 to August 2023. The study was approached as a case study. As a result of this study, the similarities between the cases were "choices based on charactercentered education and cultural convergence", "choices for the child's future and career", and "choices influenced by the primary caregiver's use of bilingualism". The differences observed in the cases appeared in "choices based on the balance between global education ideals and economic realities", "choices based on specialized curriculum content", and "choices based on connections to higher-level schools". This study is important, as it underscores the need to conduct various research initiatives on multinational immigrant women and their children. These findings suggest that the study can contribute to the development of multicultural policies that are grounded in the actual experiences and critical awareness of married Chinese immigrant women, who constitute a substantial part of Korean society.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-140
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• 2019

The Bioethics and Safety Act provides a set of rules to regulate biobanks and research activities using human biological material, but the law seems to be defective in several folds. The law requires that, prior to collection or use of human biological materials, researchers should obtain the informed consent of the donors, but the law does not obligate biobanks to do so. Even in cases where the law requires informed consent, the ordinance of the Ministry of Health and Welfare allows open (or blanket) consent. In addition, a new article in the Act, Article 42-2 which will take effect from October 24, 2019, allows medical institutions to provide biobanks with remaining biospecimens collected in the course of diagnosis and treatment, unless the donors express their intent to opt-out, without obtaining specific consent from them. Given the need to protect the autonomy of donors and the unique characteristics of biobanks and research activities that use human biological materials, this paper concludes that such open consent-based law may not be suitable to protect the autonomy of the donors and that the broad consent requirement may be a desirable policy option. The paper acknowledges that the international community has long questioned whether broad consent (as well as open consent) is an effective choice to regulate the use of human biological materials. The paper stresses that the baseline requirement in designing the law is that the secondary use of human biological materials should be based on informed consent of the donors; the core value of the law should be a governance structure that promotes transparency and protects donor participation.