• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.523-527
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• 2008

Purpose : Several cytokines play important roles in the inflammatory process of Henoch-$Sch\ddot{o}lein$ Purpura (HSP). It is likely that transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ ($TGF-{\beta}$) is involved in the pathogenesis of HSP. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether $TGF-{\beta}$ promoter polymorphism is associated with the renal involvement of childhood HSP. Methods : Thirty-four patients younger than 15 years, who had been diagnosed with HSP, as well as 27 controls, were examined. Patients and controls were genotyped for $TGF-{\beta}$ C-509T by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results : The T allelic frequencies in patients and controls showed no difference (45% vs. 48.8%). No allele or genotype differences between the group of HSP group and control group were observed. The frequencies of $TGF-{\beta}$ 509 genotypes TT, TC, and CC were no different between patients and controls (26% vs. 22%). The TT genotype of polymorphism of the $TGF-{\beta}$ C-509T gene had no relation to the susceptibility of children to HSP and renal involvement in HSP. Conclusion : $TGF-{\beta}$ T allele may not be related to the susceptibility of children to HSP. The TT genotype of polymorphism of the $TGF-{\beta}$ C 509T gene does not appear to have an influence on renal involvement in childhood HSP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5007-5010
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• 2013

Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that may be constitutively present in cells protecting them from various stresses, such as extreme temperature, anoxia or chemical agents. Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy of women. In this study, we analyzed the expression of Hsp27 by immunohistochemistry in cervical intraepithelial lesions of Brazilian women, along with samples from non neoplasic lesions (NN). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I (CIN I), II (CIN II) and III (CIN III)/in situ carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were included. Immunostaining was observed in 30 (100%) samples of NN, 46 (92%) in CIN I, 50 (100%) in CIN II, 52 (98.11%) in CIN III/CIS, and 46 (98.11%) in SCC. In group NN Hsp27 immunostaining was heterogeneous, more intense in basal and parabasal layers of the epithelium and less or absent in the intermediate and superficial layer. The majority of the samples of CIS and SCC presented strong staining in all epithelial layers. Metaplasic cells, when present, were strongly stained. In this study, Hsp27 protein was found to be commonly expressed in cervical epithelial cells.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.724-733
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• 2021

Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct antioxidative effect of 90 Kda heat shock protein (Hsp90) obtained from duck muscle. Methods: The interaction of Hsp90 with phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids was studied with surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and their further oxidation in the presence of Hsp90 was evaluated with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The scavenging effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) was measured, and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in combination with 5-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) was utilized to determine the abilities of Hsp90 in scavenging hydroxyl and PTIO radicals. Results: SPR showed Hsp90 could bind with both phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids, and prevent their further oxidation by the TBARS assay. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity increased with Hsp90 concentration, and could reach 27% and 20% respectively at the protein concentration of 50 μM. The EPR spectra demonstrated Hsp90 could directly scavenge ·OH and PTIO· radicals. Conclusion: This suggests that Hsp90, a natural antioxidant in meat, may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, and may have potential use in meat products.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.826-834
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• 2016

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the combination treatment of an Hsp90 inhibitor and a SIRT1 inhibitor on suppressing the growth of chemo-resistant human cancer cells. We showed that inhibition of SIRT1 effectively potentiated the cytotoxicity of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) and reversed Hsp90 inhibitor resistance in multidrug-resistant (MDR) human ovarian HeyA8-MDR cells. Amurensin G, a potent natural SIRT1 inhibitor, enhanced Hsp90 inhibitor-mediated abrogation of the Hsp90 chaperone function and accelerated degradation of mutated p53 (mut p53), an Hsp90 client protein, by up-regulation of ubiquitin ligase CHIP. Knock-down of CHIP significantly attenuated amurensin G-induced mut p53 degradation. Down-regulation of mut p53 reduced the expression of heat shock factor1 (HSF1)/heat shock proteins (Hsps), a major cause of Hsp90 inhibitor resistance, which led to sensitization of the MDR cells to the Hsp90 inhibitor by the SIRT1 inhibitor. Amurensin G potentiated cytotoxicity of the Hsp90 inhibitor in HeyA8-MDR cells through suppression of 17-AAG-induced Hsp70 and Hsp27 induction via down-regulation of mut p53/HSF1, and it caused activation of PARP and inhibition of Bcl-2. Our data suggests that SIRT1 inhibitors could be used to sensitize MDR cells to Hsp90 inhibitors, possibly through suppression of the mut p53/HSF1-dependent pathway, and a novel mut p53-directed action of SIRT1 inhibition could effectively prevent mut p53 accumulation in MDR cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1503-1507
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• 2013

The two major symptoms characterizing Alzheimer's disease are the formation of amyloid-${\beta}$ extracellular deposits in the form of senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that consist of pathological hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregated into insoluble paired helical filaments (PHFs). Neurons of the central nervous system have appreciable amounts of tau protein, a microtubule-associated protein. To maintain an optimal operation of nerves, the microtubules are stabilized, which is necessary to support cell structure and cellular processes. When the modified tau protein becomes dysfunctional, the cells containing misfolded tau cannot maintain cell structure. One of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is hyperphosphorylated tau protein. This paper shows that the small heat shock protein from humans (Hsp27) reduces hyperphosphorylated tau and prevents hyperphosphorylated tau-induced cell death of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2000

To investigate the function of chloroplast small HSP, transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun) that constitutively overexpress the chloroplast small HSP (NtHSP21) from N. tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR1 were generated. Five homozygous lines of transformants showing different constitutive expression levels of the NtHSP21 were selected. To determine whether constitutive overexpression of NtHSP21 protein affects thermotolerance, wild-type and transformants were grown in Petri dishes, heat-stressed at 52$^{\circ}C$ for 45 min, and then incubated in normal growth condition. When heat-stressed wild-type plantlets were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$, leaf color gradually became white and all trio plantlets finally died within a week. As for the transformants, however, more than 70% of them remained green and survived under the conditions in which all the wild-type plants were dying. It was also found that the levels of NtHSP21 were correlated with the degree of thermotolerance. These results suggest that the NtHSP21 protein in transformants is responsible for the increase in thermotolerance.

• Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.357-362
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• 2018

Background: The up-regulation of the lipogenic pathway has been reported in many types of malignant tumors. However, its pathogenic role or clinical significance is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to examine the expression levels of adipophilin and related hypoxic signaling proteins and to determine their prognostic impacts and associations with the pathologic characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Expression levels of adipophilin, heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), carbonic anhydrase IX, and hypoxia-inducible factor $1{\alpha}$ were examined by immunohistochemical staining using tissue microarray blocks. Correlations between protein expression levels and various clinicopathologic features were analyzed. Results: A total of 230 cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the lung were enrolled in this study. Adipophilin expression was more frequent in males and with the solid histologic type. It was correlated with HSP27 expression. Patients with adipophilin-positive adenocarcinoma showed a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS, 17.2 months vs 18.4 months) in a univariable survival analysis, whereas HSP27 positivity correlated with favorable overall survival (OS) and PFS. In a multivariable analysis, adipophilin and HSP27 were independent prognostic markers of both OS and PFS. Conclusions: Activated lipid metabolism and the hypoxic signaling pathway might play a major role in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, especially in the solid histologic type.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of intestinal ultrasonography (US) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the early diagnosis of Henoch-Sch$\"{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) with the gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms preceding the emergence of the skin lesion. Methods: The clinical, intestinal US and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic records of 85 patients (88 cases) with GI symptoms relating to HSP presenting between January 1999 and April 2001 were reviewed. Results: 1) GI symptoms were observed in 52 cases (59%) and skin, joint, renal and scrotal manifestations were observed in 88 (100%), 64 (73%), 15 (17%), 3 cases (3%) respectively. 2) Out of 52 cases with GI symptoms, abdominal pain was observed in all cases (100%). Positive stool occult blood, nausea and vomiting, abdominal tenderness, melena or tarry stool, diarrhea, hematemesis, rebound tenderness and rigidity were observed in 28 (50%), 17 (33%), 17 (33%), 12 (23%), 6 (12%), 4 (8%), 1 (2%) and 1 case (2%) respectively in order of frequency. 3) Intestinal US examination was performed in 27 cases with HSP and GI symptoms (52 cases). Out of 27 sonographic examinations 22 showed abnormal findings. Thickening of the duodeno-jejunal wall was observed in 16 cases (73%). Free peritoneal fluid, enlarged mesenteric lymph node, ileus and abnormal gall bladder were seen in 8 (36%), 8 (36%), 4 (18%) and 1 case (5%) respectively. In three cases of HSP without GI symptoms, those changes were absent. 4) In all of five cases with HSP and GI symptoms, endoscopic study showed mucosal edema and multiple hemorrhagic erosions especially at the second portion of the duodenum. Biopsy specimens from the duodenum of 2 cases out of 5 endoscopic examinations showed acute inflammatory infiltrates in the mucosa with hemorrhage. 5) Both intestinal US and endoscopic studies were performed in 4 cases with HSP and GI symptoms simultaneously. Out of 4 those cases, 3 cases showed the thickened duodeno-jejunal wall on the intestinal US, which suggested erosive hemorrhagic duodenitis by endoscopic findings. Conclusion: The typical but nonpathognomonic intestinal US findings including the thickening of the duodeno-jejunal wall and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings including hemorrhagicerosive duodenitis, in children with GI symptoms, should be considered a manifestation of HSP, even in the absence of skin lesion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4267-4271
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• 2013

Background: As natural medicines in Asia, curcumin and triptolide extracted from different drug plants have proven to possess anticancer potential and widely used for anti-cancer research. The present study attempted to clarify that curcumin and triptolide synergistically suppress ovarian cancer cell growth in vitro. Methods: To test synergic effects, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after curcumin and triptolide combination treatment on ovarian cancer cell lines. Synergistic effects on apoptosis induction were determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss assay and flow cytometry analysis. Critical regulators of cell proliferation and apoptosis related were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: We showed that the combination of curcumin and triptolide could synergistically inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth, and induce apoptosis, which is accompanied by HSP27 and HSP70, indicating that HSP27 and HSP70 play the important role in the synergic effect. Conclusions: From the result present here, curcumin and triptolide combination with lower concentration have a synergistic anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer and which will have a good potential in clinical applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2013

연구목적: 본 연구는 흰쥐를 대상으로 정강뼈의 관절연골에 적용한 맥동전자장과 맥동초음파가 HSP70(Heat shock protein 70)의 발현을 통한 연골 형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구방법: 36마리의 200~250g의 Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐를 대조군, 맥동전자장 적용군, 맥동초음파 적용군으로 각 집단별로 12마리씩 무작위 배정하여 실험을 진행하였다. 맥동전자장은 27.12 MHz의 주파수, 5가우스의 강도, 450 W의 출력으로 10분간 적용하였고, 맥동초음파는 20%의 맥동비, 1MHz의 주파수, $1.5W/cm^2$의 강도로 10분간 적용하였다. 연구결과: 맥동전자장 적용군과 맥동초음파 적용군의 관절연골 조직에서 유의한 수준의 HSP70 발현량을 나타냈다. 또한 맥동전자장 적용군과 맥동초음파 적용군에서는 Akt, Erk1, CREB의 높은 활성도를 나타내었고, 맥동초음파 적용군에 비해서 맥동전자장 적용군의 더 높은 수준의 활성도를 보였다. 결론: 맥동전자장과 맥동초음파는 HSP70의 과발현을 유발하고, 이를 통해 연골형성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타나, 향후 관절연골의 손상에 대한 임상적 적용을 위한 추가적인 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.