• 한국보육지원학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.37-55
• /
• 2019

Objective: This study investigated whether executive function has a significant relationship to concrete, picture, and language clue tasks of the arithmetic story problem-solving ability, and its effects. Methods: The participants in the study were 112 young children at childcare centers. The following methods were used to evaluate executive function: Day-Night/Flag-Raising tasks, DCCS tasks, and digit span-reverse digit span methods. To measure the arithmetic story problem-solving ability concrete, picture, and language clue tasks were evaluated. Results: First, the higher the child's age, the higher their executive function and arithmetic story problem-solving abilities were. Second, there is a significant positive correlation between a young child's executive function and arithmetic story problem-solving ability. Third, when the task presentation method varied for concrete, picture, and language clue tasks, the effect of the subordinate factor of the execution function of the arithmetic story problem-solving ability also varied. Conclusion/Implications: Analysis confirmed the relationship between young children's executive function and arithmetic story problem-solving ability. The results are meaningful in showing that the sub-factors of the executive function have different influences on concrete, picture, and language clue tasks of the arithmetic story problem-solving ability.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.245-263
• /
• 2012

The Korean mathematical curriculum has been changed three times during the resent five years. It led to changes in textbook system. In the 2007 revised mathematics curriculum, workbook was developed focusing on student's self-oriented learning, effective practice in differentiated classroom, and mathematics problem solving considering individual difference. This paper examines the characteristics of the tasks and the way the tasks are organized in the textbooks and the workbook in accordance with the 2007 revised mathematics curriculum; comparing with the function section before and after the amendment. Researchers examine whether the textbook and workbook were accomplished the purpose with "cognitive expectation", "level of cognitive demand", "and "response types". Researchers revised framework of [Son, J. W. & Senk, S. (2010). How reform curricula in the USA and Korea present multiplication and division of fraction. Educ. Stud. Math 74(2), 117-142] to make them suitable for the function section at the seventh grade.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제7권7호
• /
• pp.886-895
• /
• 2004

본 논문에서는 멀티미디어 태스크와 경성 실시간 태스크가 공존하는 시스템에서 두 태스크들을 효율적으로 통합하고 스케쥴링하기 위한 CPU 대역폭의 동적 할당 기법이 제시된다. 연성 실시간적인 멀티미디어 태스크는 평균 실행 시간을 기반으로 처리되는 반면 경성 실시간 태스크는 최악의 경우에 대한 실행 시간을 기반으로 실행이 보장된다. 서버를 기반으로 하는 본 논문의 할당 기법은 CPU 대역폭을 두 태스크들에 대하여 분할한 후 특히 MPEG 비디오 스트림을 위한 멀티미디어 태스크들에 대하여는 할당된 대역폭을 다시 동적으로 조정한다. 제시된 기법의 목적은 시스템에 존재하는 경성 실시간 태스크들의 시간적 제약성을 모두 보장하면서 멀티미디어 태스크들의 종료시한이후 실행이 지연되는 시간을 최소화하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션 실험을 통하여 제시된 기법에서 멀티미디어 태스크들의 지연 시간이 다른 기법에 비하여 작아지는 결과를 보여주고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.15-40
• /
• 2005

This study basically investigates the meaning and properties of performance task applicable to mathematics classroom and it finds out how to run effectively performance task activities included in the present mathematics textbooks. To accomplish this, this study deals with twelves kinds of mathematics textbooks for ninth graders and is proceeded on the basis of textbook analysis and teacher interview. Considering a situation that in future mathematics textbook would be developed, according to the analytic results of this study, common understanding of performance task and qualified performance task are needed, a variety of tasks classified by differentiated level are needed. In addition, each task should be dealt with the contents related to curious and interesting real-life situations. Furthermore, fairness of checking and recording should be established and teachers' positive attitudes to applying performance tasks to math class are needed.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.164-177
• /
• 2005

This study is the present condition of running school based enterprises and tasks in the future, based on the 'regulations for establishment and management of school based enterprises' which came into effect in March, 2004. The investigation showed that 80% of respondents knew about the KIT's school-based enterprise, the bakery. And it seems that the fact that the college is running the bakery does not inspire any special confidence in the products. The students doesn't seem to purchase the products as much as staffs and the professors do, so more active promotions are necessary for student customers. The answer we got to the question 'if you enjoy the our bread and cookies, would you recommend them to your friends or family?' shows that some limit to the 'word of mouth marketing.' And increase in sales of the school based enterprise is closely related to how many times the customers visit the bakery. The school-based enterprise is regarded as one of the most effective alternatives to practice filed based education and innovate teaching methods.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.633-652
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 중등 수학 교사가 수업 목표와 함께 제시된 교과서의 수학 과제를 해결하는 데 요구되는 인지적 노력수준 (Stein, Grover, & Henningsen, 1996)을 어떻게 이해하며, 과제에 대하여 실제 유발된 학생들의 인지적 노력 수준을 어떻게 선별하고, 그 학생에게 더 높은 인지적 노력 수준을 유발할 수 있도록 어떻게 과제를 변형하여 제기하는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여, 중학교 함수 영역의 설문지를 개발하여 현직 중고등학교 교사 50명을 대상으로 설문을 실시한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 대부분의 교사들은 수업 목표에 따라 낮은 수준의 과제와 높은 수준의 과제를 적절하게 선별할 수 있었지만, 높은 수준의 과제를 높은 수준의 과제라고 선택하는 기준이 학생들의 인지노력 수준보다는 과제의 외형적 요소였다. 둘째, 비록 주목하는 부분은 다르더라도 대부분의 교사들은 학생들에게 유발된 인지적 노력 수준을 적절히 판단할 수 있었고, 이를 기반으로 그 학생들에게 높은 인지적 노력 수준을 유발할 수 있는 과제로 변형할 수 있었다. 셋째, 교사들은 더 높은 인지적 노력 수준이 유발되는 과제로 변형하기 위하여 다양한 방식(문제 상황의 일반화, 조건 또는 맥락의 변화)을 이용하였는데, 실생활 관련 소재로 맥락화하는데 한계를 느끼는 교사들이 많았다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.479-491
• /
• 2023

The automation of agricultural machines is an irreversible trend considering the demand for improved productivity and lack of labor in handling agricultural tasks. Unstructured working environments and weather often inhibit a seemingly simple task from being fully autonomously performed. In this context, we propose a remote driving system (RDS) to aid agricultural machines designed to operate autonomously. Particularly, we modify a commercial speed sprayer for orchard environments into a robotic speed sprayer to evaluate the proposed RDS's usability and test three sensor configurations in terms of human performance. Furthermore, we propose a confidence error ellipsebased task performance measure to evaluate human performance. In addition, we present field experimental results describing how the sensor configurations affect human performance. We find that a combination of a semiautonomous line tracking device and a wide-angle camera is the most effective for spraying. Finally, we discuss how to improve the proposed RDS in terms of usability and obtain a more accurate measure of human performance.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2015

Not all parents are skilled in scaffolding their young children's numeracy learning. The present study investigated the effectiveness of a parent training program in promoting Filipino young children's number sense via card game playing at home. Participants were 161 young children and their parents; families were of a relatively low socioeconomic status. During the 10-week intervention period, parents in the experimental group received training on how to use number game cards to help their children acquire various numeracy concepts; parents in the control group received no special instructions. Children in the experimental group showed greater improvements in their performance on six number sense tasks (namely numeral identification, object counting, rote counting, missing number, numerical magnitude comparison, and addition) over the intervention period than did children in the control group. Findings of the present study suggest that providing simple training to parents on strategies for fostering their young children's number sense at home is important for giving children a good early start in basic number knowledge.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.27.1-27.4
• /
• 2021

Due to the rapid evolution of high-throughput technologies, a tremendous amount of data is being produced in the biological domain, which poses a challenging task for information extraction and natural language understanding. Biological named entity recognition (NER) and named entity normalisation (NEN) are two common tasks aiming at identifying and linking biologically important entities such as genes or gene products mentioned in the literature to biological databases. In this paper, we present an updated version of OryzaGP, a gene and protein dataset for rice species created to help natural language processing (NLP) tools in processing NER and NEN tasks. To create the dataset, we selected more than 15,000 abstracts associated with articles previously curated for rice genes. We developed four dictionaries of gene and protein names associated with database identifiers. We used these dictionaries to annotate the dataset. We also annotated the dataset using pretrained NLP models. Finally, we analysed the annotation results and discussed how to improve OryzaGP.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
• /
• 제14C권4호
• /
• pp.371-382
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 주기 및 비주기 태스크의 효율적인 관리를 제공하는 실시간 센서 노드 플랫폼을 설계하고 구현하였다. 기존 센서 노드의 소프트웨어 플랫폼은 제한된 센서 노드의 자원을 효율적으로 사용하기 위하여 메모리 및 전력 소비량의 최소화에만 초점을 두었기 때문에 태스크의 실시간성과 빠른 평균 응답시간을 보장하는 실시간 센서 노드의 소프트웨어 플랫폼에는 적합하지 않다. 이에 본 논문에서는 센서 노드의 소프트웨어 플랫폼으로 많이 사용되고 있는 TinyOS 기반에서 태스크의 실시간성과 빠른 평균 응답시간을 보장할 수 있는 기법과 한계를 분석하였으며, 모든 주기 태스크가 마감시한 내에 실행이 완료되는 것을 보장하고 비주기 태스크의 응답시간을 최소화하는 실시간 센서 노드 플랫폼을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 플랫폼은 Atmel사의 초경량 8비트 마이크로프로세서인 Atmega128L이 탑재된 센서 보드에서 구현되었다. 구현된 실시간 센서 플랫폼의 성능을 분석한 결과, 모든 주기 태스크의 마감시한 보장을 제공함과 동시에 향상된 비주기 태스크의 평균 응답시간과 낮은 시스템의 평균 처리기 이용률을 확인할 수 있었다.