• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2005

This study examines factors determining contemporary Chinese households' food away from home (FAFH) expenditures using Becker's household production theory. Data came from the 2000 urban household survey in Guangdong Province, collected by National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China. It was revealed that the contemporary urban Chinese wives also substitute their household work by time-saving product, FAFH, as Becker's household production theory postulated. This suggests the important role of time-value (opportunity cost) in determining household FAFH expenditure across the cultures.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.319-338
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• 1997

This study examined the time allocation pattern of husbands and wives. This study investigated i)the pattern of time allocation in the light of the extent of time spent in housework child care and leisure among husbands and wives living in urban area ii) the differences in extent of time spent in such activities between wives and husbands and iii) the determinants of time spent in such activities. A system of time allocation equations based on household production theory and several hypotheses explaining the distribution of domestic work among couples were employed. According to the results the pattern of time allocation was different between wives and husbands. Regardless of women's employment status wives were more likely to have dual responsibilities than were husbands. The time equation employed in this study had more explanatory power in the pattern of time allocation of wives than of husbands and of employed wives than of non-employed wives. The sex-role ideology hypothesis was supported for non-employed wives but not for employed wives. The time availability hypothesis was supported for the time allocation of employed wives and husbands. The economic efficiency hypothesis was supported for employed wives' time allocation.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.123-136
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• 1988

This study attempts to shed some lights on an effect of consumer education by using the formal education as a proxy variable and measuring the effect of the formal education on consumer behavior. This study utilizes economic theories and develops a theory to analyze the effect. Within the conceptual framework employed in this study, it is hypothesized that education raises productivity in the nonmarket sector and thereby affects consumer behavior in the same manner as money income affects behavior. the data are taken from the self-administered questionnaires among 553 housewives in July 1987. the procedure used is to fit separate engel curves for the expenditures on various goods by the weighted regression technique. The empirical results support the hpothesis. Therefore, this study shows positive effects of education on the productivity of household production functions. This result implies that consumer education would enhance efficiency in consumer behavior significantly.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.209-231
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• 2007

이 논문은 통행선택행위를 간접효용함수 대신 체감비용을 비교하는 평가방법을 제시하였다. 체감비용 비교방법은 가계생산이론을 통행자가 통행비용과 시간 등 정량적 요소와 함께 안락성과 안전성 등 정량적 요소를 동시에 고려하는 경우에 적용하여 도출되었다. 이 분석에서는 통행행위가 통행목적 달성과 함께 여러 정성적 요소를 동시에 산출하는 과정을 기술하는 특수한 형태의 동차 공동생산함수를 고안하여 이용하였다. 통행대안별 체감비용은 금전적인 통행비용에 시간가치 중에서 정량적 요소에 대해 통행자가 느끼는 기회비용을 제한 값을 합하여 산출하였다. 이러한 체감비용은 통계적 측정가능조건을 충족시킬뿐더러 통행선택행위를 보다 합리적으로 설명할 수 있어, 통행선택에 대한 통계분석에서 간접효용함수에 비해 통계측정 대상으로서 보다 우수하다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.181-196
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• 1996

This study examined the time allocation pattern of farm wives. In particular it addressed i)the differences in extent of time spent in farming housework child care and leisure between on-farm and off-farm seasons ii)differences in the extent of time spent in such activities among farm wives and urban wives and iii) the determinants of time spent in such activities. To achieve these goals a system of time allocation equations based on household production theory was employed. On hundred and eight farm wives wiere selected in 1993 by the methods of judgement sampling and cluster sampling. Two major questions in the survey elicited sociodemographic information and time-use of farm wives using the time-diary method, The results indicate that farm wives different decisions about how to allocate their time to farming housework child care leisure during on-farm and off-farm seasons. In addition it was that farm wives are more likely to have dual responsibilities than are urban wives. Finally in the off-farm season education number of younger children and region were significant variables in explaining the time allocation decisions of farm wives. However only age was a significant factor in their time allocation decisions during the on-farm season. This leads one to conclude that time allocation is not a choice for farm wives in the on-farm season.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.53-72
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• 2010

The objects of this study are to consider the current features and the development process of the utilizing system of aquaculture farms in Japan, and to suggest the theoretical basis for improvement of aquaculture system of Korea in the future through the analysis of background of the liberalization theory proposed recently. The aquaculture-fishery system of Japan was begun from the Meiji Era Fishery Act and New Fishery Act of the World war II. A small sum of fishery fee is paid to the fishery cooperative having fishing rights for securing fishing area newly, because the aquaculture of Japan belong to fishery cooperative not individual ownership of union membr of cooperative society, the other words, cultivation fisheries household. In case of Korea, there are several differences with Japan as follows; almost cultivation fisheries household has a individual license, the lisence of fishing rights are recognized as an article, the license of fishing lights are able to do sale. Therefore, it is needed to paid a lots of money for securing fishing area newly. On the other hand, advanced countries in the marine aquaculture such as Norway have reached the stage where the managing abilities of marine aquaculture are similar to those in the manufacturing industry. And the number of large scale aquaculture farms with developed technologies and advanced marketing strategies in those countries is increasing. Considering that the marine aquaculture in Japan under the similar fishery systems of Korea has developed the state-of-the-art management skills or lead to large scale management, it is difficult to expect the decrease in the production costs under the small scale family business in Korea and this will lead to the decreasing competitive advantage over the imported seafood. Therefore marine aquaculture in Korea needs to increase the economy of scale to acquire the competitive advantage.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2001

The spot welding method has been used in the joining of structures, automotive body, railway carriage, aircraft, household electric appliances, precision parts etc., because of brief working, easy automation, available mass production, and convenience. In this paper, the effects of welding conditions on the fatigue life and the prediction of fatigue life based on fracture mechanics theory of spot welded joint were investigated. Fatigue tests were conducted with the tensile-shear specimens welded in the various current using cold rolled steel sheets. Fatigue life of spot welded joint was predicted and compared with experimental results. Using FEM(finite element method), we analysed the distribution of stress and the condition of deformation on the environments of nugget.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the development and characteristics of Dymaxion housing by R. B. Fuller, who is generally known as a structure engineering, architect and his influences. A document research method was used to analyze and classified of his dymaxion housing projects focused on the late of 1920's. Through this study, the following conclusions have been reached; 1) In order to obtain the productivity and efficiency drawing from the industrialized housing in the early of 1900s, the planning concepts of 'Dymaxion', 'Ehemeralization' and 'Autonomy' were proposed. 2) The planning characteristics of Dymaxion housing projects are classified as three aspects. The first is 'formative aspects' which was focused on the round-shape, transparency and lightweight material such as aluminium for movable and flexible dwelling. The second is 'functional aspects', focused on the mass-production, mobility, flexibility, high-tech and systemizing mechanical equipments for efficiency of household affairs. The third is 'environmental aspects', focused on the energy-saving and environmental control for sustainable dwelling. Dymaxion housing projects of Fuller, an aggregation of high-tech mechanical equipments, had a great impact on the development the concept of mobility and influenced radical and utopian architectural groups' ideas of 1960's. Especially, considering today's high cost of energy and the limited natural resources, Fuller's Dymaxion theory must be re-evaluated.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-71
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze problems of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) in small live fish(SLF) trade by applying the asymmetric information theory which is called ${\ulcorner}$Lemon Market Theory${\lrcorner}$. The purpose of importing SLF is to enhance fishing household income and import substitution effect as well. SLF importation is quite different in its nature from importing general fish and fish products for final/direct consumption. SLF are imported for the purpose of domestic aquaculture and naturalization where domestic production/supply of SLF is less than domestic demand for or such species are not native to Korean waters. Information asymmetric problems arise even in SLF trade as the same way in general goods and services. However, the information asymmetry issues in SLF trade are much more complex than non-living goods because SLF are traded in the live state. To alleviate such problems the Korean government initiated the general COOL scheme to imported SLF. However, many experts argues that such policy on SLF would not be appropriate because of SLF's very nature. Applying the lemon market theory, we can analyze how information discovery schemes are able to signal correct information to SLF trading parties and to result in more symmetric information in SLF trade markets. This research carried out a case study about small live eel(SLF) trade and its farming. The results showed that applying the COOL to small live eels just right upon coming into fish farms tends to increase substantially fish farmer's income and at the same time to lower unnecessary transaction costs. In particular, such transaction costs by imposing simply the general COOL on SLF may easily outweigh its benefits. For instance, to resolve the problems, the Korean ministry of agriculture and forestry(KMAF) has developed a quite different COOL rules from the general ones and has applied them to imported live cattle and medium/small livestocks. The KMAF's differentiated COOL policy on some imported livestocks may be a good case which can be applied to imported SLF. In addition to the differentiated COOL on SLF, Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and traceability system would play crucial complementary roles in alleviating information asymmetry problems in SLF trade. Advanced fisheries tend to strengthen their SPS system rather than to adopt the general comprehensive COOL schemes into imported SLF trades and domestic market exchanges.