• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.22-33
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• 2003

I recognized necessity of the space planning to three-generation dwelling because of preservation of wholesome society sense of values of the younger generation indicated often to the point at issue by the change to nuclear family of present and by way to hand down thought of respect for the aged which is our traditional public morals. I wish to present basic data for storage space planning that resident's request and consciousness are reflected in such background. I investigated records in general concept, which is utilization pattern of storage space to achieve the function of these culture intermediation. The object of research is three-generation dwelling, such as 3L-K and 3L-DK as national residences that appear most generally in chongju city. The method of research was question investigation method to write utilization actual conditions and requirement of storage space directly. So I proposed suitable planning to resident's life style analyzing frequency, percentage and average distribution. When supply apartment house hereafter, it should be reflected wide selection by resident's characteristic and needed systematic storage space planning in consideration of user mainly. Also continuous and diversified researches that can improve quality of residence are required.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.805-809
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• 2004

The antimite activities of cumin seed oil-derived cuminaldehyde and eleven commercial components of Cuminum cyminum oil were examined against Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus adults and compared with those of benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Responses varied according to dose and mite species. On the basis of $LD_{50}$ values, the compound most toxic to D. farinae adults was cuminaldehyde ($2.40\mug/cm^2$) followed by benzyl benzoate ($9.32\mug/cm^2$), thymol ($9.43\mug/cm^2$), DEET ($36.84\mug/cm^2$), and 3-carene ($42.11\mug/cm^2$). Against D. pteronyssinus adults, cuminaldehyde ($1.94\mug/cm^2$) was much more effective than benzyl benzoate ($6.50\mug/cm^2$) thymol ($6.92\mug/cm^2$), DEET ($17.79\mug/cm^2$), and 3-carene ($39.85\mug/cm^2$). These results indicate that the antimite activity of cumin seed oil could be caused by cuminaldehyde. Cuminaldehyde was about 3.9 and 3.4 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate against D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus adults, respectively. Therefore, further study is needed to confirm the findings of this study and the possibility of cuminaldehyde as a house dust mite control agent or a lead compound.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.206-214
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• 2010

The laboratory and green house studies evaluated the effect of three different environmental factors on the seed germination, seedling emergence and survival of four major weed species in coconut plantations, Mimosa pudica, Ureana lobata, Panicum maximum and Pennisetum polystachyon. Germination percentage of all the weed species was significantly reduced with increasing soil moisture stress, no germination was observed at -0.9 MPa. Germination of both grass seeds ranged from 8% to 25% and 10% to 45% as moisture stress decreased from -0.4 MPa to 0 MPa, respectively. In contrast, seeds of M. pudica, and U. lobata were moderately tolerant to soil moisture stress and best adapted to moist environment. All the weed species seeds germinated over a wide range of soil pH values with the highest germination occurring at pH 6. In all the species, seedling emergence was declined rapidly with increasing depth with the exception of U. lobata. Seedling emergence significantly declined when the duration of flooding was three days or longer in dicotyledonous weed species and two days or longer in monocotyledonous weeds. This study illustrates the adaptability of these weeds to different environmental conditions which would enable the development of management strategies to reduce their populations below economic threshold levels in coconut plantations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.544-547
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• 2002

According to the rising of national economic level. domestic consumption of vegetables having high additive values is increased continuously due to increased consumption of meat in last decade. These vegetables are produced almost in this country and are limited to import from neighbor countries in due of high transportation expenses for storing in refrigerated container. It is very important to mechanize the harvest work, forming more than 30% for their production cost, in order to cultivate variable vegetables at the same time according to their harvesting seasons. In this state its former harvest methods, with using of human power or semi-automatic harvest, caused to increase their production cost due to high labor cost and low working efficiency. The former onion harvest being operated almost by semi-automatic plant distributer mechanism have many limit and troublesome for cultivation spaces, vinyle mulched ridge, gravel mixture in soil. Therefore, it is necessary to develope a fully automatic and self-running situation and overcome above handicaps, even in the farm covered with vinyle house or mulch sheets. This newly developed onion harvest can be applied to plant various young trees and will be able to export together with onion haying their competition in the worldwide market in which the culinary vegetable method or farm conditions is similar to our country.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.627-633
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• 1998

Impurity profiling analysis of methamphetamine seized in Korea was investigated for the evidential and intelligent purpose. Samples were extracted with ethylacetate which contai ns internal standard of dioctylsebacate under basic condition and extracts were analyzed by GC-FID. Ephedrine, chloroephedrine & 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine were identified impurities in illicit methamphetamine by GC-MS. These impurities revealed that most of abused methamphetamine in Korea were synthesized from ephedrine as a starting material. For the classification of samples. firstly, 24 impurity peaks were selected after inspection of every peak in 50 samples as the specific markers of impurities. Secondly, corresponding peak retention time and area ratio to the internal standard were calculated and database was created with values of 24 peaks by in-house program. Finally, cluster analysis was attempted with the resultant profiles using the STAR plot, which was based on the Euclidian distance for evaluating similarity among samples. A total of 76 samples were divided into 8 different groups within 90% statistical similarity and inter-batch samples showed similar impurity patterns by this procedure. In conclusion, the analysis of impurities is a suitable index for estimation the common or different origin of methamphetamine sample.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

In this study, an in-house program to analyze the performance degradation for gas turbines is developed using MATLAB and is validated using commercial software. This program consists of design and off-design calculations. The results of design calculation is used for reference values of off-design calculation. The off-design calculation is composed of measured and expected performance analyses, and turbine inlet temperature correction. In general, performance degradation is analyzed by comparing the results of measured and expected performance analysis. However, if gas turbine performance degrades, turbine inlet temperature might increase due to the general control logic to comply with the power demand. Therefore, it is required to consider the deviation of turbine inlet temperature from the normal value in the performance diagnosis to analyze the performance degradation exactly. In this study, a special effort is given to the correction of turbine inlet temperature. The accuracy of the developed program is confirmed by comparison with commercial software, and its capability of performance diagnosis using the turbine inlet temperature correction is demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2011

This study has extracted elements and related factors in the modernization of Hanok, using an evaluation method, and has also considered the possibilities of modern images using AHP analysis. As a result, first, the elements that form the urban landscape of historical and cultural environment have to be created by extracting elements from the subject standard for construction of the elements selected. As for the aspect of blending history, culture and environment, scenic and important architectural aspects were delineated. Second, based on selected components of the basic type of features and construction, roof types, vertical and horizontal elements were simulated after setting the criteria. Third, according to its historical cultural circumstances the man-made landscape and the traditional measure of the model, specific values of the elements for the formation of structures were evaluated by priority. A region characterized by old city houses constructed of objective elements can possibly be combined. In addition, a Hanok multi-family house fitted for modern life and a variety of models to develop and validate the possibility and utilization of this study can be expected.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.741-758
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• 2013

In this study, inelastic displacement ratios are investigated for existing systems with known lateral strength considering soil structure interaction. For this purpose, SDOF systems for period range of 0.1-3.0 s with different hysteretic behaviors are considered for a number of 18 earthquake motions recorded on soft soil. The effect of stiffness degradation on inelastic displacement ratios is investigated. The Modified Clough model is used to represent structures that exhibit significant stiffness degradation when subjected to reverse cyclic loading and the elastoplastic model is used to represent non-degrading structures. Soil structure interaction analyses are conducted by means of equivalent fixed base model effective period, effective damping and effective ductility values differing from fixed-base case. For inelastic time history analyses, Newmark method for step by step time integration was adapted in an in-house computer program. A new equation is proposed for inelastic displacement ratio of system with SSI with elastoplastic or degrading behavior as a function of structural period ($\tilde{T}$), strength reduction factor (R) and period lengthening ratio ($\tilde{T}$/T). The proposed equation for $\tilde{C}_R$ which takes the soil-structure interaction into account should be useful in estimating the inelastic deformation of existing structures with known lateral strength.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1969

In this experiment, the litters of each five species of neadle-leaf trees and broad-leaf trees were laid on each pot soils, which had same soil conditions, is the green house and the sil fertility of each pots were determined after four years. Chemical properties among each pot soils under litters of needle-laef trees showed remarkable different values in the pH, base exchange capacity, total exchangeable base, base saturation, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and calcium, and that of broad-leaf trees showed respectively significant difference. The content of chemical components, such as total exchangeable base, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchanbeable potassium, between pot soils under litters of the needle-leaf trees and the broad-leaf trees were significant at the 0.01 and 0.05 levels of the statistical probability. The fertility of soil under the influence of decayed fallen leaves is the highest value in the posts of broad-leaves and next to the pots of needle-leaves and the control pots the lowest. The pH value of the soil with various kinds of fallen leaves showed little difference among themselves, but it especially approached in the broad leaves plots gradually to neutral and hte non-treated plot showed acidity. Lespedeza bicolar and Castanea crenata are supposed to contribute to the fertility of soil. Pinus rigida showed excellent exchanged properties of soi. The leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus koraiensis did not contribute much to the promotion of fertility of soil.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.277-284
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• 2017

This paper presents the establishment and characterization of a neutron calibration field using a bare $^{252}Cf$ source of low neutron source strength in Vietnam. The characterization of the field in terms of neutron flux spectra and neutron ambient dose equivalent rates were performed by Monte Carlo simulations using the MCNP5 code. The anisotropy effect of the source was also investigated. The neutron ambient dose equivalent rates at three reference distances of 75, 125, and 150 cm from the source were calculated and compared with the measurements using the Aloka TPS-451C neutron survey meters. The discrepancy between the calculated and measured values is found to be about 10%. To separate the scattered and the direct components from the total neutron flux spectra, an in-house shadow cone of 10% borated polyethylene was used. The shielding efficiency of the shadow cone was estimated using the MCNP5 code. The results confirmed that the shielding efficiency of the shadow cone is acceptable.