• Mycobiology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2022

Virginia creeper (or five-leaved ivy; Parthenocissus quinquefolia) is one of the most popular and widely grown climbers worldwide. In September 2021, Virginia creeper leaves with typical rust symptom were found in an arboretum in Korea, with severe damage. Globally, there is no record of a rust disease on Virginia creeper. Using morphological investigation and molecular phylogenetic inferences, the rust agent was identified as Neophysopella vitis, which is a rust pathogen of other Parthenocissus spp. including Boston ivy (P. tricuspidata). Given that the two ivy plants, Virginia creeper and Boston ivy, have common habitats, especially on buildings and walls, throughout Korea, and that N. vitis is a ubiquitous rust species affecting Boston ivy in Korea, it is speculated that the host range of N. vitis may recently have expanded from Boston ivy to Virginia creeper. The present study reports a globally new rust disease on Virginia creeper, which could be a major threat to the ornamental creeper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2000

The waveform and spectrum analysis of Tursiops truncatus(bottlenose dolphin) sonar signals were carried out on the basis of data collected during the dolphin show at the aquarium of Cheju Pacificland from October 1998 to February 1999. When greeting to audience, the pulse width, peak frequency and spectrum level from the five dolphins'sonar signals were 3.0ms, 4.54kHz and 125.6dB, respectively. At the time of warm-up just before the show, their figures were 5.0㎳, 5.24kHz and 127.0dB, respectively. During the performance of dolphins, with singing, peak frequency ranged 3.28∼5.78kHz and spectrum level ranged 137.0∼142.0dB. With playing ring, pulse width, peak frequency and spectrum level were 7.0㎳, 2.54kHz and 135.9dB, and when playing the ball, the values were 9.0㎳, 2.78kHz and 135.2dB, respectively. The values determined from the five dolphins during jump-up out of water were : pulse width 2.0㎳, peak frequency 4.50kHz and spectrum level 126.8dB. When they responded to trainer's instructions, the values were 2.25㎳, 248kHz and 148.7dB, respectively, and greeting to audience, the peak frequency and spectrum level were 5.84kHz and 122.5dB. During swimming under water, peak frequency and spectrum level were determined to be 10.10kHz and 126.8dB. It was found that there exited close consistencies in pulse width, frequency distribution and spectrum level between whistle sounds and dolphin's sonar signals. Accordingly, the dolphins can be easily trained by using whistle sound based on the results obtained from the waveform and spectrum of the dolphin's sonar signals.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.6 s.111
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• pp.748-761
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• 2005

This study attempts to describe and periodinate the sixty years history of Korean Geographical Society. For the purpose, several numerical records concerned with the society were employed. The Korean Geographical Society was established in 1945 as a first academic society in geography. The international participation of Korean geographers started when it applied for the IGU membership in 1959. Next year, Korean's application was approved at the 19th IGC in Stockholm. The 40 years later, Korea came to host the 29th IGC in Seoul. This means that the activity of Korean geographers has been vigorous during the 40 years in accordance with high growth of Korean economy. The number of the society member reached 116 in the latter part of 1960s. It grew steadily from 1970s to 1990s and now amounts to around one thousand. It is believed that such trend is associated with the increase of geographical department and the development of graduate programs during past 40 years in Korea. The number of the advanced degree holders was only 2 in 1960, and now reachs 338 among which 166($43\%$) obtained from the foreign country. The Int issue of the society journal 'Geagraphy' -the title was changed to 'Journal of the KGS' in 1993-was published in 1963. It has gradually developed into the annual for $1966{\~}1973$, the semi-annual for $1974{\~}1990$, the quaterly for $1991{\~}1997$, and the hi-monthly until 2005. One issue per year has been published in English since 1993. The annual number of papers accepted by the editorial board has increased from 7 in 1960s-1970s to 52 in the new millennium. In terms of the specialty distribution of total 725 papers after 1963, many Korean geographers have been preferable to the field of socio-economic and urban geography as their major, and next histro-cultural and physical geography. Recently, a growing number of younger geographers are more interested in such diversified fields as ecological geography, socio-historical geography, applied geography concerned with GIS technic, geography education and so on. Such trend is a reflection of the new era which is characterized by diversity, software, high technology, globalization and others. The sixty years history of the society nay be summarized into the five phases of periodization: (1) establishment and chaos($1945{\~}1959$), (2) reconstruction(1960${\~}$1969), (3)reorganization(1970${\~}$1989), (4) jump and rush($1990{\~}1999$), (5)globalization($2000{\~}\;$).