• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 1991

The proteins of the race horse erythrocyte membrane were analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS-PAGE), and their relations to the fast erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) of the race horse were investigated. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate of race horse were very fast compared with the human one(33 times <$90^{\circ}-plastic-ESR/30m$> and 25 times <$90^{\circ}-micro-ESR/30m$> as fast as the human one) are reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, band 3 content was showing higher in race horse (34.7%) than in human (25.3%). The glycoprotein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes revealed by periodic acid Schiff's(PAS) stain showed a marked difference from that of human. The PAS-1(glycophorin) and PAS-2(sialoglycoprotein) present in human erythrocyte memo brane were almost absent from the Holstein and race horse erythrocyte membranes, but PAS-2 was more in only race horse from that of human. Instead, the bovine erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-B near the origin of the electrophorograms and the race horse erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-negative band near the end of the electrophorograms, which is named as PAS-E in this study. These results suggest that the fast sedimentation rate of race horse erythrocyte is due in part to the presence of more band 3 protein fraction and PAS-E glycoproteins in the race horse erythrocytes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.185-189
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• 1974

Although considerable research has been done on the blood chemistry of domestic animals, little work has been made of the changes associated with age. Moreover, the records about physiology of the goat were not much available in Korea, and a comprehensive survey of the blood chemical values of the Korean native goat has not been made. The authors intended to biometric study on the hardness of bone of race horse and Jeju horse in Korea. The measurement of hardness of bone were performed in 272 race horses (Thoroughbred 91, Anglo-Arab 107, Arab 74) and in 109 Jeju horses by the caliper by Toryba's method. Some interesting facts obtained through this study were as follows: 1. There was not significant difference of bone hardness between male and female. The average of bone hardness by the Toryba's meteod were $23.07{\pm}1.01$ in race horse and $19.44{\pm}1.84$ in Jeju horse. 2. The grade of bone hardness of race horse were higher than those of Jeju horse(P<0.001). 3. The correlation coefficient between age and grade of bone hardness were r= +0.344 in Jeju horse, theme were statistically significant (P<0.01) and the regression equation was Y=0.29x+18.497.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

The protein of the bovine, horse and dog erythrocyte membrane were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and their relation to the sedimentation rate of animal erythrocytes were investigated by treating the erythrocytes with proteinases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin. Protein content in erythrocyte membrane was in human, in Jindo dog, in cattle and in horse, showing similar in among. The erythrocyte sedimentation rates bovine erythrocytes from Hostein and Korean native cattle were very slow compared with the human one(1/7 as slow as the human one) as reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the bovine erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, bovine erythrocyte membranes showed one additional protein band, called band Q in this study, which migrated electrophoretically to the mid-position between band 2 and band 3 in human erythrocyte membranes. The erythrocyte sedimentation of race horse were very fast compared with the human one are reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, band 3 content was showing higher in race horse(34.7%) than in human(25.3%). The general protein profile of the Jindo dog erythrocyte membrane was almost similar to the human patterns, Jindo dog erythrocyte membranes showed one absent protein band. It was band 7. The glycoprotein profiles of the bovine erythrocyte membranes revealed by periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) stain showed a marked difference from that of human. The PAS-1(glycophorin) and PAS-2(sialoglycoprotein) present in human erythrocyte membrane were almost absent from the bovine erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-positive band near the origin of the electraphorograms, which is named as PAS-B in this study. The PAS-1 and PAS-2 present in human erythrocyte membrane were almost absent from race horse erythrocyte membranes, but PAS-2 was more in only race horse from that of human. The PAS-1 and PAS-2 were absolutely absent from the Jindo dog erythrocyte membrane. These results suggest the slow sedimentation rate of bovine erythrocytes is due in part to the presence of band Q protein fraction and PAS-B glycoprotein in the bovine erythrocytes, and that the fast sedimentation rate of race horse erythrocyte is due in part to the presence of more band 3 protein fraction and PAS-E glycoproteins in the race horse erythrocytes.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.239-253
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• 2024

This research applies both point-wise and pair-wise learning strategies within the learning-to-rank (LTR) framework to predict horse race rankings in Seoul. Specifically, for point-wise learning, we employ a linear model and random forest. In contrast, for pair-wise learning, we utilize tools such as RankNet, and LambdaMART (XGBoost Ranker, LightGBM Ranker, and CatBoost Ranker). Furthermore, to enhance predictions, race records are standardized based on race distance, and we integrate various datasets, including race information, jockey information, horse training records, and trainer information. Our results empirically demonstrate that pair-wise learning approaches that can reflect the order information between items generally outperform point-wise learning approaches. Notably, CatBoost Ranker is the top performer. Through Shapley value analysis, we identified that the important variables for CatBoost Ranker include the performance of a horse, its previous race records, the count of its starting trainings, the total number of starting trainings, and the instances of disease diagnoses for the horse.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.130-139
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• 2018

In ancient times, horse racing was done in ancient European countries in the form of wagon races or mountain races, and wagon racing was adopted as a regular event at the Greek Olympic Games. Thoroughbred horse has been bred since 17th century by intensive selective breeding for its speed, stamina, and racing ability. Then, in the 18th century, horse racing using the Thoroughbred species began to gain popularity among nobles. Since then, horse racing has developed into various forms in various countries and have developed into flat racing, steeplechasing, and harness racing. Thoroughbred racehorse has excellent racing abilities because of powerful selection breeding strategy for 300 years. It is necessary to maintain and maximize horses' ability to race, because horse industries produce enormous economic benefits through breeding, training, and horse racing. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods which process large amounts of genomic data have been developed recently. Based on the remarkable development of these genomic analytical techniques, it is now possible to easily carry out animal breeding strategies with superior traits. In order to select breeding racehorse with superior racing traits, the latest genomic analysis techniques have to be introduced. In this paper, we will review the current efforts to improve race performance for racehorses and to examine the research trends of genomic analysis. Finally, we suggest to utilize genomic analysis in Thoroughbred racehorse and Jeju horse, and propose a strategy for selective breeding for Jeju horse, which contributes job creation of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.589-598
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine risk factors for pathological gambling of horse race participants. Methods: The participants, 508 horse race gamblers, completed the DSM-IV criteria of pathological gambling, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K) and Symptom Checklist-47-Revision (SCL-47-R). Data were analyzed using t-test, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analyses. Behaviors related to horse racing, alcohol abuse, and mental health were analyzed between problem or pathological gamblers compared to recreational gamblers. Results: The prevalence rates of recreational, problem, and pathological gambling were 36.6%, 39.4%, and 24.0%, respectively. Frequency of gambling (${\geq}4/day$), frequency of racetrack visiting (${\geq}3/month$), accompaniment (alone), and mental health (SCL-47-R scores) were all associated with increased risks of problem and pathological gambling. Expenditure on betting (${\geq}200,000$ won/day) and alcohol abuse (AUDIT-K 8-20 scores) group members had higher levels of gambling pathology than recreational gamblers. Conclusion: Problem and pathological gambling are highly associated with alcohol abuse and mental health disorders, suggesting that clinicians should carefully evaluate this population.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1133-1146
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• 2015

The Horse race industry has the largest proportion of the domestic legal gambling industry. However, there is limited statistical analysis on horse races versus other sports. We propose prediction models for winning horses in horse races using data mining techniques such as logistic regression, linear regression, and random forest. Horse races data are from the Korea Racing Authority and we use horse racing reports, information of racehorses, jockeys, and horse trainers. We consider two models based on ranks and time records. The analysis results show that prediction of ranks is affected by information on racehorses, number of wins of racehorses and jockeys. We place wagers for the last month of races based on our prediction models that produce serious profits.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.217-222
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• 2020

A 3-year-old male Thoroughbred serving as a Korean racehorse named RAON PORTEOUS presented with acute lameness concomitant with edema and fever in the right carpal joint after completing a horse race. Through radiological examination using lateromedial oblique, flexed lateromedial oblique and dorsopromixal-dorsodistal oblique views, the horse was diagnosed with a slab fracture in the 3^rd carpal bone of right forelimb. The fracture was surgically approached and corrected by applying 4.5 mm leg screw fixation during surgery. At eight months post-surgery, the horse was able to return to racing and has had successful racing performances with two wins and several prizes in the last 8 months. This is the first reported case of the successful use of lag screw fixation surgery in Korea with the horse showing complete recovery from a severe injury that is often considered fatal in a racehorse.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.253-257
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• 2010

A 3-year-old female Thoroughbred racehorse was presented following the accidental oral and skin administration of amitraz. This case report describes the clinical signs and the treatment of this horse. Clinical signs of amitraz toxicosis are associated with the stimulation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Amitraz is seldom fatal because the effects can be reversed by alpha2-adrenergic antagonists. The horse displayed typical clinical signs of colic, including pawing, small hard drops, tranquillisation, depression, ataxia, muscular incoordination and impaction colic lasting up to 7 days. The syndrome was accompanied by mild dehydration. The horse survived after persistent symptomatic treatment, including the giving of intravenous fluids, antibiotics, multiple doses of mineral oil per os, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and dexamethasone intramuscularly and intravenously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2002

This paper is extended the meaning and period of CONICAL HAT. That is, the race in Central Asia and Western Asia have worn the conical hat before Scytian appeared. One in conical hat puts on the clothes of two-piece style and has the lifestyle. a horse riding and nomadism. Besides the race originate into the Indo-European language family. On the whole the conical hat has relations with the region and is classified into two groups. Scytian and Klin-Yar style. First. the Scytian style of low hat forms the seam of two-piece and is discovered in Southern Russia. Central Asia and East-Northern Asia. Second, the Klin-Yar style of high hat forms the one piece and generally is discovered in Asia Minor and west of Altai. Until now the moaning of the conical hat has focused on the military. However, one in Central Asia and Western Asia is mostly a king. nobility and god. Therefore, in addition to the meaning of military. I estimate that the conical hat may be expressed as the noble status.