• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2000

Le fort II osteotomy is much useful technique to correct the midfacial hypoplasia including nasomaxillary complex especilly in patient with dish face appearance. Not in simple orthognathic surgery but in Le Fort II osteotomy, the standardization of prognostic value is essential in treatment planning to achieve satisfactory postoperative results. According to pervious reports, the ratio of soft tissue change to hard tissue movements varies as to different surgical methods and different facial regions. But there are few report about the ratio of soft tissue change to hard tissue movement following Le Fort II osteotomy. So we tried to develop standarized soft tissue surgical treatment objective. We have followed up 16 patients, who had received Le Fort II osteotomy by one operator from 1990 to 1996, one year postoperatively. In cephalometrics, we used Frankfort line as horizontal reference line, and vertical reference line as one drawn from Sella to horizontal line perpendicularly. The landmarks are G to soft tissue G, N on reference line to soft tissue N, ANS to Pn and A to Sn. The results are as follows. 1. The value of soft tissue change to hard tissue movement showed positive correlation, having statistical significancy at G, N2, N3 point. 2. At G, N2, N3 point, the ratio of soft tissue change to hard tissue movement was 0.51, 0.98 and 0.80 respectively and showed statistical significancy, while at N1, ANS, A point, that was 0.72, 0.49 and 0.26 but didn't showed statistical significance. 3. This result shows much the same change of the soft tissue change to hard tissue movement on the upper nasomaxilla, and less the same change on the lower maxilla and so the Le Fort II osteotomy can be recommended as a reliable effective operation method for correction of nasomaxillary retrusion.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.1356-1363
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• 1999

In this paper, a new method for controlling the pointing device using EOG(electrooculogram) signal generated from eye movement was suggested. The basic idea of the method is to control the direction of pointer, as using the results of measuring each component of the horizontal EOG and the vertical EOG by angle of eye-gaze. As a practical example, pointing device controlling the personal computer's pointer is manufactured. The designed pointing device consists of pre-amplifier, A/D converter, serial transmission device and PC program. That is, first, the EOG is amplified by pre-amplifier. Secondly, the amplified EOG is digitized and transmitted to personal computer by PIC16C74A. Finally, the software for controlling the pointer on personal computer is programed. As the result, the measured horizontal EOG and vertical EOG by eye-gaze angle had high linearity; the correlation coefficients of the regression line were 0.998 and 0.996 respectively. And the developed pointing device is able to control the personal computer's pointer, and the average of the errors between the objective value and the observed value had 3.77% for horizontal axis and 5.85% for vertical axis. The pointing device developed in this study is able to control personal computer's pointer by subject's eye movement, that is, the user's intention. Furthermore, the algorithm of this study is applicable for many field, such as a new method remote control, a new wheelchair control and so forth.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 강성벽체가 됫채움 모래로부터 바깥쪽으로 수평이동할 경우에, 다양한 이동단계 에서 발생되는 정적 및 동적수평토압의 크기를 예측키 위해 Sokolovskii의 한계평형이론을 변형한 해석방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 해석방법을 토대로 얻어진 결과치와 Fang및 Sherif등이 밝힌 실험치가 벽체의 다양한 이동단계에서 잘 일치하고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 또한 벽체뒷면을 연직으로 하는 대신에 됫채움쪽으로 일정한 각도만큼 경사지게 하였을때 예상되는 정적 및 동적수평토압 합력의 감소효과도 분석하였다. 이외에도, 옹벽설계에 중요시 되는 벽마찰각 및 됫채움 모래의 내부마찰각 크기등이 정적수평토압 및 동적수평주동토압의 합력에 미치는 영향도 검토하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.561-568
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• 2003

The protection of adjacent structures in urban excavation has been an important issue. But the research on the interaction between ground movements and adjacent structure has been scarce, therefore this study was necessitated. Current design practice for the prediction of excavation-induced ground movements heavily rely on empirical method. In this study, damage levels of brick building are examined closely by means of angular distortion, deflection ratio, horizontal strain. The results of numerical analysis indicated that the movement of actual building was 60∼65% of the ground movement, while angular distortion was 45∼65%. Also numerical analysis for the assessment of brick building can be applied to the building protection at various construction stages.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.358-363
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• 2006

This paper demonstrates a new non-contact electronic joystick using single hall sensor which detects a horizontal vector of the magnetic field. Furthermore, in this paper, it is mathematically modeled that nonlinear characteristics between the output of hall sensor and the movement of joystick bar. The dynamic horizontal vector of magnetic flux is detected by the hall sensor while a permanent magnet is rotated with the joystick bar, which has two dimension detecting area. Using the nonlinear adjustment equations, the output signals of hall sensor have been linearized to give higher accuracy in the two dimension movement. Finally, through the real experiments, it is showed that the single hall sensor structure mechanism is superior to the dual sensor structure in sensing the two-dimensional motion without offset.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2018

PURPOSE. When performing an occlusal procedure, it is recommended that the patient should be sitting straight with the head in a natural position. An inappropriate mandibular position caused by an incorrect occlusal record registration or occlusal adjustment can result in damaged teeth and cause functional disorders in muscles and temporomandibular joints. The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of horizontal cephalic rotation on mandibular position by investigating the three-dimensional positions of condylar and incisal points. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A three-dimensional jaw movement measurement device with six degrees of freedom (the WinJaw System) was used to measure condylar and incisal points. The subjects were asked to sit straight with the head in a natural position. The subjects were then instructed to rotate their head horizontally $0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $40^{\circ}$, $50^{\circ}$and $60^{\circ}$ in the right or left direction. RESULTS. The results indicated that horizontal cephalic rotation made the condyle on the rotating side shift forward, downward, and toward the inside, and the condyle on the counter rotating side shift backward, upward, and toward the outside. Significant differences in deviations were found for angles of rotation higher than $20^{\circ}$. The incisal point shifted in the forward and counterrotating directions, and significant differences were found for angles of rotation higher than $20^{\circ}$. CONCLUSION. The mandibular position was altered by horizontal cephalic rotations of more than $20^{\circ}$. It is essential to consider the possibility of deviation of the mandibular position during occlusal procedures.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1991

The author examined the patterns and various ranges of mandibular movements in TMJ lock closed patients in the frontal, sagittal and horizontal plane and obtained the following results. 1. In the frontal trajectory, the mean amount of maximum mouth opening was 24.4mm and the opening paths were deviated to the affected side in 87.1% of the patients. The mean amount of maximum laterotrusion to the affected side was 10.4mm and that of non-affected side was 7.5mm. There was a significant difference between them(p<0.001). 2. In the sagittal trajectory, the mean amount of the maximum protrusion was 7.0mm, the mean amount of the maximal retrusion was 1.0mm 3. In the horizontal trajectory, the pattern of laterotrusion showed asymmetry: the mean length of non-affected side was smaller than that of the affected side. Protrusive path were deviated to the affected side in 64.5% of the patients, the mean degree of deviation was 16.4$^{\circ}$. The mandibular movements of TMJ lock-closed patients can be characterized by decreased range of mouth opening, protrusive movement, and laterotrusive movement to the non-affected side and also characterized by deviated opening and protrusive path to the affected side.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.602-614
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to suggest the proper ease of total crotch length concerning both appearance and comfort. The research processes as follows. 1) For the purpose of obtaining the necessary ease of slacks in body movement, experimental slacks of no ease of total crotch length were made. Three college girls putting on these experimental slacks were examined on their back middle waist lines using cross-cut method. 2) Experimental slacks for suggesting the proper ease consist of 7 types; slacks CO, Wl, W3, W5, W7, C3, C5. The sensory evaluation for appearance and comfort was applied to evaluate the 7 slacks. The results can be summarized as follows. 1. As the leg-movement angle increased, the vertical space increased and the horizontal space decreased. There was negative relationship between vertical and horizontal space. And as the leg.movement angle increased, the area of space increased. The shapes of space showed the amounts of space and the direction of force by the movements. 2. The appearances of slacks C3, W3, C5 were better than the other slacks. The eases of the crotch were better than those of the waist line in appearance. And slakcs W7 was better than any other , ;lacks in comfort. When the amount of each part of eases was same, the comfort in eases of crotch was not as good as that of waist line. 3. In slacks, the proper ease of total crotch length was 3% and 5% of total crotch length.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.349-359
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• 2020

Quantification of the influence of the fracture of thick magmatic rock (TMR) on the behavior of its overlying strata is a prerequisite to the understanding of the deformation behavior of the earth's surface in deep mining. A three-dimensional numerical model of a special geological mining condition of overlying TMR was developed to investigate the overburden movement and fracture law, and compare the influence of the occurrence horizon of TMR. The research results show that the movement of overlying rock was greatly affected by the TMR. Before the fracture of TMR, the TMR had shielding and controlling effects on the overlying strata, the maximum vertical and horizontal displacement values of overlying strata were 0.68 m and 0.062 m. After the fracture, the vertical and horizontal displacements suddenly increased to 3.06 m and 0.105 m, with an increase of 350% and 69.4%, respectively, and the higher the occurrence of TMR, the smaller the settlement of the overlying strata, but the wider the settlement span, the smaller the corresponding deformation value of the basin edge (the more difficult the surface to crack). These results are of tremendous importance for the control of rock strata and the revealing of surface deformation mechanism under TMR mining conditions in mines.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the craniocervical posture on swallowing and hyoid bone movement with sitting posture in wheelchair, and to provide basic data for developing a treatment program for dysphagia. A total of sixty healthy adults without a history of dysphagia who were guardians or care assistants of inpatients at Hospital K underwent video fluoroscopy performed by physiatrists from April to July 2009. The results of the fluoroscopy were analyzed based on the measurement of hyoid bone movements. The hyoid bone movement(horizontal, vertical, and diagonal) was significantly high in the neutral craniocervical, chin-tuck, and sixty degrees extension postures, in descending order(p<.05). It was found that the neutral craniocervical posture is the most effective posture for hyoid bone movement with sitting posture in wheelchair.