• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2014

유방암 환자들에 대한 방사선치료에서 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법을 쐐기접선조사기법과 선량측정면에서 비교분석하고자 이 연구를 수행했다. 우측 유방암 환자 20명과 좌측 유방암 환자 10명에 대해 후향적으로 연구를 시행했다. 각 환자에 대해 쐐기접선조사기법과 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법을 이용한 방사선치료 계획을 수립한 후에 선량학적 분석을 시도했다. 방사선치료계획용 표적체적에 대한 선량학적 비교 분석을 위해 homogeneity index, conformity index, uniformity index를 사용했다. 또한 폐와 심장에 대한 선량학적 분석을 위해서 평균선량값과 10, 20, 30 Gy 이상을 조사받는 체적의 백분율을 비교했다. 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법은 쐐기접선조사기법에 비해 계획표적체적에 대해 선량측정면에서 통계적으로 의미있게 더 나은 결과를 보였다. 폐에 대한 방사선량도 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법을 사용했을 때 10 Gy, 30 Gy 이상 조사받는 체적의 백분율이 통계적으로 의미있게 낮았다. 좌측 유방암 환자들에서 심장에 대한 방사선량을 측정했을 때에도 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법을 사용했을 때 평균선량값, 20 Gy, 30 Gy이상 조사받는 체적의 백분율이 더 낮은 것을 알 수 있었다. 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법은 쐐기접선조사기법에 비해 유방의 표적체적에 대한 선량균일성, 적합성 등에서 더 나은 결과를 보였다. 또한 순치료계획 세기변조방사선치료법을 사용했을 때 폐와 심장에 대한 방사선량도 더 낮출 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.158-169
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the Gratitude Enhancement Program on self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, gratitude disposition, subjective happiness, stress index in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: The research was designed for a nonequivalent control group before and after the test design. The subjects of this study were 29 patients in the experimental group and 28 patients in the control group. The Gratitude Enhancement Program was conducted three times a week for a total of nine sessions. Data were collected with questionnaires and measured with autonomic nervous system response (stress index) and was analyzed by t-test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact, and repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: There are no significant differences in the homogeneity test of a dependent variable between groups. The experimental group showed significant higher scores of self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, gratitude disposition, and subjective happiness than the control group. There was no significant difference in the stress index between two groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, this Gratitude Enhancement Program can be a good nursing intervention to improve self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, gratitude disposition, and subjective happiness for chronic schizophrenia patients.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2015

Techniques, using physical wedge filter and using dynamic wedge filter and FIF(Field in Field) and ISCT(Irregular Surface Compensating Technique), have been developed according to progress of radiation therapy of breast cancer. Measurement of dose was done to judge the usefulness of technique using three cases, non tissue loss after breast conserving operating and tissue loss after breast conserving operating and mastectomy. Dose indexes of breast tissue, CI (Conformity Index), HI (Homogeneity Index) and QOC (Quality of Coverage), dose index of skin, or dose indexes of lung, volume of 50 percent dose and 20 percent dose were estimated and compared. Using dynamic wedge filter is useful plan at non tissue loss allowing for high dose of lung. FIF and ISCT are useful plan at tissue loss. ISCT is useful plan at mastectomy. Henceforth, we need to apply to valid plan and body type and thorax size.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권10호
• /
• pp.3816-3823
• /
• 2022

This work analyzed the dosimetric difference between the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), partial/single/double-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (PA/SA/DA-VMAT) techniques in treatment planning for treating more than one target of lung cancer at different isocenters. IMRT and VMAT plans at different isocenters were created systematically using a Harold heterogeneous lung phantom. The conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), gradient index (GI), dose-volume histogram and mean and maximum dose of the PTV were calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, the dose-volume histogram and mean and maximum doses of the OARs such as right lung, contralateral lung and non GTV were determined from the plans. The IMRT plans showed the superior target dose coverage, higher mean and maximum values than other VMAT techniques. PA-VMAT technique shows more lung sparing and DA-VMAT increases the V_5/10/20 values of contralateral lung than other VMAT and IMRT techniques. The IMRT technique achieves highly conformal dose distribution to the target than other VMAT techniques. Comparing to the IMRT plans, the higher V_5/10/20 and mean lung dose were observed in the contralateral lung in the DA-VMAT.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2010

목 적: 유방암의 접선조사 시 쐐기필터를 이용한 Conventional RT 기법과 정적다엽조리개를 이용한 FiF-IMRT 기법을 이용하여 전산화 치료계획 시 발생하는 선량분포의 차이를 환자의 유방 크기와 형태에 따라 분류하여 비교 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 유방암 환자 30명을 대상으로 Eclipse treatment planning system ($Varian^{TM}$, USA, V8.0)을 사용하여 전산화 치료 계획을 시행하여 유방의 크기와 형태에 따라 분류하고, Dose Volume Histogram (DVH)을 이용하여 Conformity Index (CI)와 Homogeneity Index (HI)를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: CI값은 ${\pm}1.2%$의 차이를 나타냈으며 FiF-IMRT의 경우 Conventional RT보다 HI값이 평균 1.67% 낮은 값으로 유방의 크기와 형태에 따른 분류값과 ${\Delta}HI$ (%)값의 상관관계를 알아본 결과 단면길이와 부피에서 높은 상관관계를 보였으며 통계적으로 유의(P<0.01)하였다. 결 론: 유방의 단면 길이와 부피가 증가할수록 Conventional RT의 경우보다 FiF-IMRT로 전산화 치료계획 시 유방 내의 선량 균등성이 향상되었으며 유방의 크기에 따라 그 효과가 다르므로 유방의 크기에 따른 적절한 치료계획이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제39권10호
• /
• pp.891-904
• /
• 2006

합리적인 수공구조물의 설계를 위해서 확률강우량의 산정은 필수적이며, 확률 강우량을 산정하는 기법은 크게 지점빈도해석과 지역빈도해석으로 구분 지을 수 있다 이 중에서 지역빈도해석은 지점의 부족한 강우자료를 보완하기 위해서 L-모멘트로 확률분포형의 매개변수를 추정하고, 강우 계열의 동질성이 검정된 자료를 빈도분석하여 확률 강우량을 결정하는 기법이다. 이와 같은 지역빈도해석 기법은 매개변수를 선형조합하여 확률분포형의 종류와 크기 및 형상을 결정하여 확률 강우량을 산정하게 된다. 여기서 각 지점별 강우 자료들이 동질성 검정을 통과하였다 하더라도 지점별로 최적의 분포형이 다를 수 있으나, 부족한 강우자료를 보완하기 위해서 동일한 분포형을 따르는 것으로 가정하고 빈도해석을 수행하게 된다. 그러므로 지역빈도해석기법은 확률 분포형을 가정하고 강우자료를 적용하는 과정에서 기존에 매개변수적 빈도해석의 약점을 갖게 된다 따라서 본 연구에서는 변동핵밀도 함수를 동질성이 확보된 강우자료에 적용하여 빈도해석을 수행함으로써 기존의 빈도해석이 가지는 약점을 극복하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 기상청에서 관리하는 16개 강우관측소의 강우자료를 수집하여 매년최대 연강우량 계열을 구성해 지점빈도해석과 지역빈도해석을 수행하였다. 지점빈도해석은 매개변수적 기법과 비매개변수적 기법을 모두 적용하였으며, 지역빈도채석은 Index Flood 기법과 L-모멘트 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 변동핵밀도함수를 지역빈도해석에 적용하였으며, 각 기법별로 산정된 확률강우량을 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.99-105
• /
• 2012

치료 테이블 회전, 아크 간 콜리메이터 회전 각도가 광자에너지별 전립선암 래피드아크 치료계획의 선량분포에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 6 MV와 10 MV 광자 에너지에 대해 2 아크(two arcs)를 사용하여 아크 간 콜리메이터 각도 차이가 $0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $75^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$인 경우와 치료 테이블 회전 유무에 따라 치료계획을 시행하였다. 선량 최적화를 위한 표적 및 중요 장기의 선량 제한치(dose constraints)를 동일하게 적용하여 계산하였고 선량 분포를 평가하기 위해 CI (Conformity index), HI (Homogeneity index), QOC (Quality of Coverage) 등의 정량화된 선량 지표를 구하여 각 치료계획의 최적화 결과를 비교하였다. 그 결과 치료계획표적용적과 중요장기의 선량 지표 차이는 3.6% 이하로 광자에너지, 치료테이블, 아크 간 콜리메이터 각도의 영향은 크지 않았다. 그러나 표적에서 먼 정상조직의 경우 저 선량 영역 차이가 크게 나타났다. 좌우 대퇴골두의 V15%는 6 MV 일 때 각각 6.4%, 5.5% 높았고, 치료테이블 회전 시에는 23.4%, 24.1% 높게 나타났다. 표적에서 먼 영역(Far Region)의 V10%는 6 MV 일 때 54.2 cc, 치료테이블 회전이 없을 때 343.4 cc, 아크 간 콜리메이터 각도가 $0^{\circ}$일 때 457.8 cc 크게 나타났다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 2016

Purpose: To compare the dose distribution between carotid sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and opposed lateral field technique (LAFT), and to determine the effects of carotid sparing IMRT in early glottic cancer patients who have risk factors for atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: Ten early glottic cancer patients were treated with carotid sparing IMRT. For each patient, the conventional LAFT plan was developed for comparison. IMRT and LAFT plans were compared in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage, conformity index, homogeneity index, and the doses to planning organ at risk volume (PRV) for carotid arteries, spinal cord and pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Results: Recurrence was not observed in any patients during the follow-up period. $V_{95%}$ for PTV showed no significant difference between IMRT and LAFT plans, while $V_{100%}$ was significantly higher in the IMRT plan (95.5% vs. 94.6%, p = 0.005). The homogeneity index (11.6%) and conformity index (1.4) in the IMRT plan were significantly better than those in the LAFT plans (8.5% and 5.1, respectively) (p = 0.005). The median $V_{5Gy}$ (90.0%), $V_{25Gy}$ (13.5%), and $V_{50Gy}$ (0%) for carotid artery PRV in the IMRT plan were significantly lower than those in the LAFT plan (99.1%, 89.0%, and 77.3%, respectively) (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Our study suggests that carotid sparing IMRT can significantly decrease the dose to carotid arteries compared to LAFT, and it would be considered for early glottic cancer patient with high risk of atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study determined the effect of inter dental brush education on the dental plaque index, and the degree of halitosis for elementary school students. Methods: The study was performed on a non-equivalent control group, with a pre-test and post-test design. The study was intended for a total of 50 students. They were divided into two groups; an experimental group of 25 students and a control group of 25 students. The experimental group participated in inter dental brush education. The education took about 20 minutes, and was provided once a week, for a total of three weeks. To quantify the effect, the two groups were compared in terms of the dental plaque index and the degree of halitosis. Results: Without inter dental brush education, or a test for homogeneity, in the sense of exact equivalence of the dental plaque index and the degree of halitosis between the experimental and the control group, was supported. (p>.799, p>.876). 1) The first hypothesis, "The experimental group, who participated in inter dental brush education, would reveal a lower dental plaque indices than the control group", was supported (t=5.78, p<.001). 2) The second hypothesis, "The experimental group, who participated in inter dental brush education, would reveal a lower degrees of halitosis than the control group", was supported (t=4.49, p<.001). Conclusion: The proposed inter dental brush education is effective in improving the dental plaque index and the degree of halitosis for elementary school students.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.58-75
• /
• 2007

This study held human measurement for 200 male subjects in their twenties in full age living in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province in China. Their lower body types were classified and grouped according to shapes and sizes. Consequently, representative body type reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics were chosen and presented with their measurement values to be used as the basic data for slacks pattern making and fitness evaluation. The following are the results of the analysis: 1. Homogeneity analysis was given to determine the correspondence relationships among index types, indirect types, and size types. Index Type 1 (H-Round), Indirect Type 2 (Adjacent Straight Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 1 (Medium-Thick) were correlated; Index Type 2 (A-Trapezoid), Indirect Type 1 (Bow Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 3 (Small-Slim) were corresponded; Index Type 3 (A-Balance), Indirect Type 3 (Balance Legs & Large Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 2 (Tall-Normal) were mutually related. 2. Mahalanobis distance based on each shape factor (index or indirect) and size factor (absolute) was obtained, while an index-absolute representative body type group (47 people, 24.4%) and an indirect-absolute representative body type group (45 people, 23.7%) were chosen, each reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics. 3. The representative body type group of lower body shapes of Chinese males in their 20s had average measurement values, such as 169.15cm (stature), 73.32cm (waist circumference), 75.76cm (omphalion waist circumference), 91.08cm (hip circumference), 106.02cm (outside leg length), 53.96cm (thigh circumference), and 74.42cm (crotch length).