• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 1998

The toxicity of DA-125. a new anthracycline anticancer agent, on the male reproductive system was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty male rats were rando$m\ell$y assigned to Jour groups with ten rats in each group and given single intraveneous doses of DA-125 at dose levels of 0. 12.5. 25. and 50 mg/kg body weight. On day 56 after treatment the animals were allowed to mate. and their male reproductive Junctions and organs were examined in detail. Copulated females were sacrificed on day 20 of gestation for examination of embryo-fetal development. One out of ten rats in the 50 mg/kg group died on day 12 after treatment. Clinical signs such as emaciation. sedation, anorexia. swelling. dark material around eye. alopecia. and diarrhea were observed in the 25 and/or 50 mg/kg groups. Reduction in the body weight gain. decrease in the absolute weights of testes. epididymis and seminal vesicles. and/or decrease in the number of testicular sperm heads were also found. Although histopathological changes such as atrophy of seminiferous tubules. loss or decrease of spermatogenic cells. exfoliation of spermatogenic cells. vacuolization of Sertoli cells. decrease of sperm. and/or increase of necrotic spermatogenic cells in epididymal ducts were observed. no adverse effects on the motility and morphology of epididymal sperm. copulation index. fertility index. and embryo-fetal development were detected in the 25 and 50 mg/kg groups. There were no evidences of male reproductive toxicity in the 12.5 mg/kg group. These results show that single intravenouse doses of DA-125 produce significant dose-related testicular atrophy. histopathological changes. and oligozoospermia in rats and $LD_{10}$ for DA-125 appears to be 50 mg/kg body weight.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 1990

평균체중(平均體重) 30 g의 향어에 과산화물가(過酸化物價) 98 meq/kg된 배합사료(配合飼料)를 4개월간(個月間) 투여(投與)한 결과(結果) 이들 향어의 간장(肝臟), 비장(脾臟), 신장(腎臟)에는 많은 ceroid가 침착(沈着)되었다. 이를 제거(除去)하기 위하여 glutathione을 첨가(添加)한 사료(飼料)를 투여(投與)하여 그 치료효과(治療效果)를 실험(實驗)하였다. 향어 1kg당 glutathione 유효성분(有效成分)을 1일(日) 3mg 및 6mg 섭취시키고 10일(日) 및 20일(日) 후(後)에 검사(檢査)한 결과(結果) 20일간(日間) 투여(投與)하면 치료효과(治療效果)가 뚜렷함을 알았다. Glutathione을 6 mg, 20일간(日間) 투여(投與)한 향어의 혈액성상(血液性狀)은 hematocrit 값, 총단백질량(總蛋白質量), 총(總) cholesterol량(量), glucose 값이 정상(正常)과 근사(近似)하였으며 비정상치(非正常値)였던 GOT, GPT 값은 정상치(正常値)로 향하여 감소(減少)되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.259-272
• /
• 2018

This study aims to investigate the protective effects of kefir against myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol (ISO). The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group consisting of 8 rats. The control group, the kefir group (5 mL/kg/d kefir administered to rats as intra-gastric gavage for 60 d), the ISO group (100 mg/kg ISO was administered to rats, s.c. on 61. and 62. d), and kefir+ISO group (5 mL/kg/d kefir was administered to rats intra gastric gavage for 60 days prior to ISO, 100 mg/kg in two doses on day 61 and 62). 12 h after the last ISO dose, all rats were decapitated and their blood samples were collected. Cardiac tissue was reserved for histopathological examination. creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), triglycerides, total cholesterol,very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and glucose were measured by autoanalyzer, whole blood malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels were measured spectrophotometrically. It was determined that in the group of kefir+ISO, the levels of AST (p<0.001), CK (p<0.001), LDH (p<0.001), MDA (p<0.001) and AOPP (p<0.001) were decreased, while the GSH (p<0.05) increased, compared to ISO group. There were no significant changes in lipid profile and glucose levels between these two groups. In conclusion, by examining cardiac enzymes and histopathological changes in cardiac tissue, it can be concluded that the administration of kefir in myocardial infarction induced by ISO can protect the heart with its antioxidant characteristic and minimize the toxic damage created by ISO.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.835-850
• /
• 2018

The dramatic improvements in the growth rate and breast muscle size and yield in broilers through the intensive genetic selection, and the improvement in nutrition and management over the past 50 years have introduced serious abnormalities that influenced the quality of breast meat. The abnormalities include pale-soft-exudative (PSE) conditions, deep pectoral muscle (DPM) myopathy, spaghetti meat (SM), white striping (WS), and woody breast (WB) that have serious negative implications to the broiler meat industry. The incidences of PSE and DPM have been known for several decades, and their prevalence, etiology and economic impact have been well discussed. However, other abnormalities such as SM, WS and WB conditions have been reported just for few years although these conditions have been known for some time. The newly emerging quality issues in broilers are mainly associated with the Pectoralis major muscles, and the incidences have been increased dramatically in some regions of the world in recent years. As high as 90% of the broilers are affected by the abnormalities, which are expected to cause from $200 million to $1 billion economic losses to the U.S. poultry industry per year. So, this review mainly discusses the histopathological characteristics and biochemical changes in the breast muscles with the emphasis on the newly emerging abnormalities (SM, WS, and WB) although other abnormalities are also discussed. The impacts of the anomalies on the nutritional, functional, mechanical and sensory quality of the meat and their implications to the poultry industry are discussed.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.279-288
• /
• 2016

To observe the potential hepatoprotective effects of Gongjin-dan on the acute ethanol (EtOH)-induced liver damages in C57BL/6 mice with its possible action mechanisms. EtOH-mediated acute hepatic damages were induced by oral administration of EtOH total 3 doses. The changes on the body weight, liver weight, albumin, TG, AST, ALP, ALT, hepatic TG contents, hepatic antioxidant defense system, TNF-α, CYP 2E1 activity and mRNA expressions of hepatic lipogenic genes - SREBP-1c, SCD1, ACC1, FAS, PPARγ and DGAT2 or genes involved in fatty acid oxidation - PPARα, ACO and CPT1 were observed with final liver histopathological inspections after 15 days of continuous administration of silymarin 200 mg/kg, Gongjin-dan (GJD) 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg. The results were compared with silymarin 200 mg/kg treated mice. Marked decreases of body and liver weights, increases of serum AST, ALT, Albumin and TG levels, hepatic TG contents, TNF-α level, CYP 2E1 activity and mRNA expressions of hepatic lipogenic genes or decreases mRNA expressions of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation were observed with histopathological changes related hepatosteatosis increases of immunolabelled hepatocytes, as the results of a binge drinking of EtOH in the present study. Also destroys of hepatic antioxidant defense systems were demonstrated in EtOH control mice as compared with intact vehicle control mice, respectively. The results suggest that oral administration of 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg of GJD favorably protected the liver damages from acute mouse EtOH intoxications.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2010

Object : This study was to evaluate the effect of Ginseng Radix, aqueous extracts of the root part of Panax ginseng on the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil(PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Methods : Aqueous extracts of Ginseng Radix(GR; yield = 11.70%) were administered, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 300 and 150 mg/kg(body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10mg/kg for 28 days. The changes in the body weight, thyroid gland weights, serum levels of thyroid hormone-thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), tri-iodothyronine(T3) and thyroxine(T4), total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL), high density lipoprotein(HDL) and triglyceride, liver antioxidant defense system-lipid peroxidation, $H_2O_2$, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were observed with histopathology of thyroid glands. Results : Results were compared with LevoT4 0.5mg/kg treated rats. GR extracts suppressed the decreases in the body weight, thyroid gland weights, T3 and T4, TG, liver $H_2O_2$ and SOD activities as results of PTU treatment. And GR extracts suppressed the increases of HDL contents, liver CAT activities, thyroid gland weight as results of PTU treatment. In addition, marked hyperplasia of follicular cells with decreases of follicular colloid contentsand sizes were demonstrated at histopathological inspections. However, these PTU-induced histopathological changes related to hypothyroidism were dramatically decreased by treatment of both different dosages of GR extract, respectively Conclusions : This study suggest that GR extracts have favorable effects on the thyroid hormone productions with beneficial effects on the hypothyroidism mediated by the modulatory effects on the antioxidant defense system.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.337-347
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is chronic skin disease characterized by allergic hypersensitivity reactions. Samhwangsasim-tang Gamibang(SHSST) can treat skin disease by cooling down blood heat, clearing away congenital fever and detoxicating. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of SHSST on AD induced by oxazolone in mice. Methods : We investigated the effects of SHSST on skin tickness, skin lesions, erythema and melanin index, water content and histopathological changes in vivo. The effects on body weights and spleen body weight ratio were also investigated in mice with AD. Results : In our results, oral administration of SHSST ameliorated skin lesion such as flare, erythema, exudate and petechia and lowered skin thickness induced by oxazolone. In addition, SHSST lowered erythema index and elevated water content compared to AD control respectively. In the histopathological observation, oral administration of SHSST prevented epidermal hyperplasia and spongiotic changes which is a hallmark of skin inflammation respectively. Finally, SHSST did not affect spleen/body weight ratio. Conclusions : These data imply that SHSST can ameliorate skin lesion of AD such as flare, erythema, exudate and petechia, and be used to treat AD patients with relative safety.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2005

Objectives & methods; In order to evaluate the in vivo synergic effect of Mawhangyounpye-tang, a traditional poly-herbal formula used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in Korea, with the quinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CPFX), the viable bacterial number and histopathological changes were monitored after experimental respiratory infection with Streptococcus Pneumoniae ATCC 6303. Results: 1. In CPFX groups, the viable bacterial numbers were significantly decreased compared to that of the control group, and were even more dramatically decreased in concomitant group treated with Mawhangyounpye-tang. 2. In the control group, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of alveolar linings were demonstrated at microscopic levels. However, these abnormal histopathological changes were significantly decreased compared. to that of the control group in CPFX groups, and were even more dramatically decreased in concomitant groups treated with Mawhangyounpye-tang. 3. In CPFX groups, the LSA (Iuminal surface of alveoli $\%$) were significantly increased compared to that of the control group, and more dramatically in concomitant groups treated with Mawhangyounpye-tang. Conclusions: According to these results, it is considered that the in vivo antibacterial activity of CPFX against Streptococcus Pneumoniae ATCC 6303 infection of respiratory tract was dramatically increased by concomitant use of Mawhangyounpye-tang.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2000

The organ culture model of the whole mammary gland has many advantages for the study of branching morphogenesis and biological characteristics, including tumorigenesis. Prior to whole gland organ culture, rats were treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) or N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) for one week. The tramdorming effect and the morphological changes were assessed by the whole mount preparations and histopathological examination in terminal end buds (TEB), terminal ducts (TD), alveolar buds (AB), alveolar lobules (AL) and hyperplastic alveolar nodules (HAN) of the mammary gland. Grossfindings of the mammary glands at dissection were higher branching morphogenesis and larger volume in carcinogen-treated groups than in carcinogen-non-treated groups. Results of the whole mount method were coincided with those of the histopathological observations. Circular TEB, normally maintained AB, AL, and high cellular density were more frequently observed in carcinogen-treated groups than in carcinogen-nan-treated groups. Histopathologically, as a preneoplastic marker, HAN was maintained only in mammary organ culture of the carcinogen-treated groups. These findings suggest that in vivo trans-formation effects by carcinogens persisted during the mammary organ culture. These results were more characteristic in DMBA than in MNU-treated group. Ducts and terminal ducts appeared to have lost morphology during their growths in case of without diethylstilbestrol (DES). The fact that in vitro organ culture without DES was resulted in abnormal ductular morphogenesis confirms that DES is a physiological regulator of ductular epithelial cell growth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1995

This study represented an endeavor to observe clinical signs and pathological lesions in broiler chicks suffering from experimental Infectious stunting syndrome(ISS). One hundred and twenty day old broiler chicks were divide randomly into two equal groups i.e. control (A) and inoculated (B). At day one of age each chick of the groups (A and B) was dosed with one ml of either tryptose phosphate broth or prepared inoculum respectively. Chicks of both the groups were housed separately under similar standard management. Inoculation induced characteristic clinical changes in birds of treatment group like of brownish diarrhea, lameness, feather developing problems and paleness of combs, wattles and shanks. By day-29 of the experiment all the stunted birds from group-B and an equal number of birds from group-A were slaughtered. These birds were examined thoroughly to record the gross changes in various structures and then the severely affected organs were processed for histopathological examination. The skeletons of affected birds were brittle, keel bones showed quite prominence while the muscles and subcutaneous tissues were almost devoid of fat. Grossly it was observed that pancreas, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were severely atrophied while the intestines were ballooned with undigested feed and gases. Histopathological examination of pancreas and spleen revealed a classical picture necessary for understanding the pathogenesis of the syndrome. The acivar cells of pancreas were atrophied and underwent vacuolation, degeneration and vecrosis. The zymogen granules were almost absent from the acinar cells. A characteristic change was an inflammatory reaction in one or more pancreatic ducts where the epithelium and fibrous tissues occluded the lumen of the ducts and led to the obstruction in pancreatic drainage.