• Medical Lasers
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Skin aging is reportedly associated with regulation in collagen and elastin synthesis. This study investigated the potential of combining light-emitting diode (LED) treatments using a 630-nm and 850-nm LED with simultaneous microcurrent application. Materials and Methods The dorsal skin of female pigs was treated with a home-use device. We examined the treatment effects using photography, thermocamera, microscopic pathology, and histological examination to determine the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of the procedure. A histological observation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, Victoria blue, and immunohistochemical staining. We also used the Sircol soluble collagen and elastin assay kit to measure the amounts of collagen and elastin in the porcine back skin tissue after 2 and 6 weeks. Results Evaluation by visual inspection and devices showed no skin damage or heat-induced injury at the treatment site. Histological staining revealed that accurate treatment of the targeted dermis layer effectively enhanced collagen and elastin deposition. Collagen type I, a protein defined by immunohistochemical staining, was overexpressed in the early stages of weeks 2 and 6. Combined therapy findings showed the superior capability of the 630-nm and 850-nm LED procedures to induce collagen; in contrast, elastin induction was more pronounced after microcurrent treatments. Conclusion The home-use LED device, comprising a combination of 630-nm and 850-nm LEDs and microcurrent, is safe and can be used as an adjunctive treatment for self-administered facial rejuvenation.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2023

Before progress was recently made in the application of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in bio-mechanical design, orthodontists were rarely able to intrude molars to reduce upper posterior dental height (UPDH). However, TADs are now widely used to intrude molars to flatten the occlusal plane or induce counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Previous studies involving clinical or animal histological evaluation on changes in periodontal conditions after molar intrusion have been reported, however, studies involving human histology are scarce. This case was a Class I malocclusion with a high mandibular plane angle. Upper molar intrusion with TADs was performed to reduce UPDH, which led to counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. After 5 months of upper molar intrusion, shortened clinical crowns were noticed, which caused difficulties in oral hygiene and hindered orthodontic tooth movement. The mid-treatment cone-beam computed tomography revealed redundant bone physically interfering with buccal attachment and osseous resective surgeries were followed. During the surgeries, bilateral mini screws were removed and bulging alveolar bone and gingiva were harvested for biopsy. Histological examination revealed bacterial colonies at the bottom of the sulcus. Infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells underneath the non-keratinized sulcular epithelium was noted, with abundant capillaries being filled with red blood cells. Proximal alveolar bone facing the bottom of the gingival sulcus exhibited active bone remodeling and woven bone formation with plump osteocytes in the lacunae. On the other hand, buccal alveolar bone exhibited lamination, indicating slow bone turnover in the lateral region.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to detect cell death in the liver of mice treated with thioacetamide (TAA) using fluorescence bioimaging and compare this outcome with that using conventional histopathological examination. At 6 weeks of age, 24 mice were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (G1), control group; group 2 (G2), fluorescence probe control group; group 3 (G3), TAA-treated group. G3 mice were treated with TAA. Twenty-two hours after TAA treatment, G2 and G3 mice were treated with Annexin-Vivo 750. Fluorescence in vivo bioimaging was performed by fluorescence molecular tomography at two hours after Annexin-Vivo 750 treatment, and fluorescence ex vivo bioimaging of the liver was performed. Liver damage was validated by histopathological examination. In vivo bioimaging showed that the fluorescence intensity was increased in the right upper part of G3 mice compared with that in G2 mice, whereas G1 mice showed no signal. Additionally ex vivo bioimaging showed that the fluorescence intensity was significantly increased in the livers of G3 mice compared with those in G1 or G2 mice (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination of the liver showed no cell death in G1 and G2 mice. However, in G3 mice, there was destruction of hepatocytes and increased cell death. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining confirmed many cell death features in the liver of G3 mice, whereas no pathological findings were observed in the liver of G1 and G2 mice. Taken together, fluorescence bioimaging in this study showed the detection of cell death and made it possible to quantify the level of cell death in male mice. The outcome was correlated with conventional biomedical examination. As it was difficult to differentiate histological location by fluorescent bioimaging, it is necessary to develop specific fluorescent dyes for monitoring hepatic disease progression and to exploit new bioimaging techniques without dye-labeling.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.109-112
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• 2011

Purpose: Neurofibromas may present as multiple or solitary lesions. Although there is no predilection site for solitary lesions, they are rare on the hand. In addition, solitary intramuscular neurofibromas are a very rare pathological type. Here, we report a rare solitary intramuscular neurofibroma in the hand. This paper examines the clinical characteristics of intramuscular neurofibroma arising from the lumbricalis in order to enable a correct diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A 32-year-old male presented with a painless mass on the palm. The physical examination revealed a $3{\times}2$ cm protruding mass that was non-tender to palpation. The vascular and sensory examinations were unremarkable, while the motor examination showed mild difficulty with flexion and extension. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enhancing solid mass between the thenar eminence and second metacarpophalangeal joint. The diagnosis of an intramuscular neurofibroma was confirmed following surgical excision and histological evaluation. Results: The pathological examination was consistent with a neurofibroma, with delicate fascicles and loose fusiform cells in a fibrous stroma, with oval or spindle-shaped nuclei and scant cytoplasm. The background matrix was pale staining and had focal myxoid stroma. There was no significant nuclear pleomorphism and no mitoses. Immunohistochemistry with S-100 was slightly positive. At the 6-month follow-up, motor and sensory function were intact and the range of motion was full. Conclusion: A neurofibroma is a rare tumor of the hand, especially the intramuscular type. Hand surgeons should consider the diagnosis of this tumor based on the examination and imaging.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to find out the therapeutic effect of Artemisia capillaris extracts on hepatic damage in rats induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_{4}$). In this experiment, 96 Sprague-Dawley rats were used as experimental groups, which were divided into 4 groups; control group(A), $CCl_{4}$-treated group(B), $CCl_{4}$+Artemisia extract-treated group(C) and $CCl_{4}$+silymarin-treated group(D). The B, C, D group were administrated single dose of $CCl_{4}$(2.5 ml/kg) to induce acute hepatic injury. C group was administrated with Artemisia capillaris extract(200 mg/kg/day) and D group treated with silymarin(50 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Hematological, ultrasonographical, histological examinations and examination of antioxidant activity were also performed in all groups. AST and ALT activities of C group were significantly decreased compared with B group. The activities of AST and ALT in C and D groups returned to the normal range more rapidly than those of B group. In ultrasonographic examination, the echogenicity of liver in C group was significantly decreased compared with B group. Also C and D group had tended to recover faster than B group on liver histogram. Histologically, the percentage of degenerative regions and degenerative cell numbers in peri-central vein hepatic parenchyma of C and D group were significantly decreased compared with B group. In examination of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde of hepatic tissue in C group was decreased as compared with B group. In examination of antioxidant enzyme activity in liver, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were significantly increased compared with B group. As results of this study, it is thought that A. capillaris extract has therapeutic effects on hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, and has the similar therapeutic effects as silymarin in rats.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2012

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a new herbal medicine named CWS-A on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and further to determine the mechanism of action. Also, this study was designed to investigate the effects of CWS-A on the changes in rCBF in cerebral ischemic rats and the safety examination of CWS-A in rats regared to body weight change, renal and liver function test, CBC, $LD_{50}$ and histological observation in rats. The rCBF was significantly and stably increased and MABP was significantly decreased by CWS-A during the period of cerebral reperfusion in normal rats. However, there were no here were no significant changes of rCBF in ischemic rats. In additional, there were no significant changes on the safety examination. In conclusion, these results suggest that medication of CWS-A is effective for the improve the cerebral blood flow and CWS-A can be prescribed as vertigo(眩暈) symptoms treatment.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 2017

A-49-year-old male patient with no specific medical history was admitted to the clinic because of persistent epigastric pain radiating to back for 4 months. He had multiple parenchymal tumors in body and tail of pancreas, para-spinal muscle, and mediastinum on abdomen CT image. Cytologic examination of the pancreas which was done by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) showed adenocarcinoma, whereas histological examination of the para-spinal mass showed undifferentiated sarcoma. Histologic examination of the pancreatic mass was made through endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) for accurate diagnosis, and the histologic examination of both the pancreas and posterior mediastinal mass showed the same undifferentiated sarcoma. Therefore, we reviewed the cytopathic tissue obtained from the pancreas for the first time, and it was confirmed to be similar to histologic findings in the mediastinal mass.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2006

During long bone lengthening, there are many disadvantages including axial deviation, malalignment and re-fracture which are commonly encountered inspite of its proven abilities. To study the effects of intramedullary K-wire application on the lengthening of long bone, ten skeletally mature mongrel dogs were separated into two groups(Group I, II). Right femurs of group I(5 dogs) were fixed with only monolateral external fixator after subperiosteal osteotomy. Right femurs of group II(5 dogs) were fixed with mono lateral external fixator and intramedullary K-wire after subperiosteal osteotomy. Lengthening was started at 7 days after the surgery with the rate of 0.5 mm per day for 5 weeks and the dogs were sacrificed after 15 weeks postoperatively to examine histologic differences and evaluate bone mineral density. Radiographic examination at an interval of two weeks was done to evaluate the type of callus formed and to analyze complications including instability of external skeletal fixation and axial deviation. Bone mineral density at the lengthened area and contralateral nonlengthened area were measured using quantitative computerized tomography. Histological examination of regenerated bone was performed using Masson's trichrome stain method. The radiographs demonstrated poor callus formation, higher incidence of axial deviation and screw loosening in the group I compared to the group II. The bone mineral density at the lengthened area in the group II was higher than that of the group I(P<0.05). Histological examination showed that the new bone trabeculae in the group II were greater than that of the group I. In conclusion, the combination of monolateral external fixator and intramedullary K-wire can prevent pin loosening, axial deviation and reduce healing period in dogs.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2004

Thymic cysts are uncommon tumors which usually occur in the neck and mediastinum. It is known to arise from embryonic remnants of the thymopharyngeal duct or from inflammation of thymic tissues. Patients with thymic cyst are often asymptomatic and identified after surgical removal and histologic examination. We experienced a 73 year-old man with recently developed dyspnea. During the examination, chest CT showed a $5\times6cm$ sized cystic mass causing deviation of the trachea. It was located in between the right thyroid gland and anterior mediastinum. It also caused tracheal narrowing noted by bronchoscopy. Right anterior cervical incision and removal of the mass was performed and a histological diagnosis of thymic cyst was confirmed. The patient was discharged without complication.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.429-436
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• 2002

Hydrocepbalus may be an acquired or a congenital condition. We have studied the macroscopic and microscopic changes in the hydrocephalus of an inbred Sprague-Dawley rat at postnatal week 8. The animal suspected with the hydrocephalus showed clinical syndromes such as depression, severe ataxia, eye abnormalities, dome-shaped head, and persistent fontanelle. With the postmortem examination, the suspected animal was clearly revealed as a severe internal hydrocephalus. In this animal, severe ventriculomegaly was limited to the third and lateral ventricles, and cortical thining was most apparent in the parieto-occipital region. With the routine histological examination, brain tissue showed aqueductal obstruction, thinning of the cerebral cortex, severe ependymal damage, subependymal edema, damage of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle, enlarged cortical vessels, and expanded ventricles. Aqueductal obstruction was observed with the appearance of simple stenosis at the level of rostral colliculus. Subsequently, the other structures of brain such as septal nucleus, caudate nucleus, and hippocampus etc. were abnormally reconstructed by hydrocephalus. This study suggests that the hydrocephalus can be taken place by primary aqueductal obstruction and this type of hydrocephalus is classified as uncommunicating type. Though the mechanism of aqueductal obstruction is not clear, the morphological studies of this case may be helpful for the further study of hydrocephalus.