• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2555-2558
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• 2014

Pirpose: The aim of this study to analyze the association between history of diabetes mellitus (DM) with risk of prostate cancer (PCa) and cancer grade among men undergoing radical prostatectomy for PCa. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with DM and 50 patients without DM who undervent radical prostatectomy (RP) were included in the study. Age at biopsy, height, weight, digital rectal examination (DRE), pre-biopsy PSA levels, prostate volume, histopathologic diagnosis after surgery and gleason scores were collected data from all patients. Histologic material obtained at biopsy was given a Gleason score; tumours with a Gleason score ${\geq}7$ were considered high grade and <7 were considered low grade. Results: The mean age at the time of biopsy was 63.7 in patients with DM and 61.6 in patients without DM. Diabetic men had significantly lower PSA levels (p=0.01). Mean PSA level $7.04{\pm}2.85$ in patients with DM and $8.7{\pm}2.86$ in patients without DM, respectively. Also, diabetic men had higher RP tumor grade than men without DM (p=0.04). We found that HbA1c levels were higher in patients who have high grade prostate cancer (p<0.05). Conclusions: Diabetic men undergoing RP have lower PSA levels and have significantly higher grade PCa. We must be careful for screening PCa in patients with DM. Although the patients had lower PSA levels, they might have high grade disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.601-606
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• 1988

Bronchial carcinoid was classified as one of the bronchial adenoma group and it was regarded as benign tumor because of its uniform histologic feature, predictable clinical course and good survivability after surgical resection. But recently, many authors described that bronchial carcinoid has low grade malignancy for its lymphatic spread and distant metastasis, especially atypical carcinoid. We had a case of typical bronchial carcinoid in 20 year old female patient, and successful operation was performed by bilobectomy of middle and lower lob of right lung. Postoperative course was uneventful and discharged without any complication.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2015

Accurate staging of esophageal cancer is very important to achieving optimal treatment outcomes. The AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) first published TNM esophageal cancer staging recommendations in the first edition of their staging manual in 1977. Thereafter, the staging of esophageal cancer was changed many times over the years. This article reviews the current status of staging of esophageal cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.484-488
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• 1986

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is one of bronchial adenoma which arising from submucosal gland or mucosal gland of lower respiratory tract. The symptoms of the tumor were produced by bronchial irritation and bronchial obstruction such as coughing, pneumonitis, and atelectasis. The malignancy potency of this tumor was determined by histologic pattern but high grade malignancy was uncommon and so distant metastasis was rare. Three treatment modality such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy were used for treatment but radiotherapy and chemotherapy were lesser effective than surgery. So Early and radical resection of tumor was recommended. Here we report one case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma which treated with radical resection.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluated the patterns of failure, survival rate, treatment-related toxicity and prognostic factors in postoperative radiotherapy of patients with ependymoma. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who underwent surgery and postoperative radiotherapy for ependymoma between the period of June 1994 and June 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. The age of patients ranged from 21 months to 66 years (median, 19 years). Seventeen patients had grade II ependymoma, and 13 had grade III anaplastic ependymoma according to the World Health Organization grading system. The postoperative irradiation was performed with 4 or 6 MV photon beam with median dose of 52.8 Gy (range, 45 to 63 Gy), and radiation field including 2 cm beyond the preoperative tumor volume. Median follow-up period was 51 months (range, 12 to 172 months). Results: Fourteen out of 30 (46.7%) patients experienced recurrence, and 12 of those died. Among those 14 patients who experienced recurrence, 11 were in-field and 3 were out-of-field recurrence. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 66.7% and 56.1%, respectively. On univariate analysis, tumor grade was a statistically significant prognostic factor for OS and PFS. There were two complications after surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, including short stature and facial palsy on the left side. Conclusion: We observed good survival rates, and histologic grade was a prognostic factor affecting the OS and PFS. Almost all recurrence occurred in primary tumor site, thus we suggest further evaluation on intensity-modulated radiotherapy or stereotatic radiosurgery for high-risk patients such as who have anaplastic ependymoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1994

1979년 3월부터 1989년 7월사이에 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 55명의 환자가 이하선에 생긴 악성종양으로 치료를 받았다. 이 환자들을 대상으로 방사선 치료의 효과를 알아보기 위해 저자들은 후향성조사를 하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 8명의 환자는 수술이 불가능하거나 재발한 경우로 방사선 치료만 받았으며 나머지 47명에게는 수술후 방사선 치료를 추가하였다. 이 환자들의 중앙추적기간은 48개월이었다. 조직학적으로는 mucoepidermoid ca가 25명으로 제일 많았으며 malignant mixed tumor와 adenoid cystic ca가 각각 12명, 6명이었다. 모든 환자에 있어서 국소치유율은 10년에 65.7%였으며 수술과 방사선 치료를 병합한 군이 방사선 단독 치료군보다 양호한 결과를 나타내었다(71.8% 대 28.6%). 조직학적 grade 및 종양의 크기, 임파절의 전이 여부가 국소치유율을 결정하는 요인이었으며 안면신경의 절제유무는 국소치유율에 영향을 주지 못했다. 원격전이는 환자의 23.6%에서 일어났으며 주로 high grade 병변에서 폐를 침범하였다. 전체생존율은 10년에 72.2%였으며 5년이후에는 plateau를 이루었다. 무병생존율은 10년에 49.4%였으며 수술과 방사선 치료를 병합한 군과 low grade 병변에서 좀 더 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 이하선 악성종양의 치료에 있어서 이하선 절제술과 적절한 방사선치료를 병합함으로써 수술 혹은 방사선 단독 치료군보다 국소치유율의 향상 및 안면신경의 기능유지를 도모할 수 있으며 환자의 생존율을 높이기 위해서는 원격전이시 보다 효과적으로 작용하는 항암제의 개발이 시급하다 하겠다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.724-730
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• 1989

The development of severe pericardial adhesion after cardiovascular surgical procedures often increases the risk of injuring the heart, great vessels, or extracardiac grafts during resternotomy. Several pericardial substitutes have been tested in an attempt to facilitate reoperation with inconclusive results. This study was designed to evaluate the applicability of two different materials as pericardial substitutes to minimize the pericardial adhesion and epicardial reaction. A procedure for induction of pericardial adhesion was carried out in 30 rabbits. Rabbits were divided into three groups of ten rabbits each: Group 1[control, simple pericardial closure]: Group 2[bovine pericardium as pericardial substitute]: Group 3[e-polytetrafluoroethylene surgical membrane, e-PTFE as a pericardial substitute]. Bovine pericardium or e-PTFE surgical membrane was interposed between the sternum and the heart. Rabbits were sacrificed at 4 weeks after operation. The development of adhesions and epicardial reactions were graded as: none [I]; minimal[II]; moderate[Ill]; and severe[1V]. Histologic studies of the substitute, the pericardium, and the epicardium were performed. The results were as follows; l. In group 1[control group], the degree of pericardial adhesions were grade I in none, grade II in 1, grade III in 3, and grade 1V in 6 animals. Epicardial reactions were grade I in none, grade II in 3, grade K in 4, grade 1V in 3 animals respectively. 2. In group 2[bovine pericardium], the degree of pericardial adhesions were grade I in 1, grade II in 5, grade III in 3, and grade 1V in 1 animal. Epicardial reactions were grade I in 1, grade II in 2, grade III in 4, and grade 1V in 3 animals respectively. 3. In group 3[e-PTFE], the degree of pericardial adhesions were grade I in 7 animals, grade II in 2, grade III in 1, and grade g in none. Epicardial reactions were grade I in 4, grade II in 3, grade III in 2, and grade IV in 1 animal respectively. Pericardial adhesions more than grade II were 90.9% in group 1, 40 % in group 2, and 10% in group 3. Pericardial adhesions were significantly reduced in group 3 compared to group 1 or 2. Epicardial reactions more than grade II were 70 % in group 1, 70 % in group 2 and 30 % in group 3. We concluded that this 0.1mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene surgical membrane is a suitable pericardial substitute to minimize the development of pericardial adhesion or epicardial reaction following cardiovascular surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.941-947
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• 1988

The mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus is very rare neoplasm. The histological appearance is an intimate mixture of mucous-producing cell and epidermoid cell. The malignant potency of the tumor was determined by histologic pattern. Bronchoplasty techniques represent the ideal form of excisional therapy for benign endobronchial tumor as well as tumors of low-grade malignant potential, such as bronchial adenoma, and for repair of traumatic airway injuries and benign stricture and selected group of patients with carcinoma of the lung. We experienced a case of-low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a patient of 21-year old male who has been suffered from hemoptysis episodes for several years. The sleeve resection of left main bronchus and left lower lobectomy due to bronchiectatic change were carried out. The patient are being followed up without specific problem.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2003년도 추계학술대회초록집
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• pp.54-54
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• 2003

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs) is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the old animal with a aggressiveness, a high local recurrence rate and significant metastatic rate, which associated with a poor prognosis. In most histologic and immunohistological studies, the tumor cells raised from a fibroblastic and/or myofibroblastic phenotype, presumably from undifferentiated mesenchymal cell origin. MFHs are usually firm and invasive, arising in the subcutis; metastasis depends on tumor grade (many are grade 3) [1,2]. The primary tumor cells are pleomorphic, varying in appearance from fusiform to round. Often nucleoli are prominent and irregular [5]. Extracellular amorphous eosinophilic material may be prominent and likely represents reactive collagen production by the tumor [5]. (omitted)

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 1979

A 23-year-old male patient complained dyspnea on exertion and orthopnea since December 1977. On examination, he was tall and slender. There was grade IV/VI to-and-fro murmur on the left sternal border especially on Erb`s point. The liver was descended 2 fingers breadth below right costal margin. There were no signs of Marfan`s syndrome. Echocardiography demonstrated partial closure of aortic valve and dilated aortic root with enlargement of ascending aorta. Left heart cardiac catheterization revealed moderately elevated pulmonary wedge pressure and right ventricular pressure. The left ventricular end diastolic pressure was markedly elevated to 26 mmHg. On aortography, the aortic regurgitation was severe and it was belonged to angiographically Grade IV. The aortic valve was replaced with Carpentier-Edwards valve without excision and replacement of ascending aorta, under the impression of rheumatic valvular heart disease. After closure of aortotomy, blood pressure was transiently elevated and bleeding from the site of inserting air vent needle of ascending aorta was developed. The bleeding was not controlled by any means. On postmortem microscopic study, the histologic changes were strikingly limited to the ascending aorta from the region of the aortic valve ring.