• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect on the degree of fatigue and accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to the different time delays (3 minutes, 4 minutes). Carrying out repeated measures of variance (repeated ANOVA), we have shown that time effect (F = 7.835, p <.01) and group effect (F = 8.695, p<.01) and the interaction effect between time and group (F = 12.582, p<.001) were all statistically significant. It means, in the test of the main effect of group and time (3 minutes, 4 minutes) using the Bonferroni method, it turned out that the amount of lactic acid of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group (p<.01), and there was no difference until 3 minutes, but the difference of the amount of lactic acid was shown between before the experiment and after 4 minutes, and between 3 minutes and 4 minutes (p <.05), respectively. Then, in the result of the corresponding sample t-test, for comparing the according to the measurement time, the accuracy after 3 minutes became higher than the case of 4 minutes (t = 4.584, p <.001). Therefore, before 119 arrives performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for emergency, rescuers need to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation alternating with others before 3 minutes.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.145-157
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• 2010

This is a study that explores the influence of self-differentiation and acculturation among married immigrant women on their feelings of marriage satisfaction by residential area. The aim was to verify the level of self-differentiation and acculturation that married immigrant women secure from multicultural marriage. To achieve this objective, the study widely distributed a questionnaire that targeted women who were participating in education and other services at health and family support centers, multi-cultural family support centers, general social welfare centers, immigrant women shelters, and Korean language classrooms which are located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang. Data analysis involved frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, one-way-Anova, and multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of descriptive statistics, two factors, namely, (1)interpersonal-relation differentiation, a sub-scale of self-differentiation, and (2)marginalization, a sub-scale of acculturation, had the lowest average. In verifying its various hypotheses, the study achieved the following results. Firstly, among demographic characteristics, there was difference of the mean in the marriage period, average monthly income, the frequency of meetings with the married woman´s parents-in-law and her own parents, and the average cost of supporting the woman's parents-in-law and her own parents. Secondly, among demographic characteristics, the variable of influencing marriage satisfaction showed negative influence in the case of women dwelling in farming and fishing villages. This shows that women residing in cities whether small, medium or large have higher marriage satisfaction. Also, as a result of verifying whether self-differentiation has influence on marriage satisfaction, the element of interpersonal-relations differentiation had a negative influence on marriage satisfaction. Thirdly, as for influence of acculturation upon marriage satisfaction, the study showed that just integration, which is a sub-scale of acculturation had positive effect on marriage satisfaction. In other words, the study showed that the interpersonal-relation differentiation among the sub-scales of self-differentiation among married immigrant women had a negative influence, and that integration among the sub-scales in acculturation had a positive influence on marriage satisfaction. Based on these results, in order to increase interpersonal-relation differentiation, as well as marriage satisfaction among immigrant women, the study suggests the integration of the women's families with the nuclear and extended families in the communities where the women reside.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.241-247
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• 2012

The national geodetic reference frame of Korea switched to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) in 2003. In order to study the land area changes, we calculated the entire land area of Korea using the administrative boundaries of census data provided by Statistics Korea. The standard transformation procedure by the National Geographic Information Institute (NGII) was followed. The Transverse Mercator (TM) projected coordinates were transformed into the GRS80-based world geodetic reference frame, and the ellipsoidal and the projected areas were calculated. The provinces that range over two projection origins were divided into two polygons and projected using appropriate origins. After the transformation, all boundaries were shifted in the northwestern direction, resulting in a decreased area of $1.36km^2$ (about 0.0013%) on the projected plane. Moving the boundaries into a high latitude area cancels out the effect of the enlarged ellipsoid. In addition, the rate of change shows that a higher-latitude province is more sensitive to the shift of the boundaries. The data by Statistics Korea is significantly different from those of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM), thus it is urgently recommended that the data are integrated and unified.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-153
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to low back pain. Methods The current study was designed as a retrospective chart review to investigate descriptive characteristics of LBP patients. The clinical records of 601 patients who were hospitalized for treatment of LBP in Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University from 1st, January, 2013 to 31th, December, 2013 were analyzed. Results 1. Most frequently given diagnosis was sprain and strain of lumbar (45.93%). 2. Female outnumbered male patients in all disease groups except fracture of lumbar spine. 3. In distribution according to age, sprain and strain of lumbar, HNP of L-spine and lumbago with sciatica were most frequent at 30s, fracture of lumbar spine was most frequent at 50s and spinal stenosis was most frequent at 70s. 4. The most frequently motive for low back pain was traffic accident (35.4%) 5. Patients with no related medical history were 76.95% 6. 0~1week interval between onset and visit to Korean Medicine Hospital was most frequent in all disease groups. 7. 50.85% of patients went through treatment at medical institutions before the admitting to Korean Medicine Hospital. 8. The average admission days of female was higher than male's. And age goes up, average duration of admission was longer. 9. In most (74.59%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved. 10. Most frequently prescribed examination was X-ray (65.13%). 11. Most frequently prescribed herb medicine was whal-lak-tang (Huoluo-tang). Conclusions In most (74.59%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved, especially in sprain and strain of lumbar and lumbago with sciatica. But Patients with a local hospital statistic is not be representative of the incidence of the population. In order to obtain more accurate statistics, it is necessary to compare analysis collect statistics from other medical hospitals.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.349-359
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• 2013

The study was conducted to identify the perception of patient-safety and the level of safety care activity among nurses in small-medium sized general hospitals. Data were collected at three hospitals among 344 nurses on April 2012 and administered questionnaire regarding the perception of patient-safety and safety-care-activity. Data analyzed by using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics was used to determine comparison, correlation and association (Pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, multiple regression). The results revealed that there were significant differences in the level of perception of patient-safety according to the nurses' career, time of work, and work department in their hospitals. And also there were significant differences in the level of safety-care-activity according to the nurses' age, position, marriage, the nurses' career, time of work in their hospitals. Nurses with higher perceived level of patient-safety performed more safety-care-activities. The findings of the study suggests that in order to improve the nurse's perceived level of patient-safety and safety-careactivities, the hospitals need to establish the policies that support patient-safety, improvement the environmental system, proper working atmosphere to ensure appropriate work time, regulation nurse-patient ratio are also required.

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of health behaviors of male workers without diabetes such as smoking, drinking and physical activities on HbA1c using 2015 and 2016 data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: The final study subjects of KNHANES were a total of 1,703 male workers in their 30s-50s who had normal levels of fasting blood sugar level, HbA1c, and hemoglobin. For the study variables, age, household income, educational level and occupation were included as socio-demographic characteristics; smoking behavior, drinking behavior, and physical activity behavior as characteristics of health behavior; and waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol as medical examination characteristics were included. The analysis was conducted using independent variables t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: Socio-demographic factors that affect HbA1c were age, educational level, and occupation. As for HbA1c according to the status of current smoking, it was higher in order of the present, past and nonsmoking and HbA1c according to smoking amount pack-year increased linearly in between less than 1 pack-year and over 30 pack-year (p<0.001). Muscular exercises affected the reduction of HbA1c (p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis with independent variables of the socio-demographic characteristics and health behavior, factors affecting HbA1c were age, occupation and smoking amount pack-year (p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis where the characteristics of physical examination were added, factors affecting HbA1c were age, occupation, smoking amount pack-year, waist circumference and total cholesterol (p<0.001). Conclusions: As a result, the health behavior that had the most effect on HbA1c management for male workers without diabetes was the total lifetime smoking amount. Therefore, it is essential to prevent smoking as well as control, cholesterol to prevent diabetes for male workers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.187-196
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• 2021

The mobility handicapped are representative socially vulnerable people who account for a high percentage of our society. Due to the recent development of technology, personalized welfare technologies for the socially vulnerable are being studied, but it is relatively insufficient compared to the general people. In this study, we intend to implement a personalized restaurant recommendation system for the mobility handicapped. To this end, a hybrid recommendation system was implemented by combining the data of special transportation boarding and alighting history (7,153 cases) and information of Daegu Food restaurants (955 cases). In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented recommendation system, we conducted performance comparisons with existing recommendation systems by prediction error rate and recommendation coverage. As a result of the analysis, the performance was higher than that of the existing recommendation system, and the possibility of a personalized restaurant recommendation system for the mobility handicapped was confirmed. In addition, we also confirmed the correlation in which similar restaurants are recommended in some types of the mobility handicapped. As a result of this study, it is judged that it will contribute to the use of restaurants with high satisfaction for the mobility handicapped, and the limitations of the study are also presented.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.309-319
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• 2015

The purpose of this research was to find out the structural relationship and difference soccer and baseball during TV sport broadcasting of advertising for consumer attitude relation of advertising, advertising avoid, perceived intrusiveness in order to help for advertising strategy and giving for good image to sport viewer by advertising media. In this study, 275 surveys were collected and the participants were university student in B metropolitan city using convenience sampling method. The questionnaires were written using self-administration method. The confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation model were done using IBM AMOS 20. The reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, independent t-test and correlation were done using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The results were as follows: First, cognitive avoidance and physical avoidance was shown that baseball viewer was higher than football viewer. Advertising attitude and perceived intrusiveness was shown the baseball viewer and football viewer not different. Second, perceived intrusiveness had effect advertising attitude. Third, perceived intrusiveness had effect avoidance(physical avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Fourth, advertising attitude had effect on advertising cognitive avoidance. Fifth, advertising attitude had not effect on advertising physical avoidance.

• 한국노년학
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.155-170
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• 2005

The purpose of study is to compare the level of participation of the elderly people in the activity of production between Korea and Canada and to identify the factors related to the participation of the elderly people in the activity of production between Korea and Canada. In order to conduct a comparative culture study two data sets were used; one was the 1999 Survey of Time Use collected by Korean Statistics Office and the other was 1998 Survey of Time Use collected by Canadian Statistics Office. Many countries have been collected a time use survey and used to study labor, welfare, and culture. Total number of 17,730 Korean and 2,729 Canadian between 55 and 84 were included to analyze the data. It is clear from the results that older people engage in various productive behaviors, particularly when the definition of activities is broadened to include unpaid work. It is also clear the overall productive contributions are higher among older Koreans than among older Canadians. While the focus in this study has been strictly on productive activities, the aging well literature suggests that the ability to remain independent in later life is enhanced through continued engagement in productive activities. It is thus critical that we better understand the nature of later-life activities and in particular the wide-ranging contributions made by older people. This is an important area of further exploration.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.654-676
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• 2012

This study aims to develop an ecoregion classification using a multi-hierarchy of environmental factors for spatial patterns in the capacities and potentials of ecological systems in mountain regions. To achieve the objectives, we describe the spatial distribution of environmental factors and identify the multi-hierarchy of these factors using spatial statistics. Lastly, we assess ecosystem-units using both a forest type map (yung & kung) and a forest soil map in order to present a ecoregion classification. This study was performed at a $1,168km^2$ area in Gangwon-do, Korea. Sedimentary rocks, particularly limestone (36.6%) exist in high proportions in the research area. While higher mountains are present in the north and central Korean peninsula, plain areas show large proportions along Odae and Pyeongchang river. In a multi-hierarchy, geology and elevation are identified as upper levels and landform classification (surface curvature, upslope area) is considered as a lower level. 'Geology+elevation+landform' shows equally higher ${\chi}^2$ values than that of other classifications and we map ecoregions based on this result. Uniqueness of environmental characteristics in the research area such as high proportions of sedimentary rocks and higher elevations influences our ecoregion classification. We are looking forward to considering this study as an effective approach to integrating various ecological themes for mountain ecosystem management.