• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 2024

This study examines the effects of adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in livestock farm management on farm sales revenue. Using the 2020 Census of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, a nationally representative data set constructed by Statistics Korea, this study focuses on a sample of 9,020 livestock farms in South Korea. We employ Propensity Score Matching (PSM) methods to address the potential selection bias between 2,076 farms that used ICT for livestock farm management and 6,944 farms that did not. The findings consistently show that the use of ICT significantly increases farm revenue, taking into account the selection bias. The utilization of ICT in livestock farms leads to a higher increase in sales revenue, particularly for farms with greater sales.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2017

This study investigated student engagement of STEM-specialized higher education institutions in comparison with students from humanities & social science and STEM majors, respectively. By doing so, the study aimed to find the effects of the characteristics of STEM disciplines and organizational culture of STEM-specialized small-sized institutions on student engagement. The students majoring STEM disciplines, regardless of the organizational types, showed lower reflective-integrative learning experiences compared to students on humanities & social science disciplines. In contrast, students of STEM-specialized institutions reported significantly higher levels of peer relationship and student-faculty interaction in comparison with humanities & social science students and STEM students of general higher education institutions. Finally, the study suggests policy implications for STEM education.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

This paper examined how men and women differ in the attitude and behaviour of financial risk tolerance. The results showed that women were less risk seeking than men in financial risk tolerance. The results of the investment simulation indicated that men invested in higher risk assets like stock. In contrast, women prefered to invest in lower risk assets like real estate. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that if investors have the propensity to take more risk they allocated their money to higher risk assets in the simulation. This analysis also showed that the surveyed respondents invested in risky assets if they had experience in high risk investment in the past.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare deltoid origin status following large rotator cuff repair carried out using either an open or an arthroscopic method with a propensity score matching technique. Methods: A retrospective review of 112 patients treated for full-thickness, large rotator cuff tear via either a classic open repair (open group) or an arthroscopic repair (arthroscopic group) was conducted. All patients included in the study had undergone postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical follow-up for at least 12 and 18 months after surgery, respectively. Propensity score matching was used to select controls matched for age, sex, body mass index, and affected site. There were 56 patients in each group, with a mean age of 63.3 years (range, 50-77 years). The postoperative functional and radiologic outcomes for both groups were compared. Radiologic evaluation for postoperative rotator cuff integrity and deltoid origin status was performed with 3-Tesla MRI. Results: The deltoid origin thickness was significantly greater in the arthroscopic group when measured at the anterior acromion (P=0.006), anterior third (P=0.005), and middle third of the lateral border of the acromion level (P=0.005). The deltoid origin thickness at the posterior third of the lateral acromion was not significantly different between the arthroscopic and open groups. The arthroscopic group had significantly higher intact deltoid integrity with less scarring (P=0.04). There were no full-thickness deltoid tears in either the open or arthroscopic group. Conclusions: Open rotator cuff repair resulted in a thinner deltoid origin, especially from the anterior acromion to the middle third of the lateral border of the acromion, at the 1-year postoperative MRI evaluation. Meticulous reattachment of the deltoid origin is as essential as rotator cuff repair when an open approach is selected.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.503-510
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to the self-concept and ethical propensity of dental hygienists. The subjects of this study were 748 dental hygienists from January 23 to March 30, 2012. Data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis SPSS 19.0. The average score of self-concept was 3.44 points in dental hygienists. The self-concept scores were higher in absolutists (3.53 points) and situationists (3.51 points) than subjectivists (3.35 points) and exceptionists (3.35 points) in the ethical types. The self-concept Influence factors were idealism, relativism, job satisfaction level, and annual salary. In order to help dental hygiene students adopt to rapidly changing society, the university should make efforts to develop a curriculum and program for improving self concept and ethical propensity.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.481-499
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of smartphone use on structured social network types in the Korean elderly population. Data was derived from the 2014 survey of living conditions and welfare needs of Korean older persons collected by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. A total of 4,180 participants were selected for the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) analysis. Based on propensity score estimates, the 491 smartphone users (treatment group) and 491 featurephone users (control group) were matched. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between smartphone use and structural social network types. The results showed that among retired older adults, people using smartphone had significantly better structured social networks than those using featurephone even after controlling for covariates. Smartphone users had the higher levels of social contact and social activity. These findings suggested empirical evidence that using smartphone positively affects structured social networks, which might be used as the basis for designing intervention programs to promote social networks and social engagement of retired older adults.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.146-149
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• 2014

Compared to Butane tank, the propane tank should have a higher compressive strength due to its higher vapor pressure. In this study, a theoretical analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of change in the geometry of bottom plate on the mechanical property of tank, and an experiment was also carried out to observe the propensity of the deformation and failure of the vessel using hydraulic pressurizing device. The compressive strength of the vessel was observed to improve 1.5-2.5 MPa as the curvature of the bottom plate was decreased 62 mm and the thickness of the bottom plate was increased 0.25 mm. This study are expected to provide viable information conducive to achieve on-going development of a small vessel for the pressurized propane gas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-74
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• 2005

This study is to investigate the effects of driving anger and traffic congestion on drivers' behaviors. Driving anger is the propensity to become angry while driving, and people differ in the tendency to get angry when encountering frustration and provocation on the road. Individual differences of the propensity contribute to anger on the road and aggressive driving leading traffic vaiolations and accidents. In the experiment three traffic conditions (an open road condition, a bumper-to-bumper traffic condition and a being stuck behind a slower driver condition) were simulated and driving behaviors were collected with RTSA-DS(Road Traffic Safety Authority-Driving Simulator). The results were as follows: Most of high anger drives drove at higher speeds in an open road condition, and in the bumper-to-bumper condition they drove faster and had an higher crash rate, which suggests they did aggressive driving, and risky and unsafe behaviors.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2021

Purpose: No consensus exists on whether to preserve or ligate an aberrant left hepatic artery (ALHA), which is the most commonly encountered hepatic arterial variation during gastric surgery. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of ALHA ligation by analyzing the perioperative outcomes. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 5,310 patients who underwent subtotal/total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Patients in whom the ALHA was ligated (n=486) were categorized into 2 groups according to peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels: moderate-to-severe (MS) elevation (≥5 times the upper limit of normal [ULN]; MS group, n=42) and no-to-mild (NM) elevation (<5 times the ULN; NM group, n=444). The groups were matched 1:3 using propensity score-matching analysis to minimize confounding factors that can affect the perioperative outcomes. Results: The mean operation time (P=0.646) and blood loss amount (P=0.937) were similar between the 2 groups. The length of hospital stay was longer in the MS group (13.0 vs. 7.8 days, P=0.022). No postoperative mortality occurred. The incidence of grade ≥ IIIa postoperative complications (19.0% vs. 5.1%, P=0.001), especially pulmonary complications (11.9% vs. 2.5%, P=0.003), was significantly higher in the MS group. This group also showed a higher Comprehensive Complication Index (29.0 vs. 13.9, P<0.001). Conclusions: Among patients with a ligated ALHA, those with peak AST/ALT ≥5 times the ULN showed worse perioperative outcomes in terms of hospital stay and severity of complications. More precise perioperative decision-making tools are needed to better determine whether to preserve or ligate an ALHA.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: Central pancreatectomy (CP) is associated with a higher rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), and it is less preferred over distal pancreatectomy (DP). We compared the short- and long-term outcomes between CP and DP for low-grade pancreatic neck and body tumors. Methods: This was a propensity score-matched case-control study of patients who underwent either CP or DP for low-grade pancreatic neck and body tumors from 2003 to 2020 in a tertiary care unit in southern India. Patients with a tumor >10 cm or a distal residual stump length of <4 cm were excluded. Demographics, clinical profile, intraoperative and postoperative parameters, and the long-term postoperative outcomes for exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, weight gain, and the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire were compared. Results: Eighty-eight patients (CP: n=37 [cases], DP: n=51 [control]) were included in the unmatched group after excluding 21 patients (meeting exclusion criteria). After matching, both groups had 37 patients. The clinical and demographic profiles were comparable between the two groups. Blood loss and POPF rates were significantly higher in the CP group. However, Clavien-Dindo grades of complications were similar between the two groups (p = 0.27). At a median follow-up of 38 months (range = 187 months), exocrine sufficiency was similar between the two groups. Endocrine sufficiency, weight gain, SF-36 pain control score, and general health score were significantly better in the CP group. Conclusions: Despite equivalent clinically significant morbidities, long-term outcomes are better after CP compared to DP in low-grade pancreatic body tumors.