• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.40.1-40.8
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the high-level mupirocin resistance (HLMR) in Gram-positive bacteria isolated from companion animals. A total of 931 clinical specimens were collected from diseased pets. The detection of mupirocin-resistant bacteria and plasmid-mediated mupirocin resistance genes were evaluated by antimicrobial susceptibility tests, polymerase chain reactions, and sequencing analysis. Four-hundred and six (43.6%) bacteria were isolated and 17 (4.2%), including 14 staphylococci and 3 Corynebacterium were high-level mupirocin-resistant (MICs, ≥ 1,024 ug/mL) harboring mupA. Six staphylococci of HLMR strains had plasmid-mediated mupA-IS257 flanking regions. The results show that HLMR bacteria could spread in veterinary medicine in the near future.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2012

서울의 한 종합병원에서 포도알균 임상균주들을 2003, 2005, 2006 및 2009년에 각각 100, 195, 151 및 112주를 수집하여 mupirocin 내성율 변화 추이를 분석하였다. Staphylococcus aureus의 mupirocin에 대한 고도내성(최소억제농도 ${\geq}512{\mu}g/ml$) 빈도는 감소 추세로 2005년 이후에는 나타나지 않았다. 반면 S. aureus의 저도내성(최소억제농도 $8-256{\mu}g/ml$)은 2005년까지 나타나지 않았으나 2006년부터 나타나기 시작하여 2009년에는 6.9%에 이르렀다. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS)의 전체적인 내성율은 S. aureus와 달리 상당히 높은 수준이었다. 2003년 CNS의 고도내성율은 16.0%이었으나 지속적으로 상승하여 2009년에는 31.5%에 이르렀다. CNS의 저도내성율은 2003년 8.0%이었고 이후 11% 정도의 일정 수준을 나타내었다. 모든 고도내성 균주들에서 ileS-2의 존재가 확인되었으며, 모든 저도내성 균주들에 대하여 ileS 유전자의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 저도내성의 원인으로 알려진 V588F 변이가 공통적으로 발견되었다. 이외에도 S. aureus에서 V458G, 그리고 CNS에서 D172A, Y490H, I750V 변이들이 새로 발견되었다. Mupirocin 내성 균주들의 oxacillin 및 피부감염 치료에 사용되는 주요 외용 항생물질들에 대한 내성율을 측정한 결과, 고도내성인 S. aureus 1주는 이들 모든 항생물질에 내성이었고 저도내성인 S. aureus 10주는 fusidic acid를 제외한 모든 항생물질에 내성이었다. Mupirocin에 고도내성(61주) 및 저도내성(27주)인 CNS 균주들은 감수성인 CNS 균주들(167주)보다 이들 항생물질에 대하여 상당히 높은 내성율을 보였다. 따라서 포도알균에 의한 피부감염의 효과적인 치료를 위해선 mupirocin 내성 균주의 출현을 방지해야 한다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2010

This study aims to evaluate the effect of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with high-level mupirocin resistance (Hi-Mup MRSA). To examine the antimicrobial effect of photogem-mediated PDT against Hi-Mup MRSA, CFU quantifications, bacteria cell viability tests, and disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility tests were evaluated. In addition, one of PDT mechanisms was investigated by accumulating photogem ($10\;{\mu}g/ml$) in Hi-Mup MRSA. Photogem-mediated PDT properly inhibited the colony formation of Hi-Mup MRSA. Viable bacteria decreased greatly after a PDT application with photogem $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ at energy density $15\;J/cm^2$. The diameter of the inhibition zone around susceptible disks increased after PDT. In addition, we confirmed the accumulation of photogem in bacteria through fluorescent images. These results demonstrated that excellent photosensitization of Hi-Mup MRSA can be achieved using photogem with 630 nm LED irradiation. Thus, PDT may make survival Hi-Mup MRSA inactive.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2009

Community-acquired antimicrobial resistant bacteria are an emerging problem whole world-wide. Generally, Hands are main mediator of pathogen transmission as compared with other body parts. So, the purpose of this research was to investigate the microbiological quality and antimicrobial susceptibilities of samples which were collected from the door knob and surface in public- and home-facilities, and also hand. Of total 191 samples, 71 samples (37%) were shown to be of high-level total bacterial count (>$10^8\;CFU/cm^2$). And presence of Staphylococcus and Enteric bacilli was observed in 61 samples (32%) and 76 samples (40%), respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of staphylococcal isolates from the samples were tested for six different antimicrobial agents, which are in wide spread clinical use in Korea, as well as four new antimicrobials, daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. Among staphylococcal isolates, antimicrobial resistance were observed in oxacillin (n=6), mupirocin (n=7), vancomycin (n=1), quinupristin/dalfopristin (n=2) and gentamicin (n=5). Fortunately, all the isolates were susceptible to new antimicrobial such as daptomycin, linezolid and tigecycline. Furthermore 4 Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from four hand samples, and all these isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to four different antimicrobial (oxacillin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, mupirocin, gentamicin). Also, 5 Escherichia coli were isolated from surface in home (n=3), door knob in public facilities (n=1) and hand (n=1). Escherichia coli isolated from hand was high-level resistant to tigecycline ($128{\mu}g$/ml) and gentamicin ($64{\mu}g$/ml).

• 약학회지
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.434-440
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• 2008

The purpose of this research was to investigate the microbiological quality and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the ready-to-eat side dishes, which are were collected from the grocery stores, big markets, and department stores in Seoul throughout November, 2007. Of total 124 samples, presence of staphylococci and enteric bacilli was observed in 38 samples (31%) and 53 samples (43%), respectively. And 30 samples (24%) were shown to be of unsatisfactory quality for total bacterial count (>$10^5$). Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the staphylococci isolated from the side dishes were tested for six different antimicrobial agents, which are in widespread clinical use in Korea, as well as four new antimicrobials, daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. As a result, the staphylococcal isolates were found to be resistant to oxacillin (${MIC}_{90}$, >128 ${\mu}g$/ml), teicoplanin (${MIC}_{90}$, >128 ${\mu}g$/ml), mupirocin (${MIC}_{90}$, >128 ${\mu}g$/ml), linezolid (${MIC}_{90}$, 128 ${\mu}g$/ ml) and quinupristin/dalfopristin (${MIC}_{90}$, 32 ${\mu}g$/ml). Especially, some of the staphylococcal isolates exhibited high level and multi-drug resistance. Moreover, these bacteria were also resistant to new antimicrobials, except tigecycline.