• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.801-810
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to suggest standard bodytype which offers criterion for the sizes and shapes to interpret various bodytypes, to estimate fitting, and to construct ready-made clothing. There were two ways of analyzing bodytypes of subjects from the viewpoint of statistic and beauty. We had carried on the analysis from the viewpoint of statistic in the Part(1) and we carried on the analysis from the viewpoint of beauty in this Part(2). Taken as a sample, the subjects were ninety-seven females who were between the aloes of 18 and 24 rears o1d. They were measured on November 1999. The data of seven hundred and four females,18∼24 year-old, from the National Somatometry Survey of 1997 were used for analysis, too. The first analysis from the viewpoint of beauty was executed to the front and side photographs of the subjects to analyze the general traits of the beautiful bodytype. The second analysis from the viewpoint of beauty was executed to subjects who were in both High-frequency proportion range and Beautiful bodytype group. As the result, four groups in Beautiful and High-frequency proportion range were selected. The standard proportion was analyzed with the size and shape of four groups. Based on the standard proportion, the size, shape and silhouette of the standard bodytype were analyzed. To verify the size, shape and silhouette of the standard bodytype, the location of the standard bodytype in the 1997 National Somatometry Survey group was analyzed. As the result, the standard bodytype was verified as proper criterion to interpret various bodytypes, to estimate fitting, and to construct ready-made clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.630-641
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to suggest the standard of bodytype which offers various data with regard to three-dimensional characteristics of body, and which offers the criterion for the sizes and shapes to interpret various bodytypes, to estimate filling, and to construct ready-made clothing. In this study, standard bodytype was defined as a typical type with beautiful proportion and shape which a large number of people have, too. In order to continue this study, there were two ways of analyzing bodytypes of subjects in the view of statistics and beauty. We primarily carried on statistical analysis in this report. Taken as a sample, the subjects were ninety-seven females who were between the ages of 18 and 24 years o1d. They were measured on November 1999. The data of seven hundred and few females, 18∼24 year-old, from the National Somatometry Survey of 1997 were used for analysis, too. Three kinds of classification methods were used for statistical analysis. The first method was based on the lateral view of the body, the second was based on the Factor and Cluster analysis of the photographic measurements of each of the anterior and lateral body, and the third was based on the Factor and Cluster analysis of the anthropometric measurements of the whole body. From the analysis on the distribution of R hrer Index the difference of width, the difference of depth, the proportion of height and head height, the High-frequency Proportion(H.P.)range were selected. The straight type from the lateral view, High-frequency type from each method, and subjects in H.P. range were compared with each other. As the result, it was confirmed that it is proper to base on the size and shape of subjects in H.P. range to analyze the standard bodytype.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2010

Crop characteristics of 179 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) resources collected in Korea were investigated in order to establish basic data for the improvement of crop breeding. Spike types of 179 sorghum resources were classified as 5 types of open-loose type, broom-tillering type, half broom-tillering type, extreme-compact type and compact type, of which broom-tillering type was the highest ratio of 38.0% (68 plant resources) of 179 germplasm. In the existence and nonexistence of spike awn in 179 sorghum resources, 28.5% (51 plant resources) showed existence of spike awn, whereas the rest of 71.5% (128 plant resources) had no spike awn. Seed type was classified as 5 types, of which circle-shape showed the highest ratio of 43.0% (77 plant resources) and the lowest was inclined-circle shape by 7.3% (13 plant resources). Seed color was classified as 4 colors of brown, white, whitish brown, and yellowish brown, of which yellowish brown was the highest ratio of 84.4% (151 plant resources) among them. Days from seeding to heading date showed the range from 67 to 88 days with the average of 77.4 days and the highest frequency proportion of it was the group from 76 to 80 days, which occupied 37.4% (67 plant resources) of 179 germplasm. 179 sorghum resources showed high variation in the range of culm length with the average of 253.8 cm and group from 92 cm to 360 cm of culm length showed the highest frequency proportion of 20.6% (37 plant resources). Spike length showed the range from 15 to 49 cm with the average of 28.8 cm and the highest frequency distribution of it was the group from 31 to 35 cm with the proportion of 26.3% (47 plant resources), whereas the lowest was below 15 cm with the proportion of 0.6%. Days from seeding to physiological maturity showed the range from 110 to 146 days with the average of 125.5 days and the highest frequency proportion (39.7%) of it was the group from 111 to 115 days, while there were also occupied with 2 plant resources below 110 days and 23 plant resources over 141 days among 179 germplasm. Number of grains per spike showed the range from 163 to 4,532 grains with the average of 2,068.6 grains and group from 1,601 to 2,000 grains per spike was the highest frequency distribution with the proportion of 25.7% (46 plant resources). 1000 grains weight showed the range from 10.6 to 38.1g with the average of 25.6g and group from 26.0 to 30.0g was the highest frequency distribution with the proportion of 44.1% (79 plant resources).

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.473-479
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• 2008

With the advent of mobile phone, digital multimedia broadcasting(DMB) service is to be realized for multimedia data communication. For an acoustic part, a smaller and lighter microspeaker is also soon to be realized as an MP3 song player and a speakerphone. Sound quality in the microspeaker is becoming more important in mobile phones. It is evaluated by total harmonic distortion(THD). THD is the proportion of higher order frequencies output response to sinusoidal input signal. It is affected by uneven magnetic distribution and nonlinear response of diaphragm. In this paper, harmonic distortion is analyzed by considering magnetic and mechanical coupling effects. Simulated results of THD are compared with experimental data. Results show that THD in lower frequency range is higher due to high displace on voice coil and high mechanical response of high order frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.236-241
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• 2008

With the advent of mobile phone, Digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) service is to be realized for multimedia data communication. For an acoustic part, a smaller and lighter microspeaker is also soon to be realized as an MP3 song player and a speakerphone. Sound quality in the microspeaker is becoming more important in mobile phones. It is evaluated by total harmonic distortion (THD). THD is the proportion of higher order frequencies output response to sinusoidal input signal. It is affected by uneven magnetic distribution and nonlinear response of diaphragm. In this paper, harmonic distortion is analyzed by considering magnetic and mechanical coupling effects. Simulated results of THD are compared with experimental data. Results show that THD in lower frequency range is higher due to high displace on voice coil and high mechanical response of high order frequency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 1991

The present study determined the overall noise level and the distribution of sound pressure level over audible frequency range of noise produced at various work sites. Work-related noise greater than 80dBA produced from 98 separate work sites at 37 manufacturing companies and machine shops were analysed for the overall sound level (dBA) and frequency distribution. In addition, to determine the possible hearing loss related to work site noise, a hearing test was also conducted on 1,374 workers in these work sites. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. Of the total 98 work sites, 57 work sites(58.2%) produced noise exceeding threshold limit value (${\geq}90dBA$) set by the Ministry 01 Labor. In terms of different manufacturing industries the proportion of work sites which exceeded 90dBA was the highest for the cut-stone products industry with 6/6 work sites and lowest for the commercial printing industry with 1/13 work sites. 2. The percentage of workers who were exposed to noise greater than 90dBA was 19.8% (1,040 workers) 01 the total 5,261 workers. In terms of different industries, cut-stone products industry had the most workers exposed to noise exceeding 90dBA with 82.8%, textile bleaching and dyeing industry was next at 30.6% followed by fabricated metal products industry with 27.9%, plastic products manufacturing industry had the lowest percentage of workers exposed to 90dBA exceeding noise with 4.5%. 3. There was a statistically significant correlation between the frequency of noise-induced hearing loss and the percentage of workers exposed to noise exceeding 90dBA (P<0.05). 4. The frequency analysis of noise produced at the 98 work sites revealed that 44 work sites (44.9%) had the maximum sound pressure level at high-frequencies greater than 2KHz. In addition, significantly higher sound pressure level was detected at the high-frequencies at 90dBA exceeding work sites as compared to below 90dBA work sites (P<0.01). 5. The differences in sound level meter's A-and C-weighted sound pressure levels were analysed by frequencies. Of the 28 work sites which showed 0-1 dB difference in the two weighted sound levels, 20 work sites (71.4%) had significantly higher sound pressure levels at high-frequencies greater than 2KHz (P<0.01). Furthermore, there was a tendency for higher sound pressure levels to occur in the high-frequency range as the differences in the two weighted sound levels decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.391-396
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• 2004

For technical and economic reasons, the drum drive system employed in the domestic waking machines have traditionally been based on a combination of a high speed induction motor and a pulley and belt. This paper deals with washing machine drive based on an inverter fed induction motor. In this case, voltage is applied in proportion to frequency to achieve rated torque though the range. But scalar control such as V/f methode is somewhat simple to implement, but the inherent coupling effect given sluggish response. Therefore, this paper describes study on induction motor vector control for drum type washing machine.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2003

In this paper, we fabricated PRT(platinum resistance thermometers) with the trimming technology using high fine laser system. U. V.(wavelength： 355nm) laser was mainly used for adjusting Pt thin films resistors to 100Ω at 0$^{\circ}C$. Internationally, the accepted A-class tolerance of temperature sensor is ${\pm}$0.06Ω at 0$^{\circ}C$. according to DIN EN 60751. The width of trimmed lines was about 10$\mu\textrm{m}$ and the best trimming conditions of Pt thin films were power : 37mW, frequency : 200Hz and bite size：1.5$\mu\textrm{m}$. And 96 resistors, fabricated by photolithography and etching process, have 79∼90Ω and 91∼102Ω as the proportion of 45.7% and 57.3%, respectively. As result of sitting Pt thin films resistors to the target value(109.73Ω at 25$^{\circ}C$), 82.3% of all resistors had the tolerance within ${\pm}$0.03Ω and the others(17.7％) were within ${\pm}$0.06Ω of A-class tolerance. The PRTs which wore fabricated in this research had excellent characteristics as follows； high accuracy, international standard TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance) value, long-term stability, wide temperature range, good linearity and repeatability, rapid response time, etc.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.224-231
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• 2016

When aiming to reduce the low frequency noise of a subway guest room through sound absorbing treatment methods inside the wall of a tunnel the resonator is often more effective than a porous sound absorbing material. Therefore, the perforated panel type resonator embedded with a perforated panel is proposed. The perforated panel is installed in the neck, which is then extended into the resonator cavity so that it can ensure useful volume. The absorption performance of the perforated panel type of resonator is obtained by acoustic analysis and experiment. The analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental results. In the case of multiple perforated panel type resonators, as the number of perforated panels increase, the 1st resonance frequency is moved to a low frequency band and sound absorption bandwidth is extended on the whole. In order to obtain excellent absorption performance, the impedance matching between multi-panels should be considered. When the perforated panel in the resonator is combined with a porous material, the absorption performance is highly enhanced in the anti-resonance and high frequency range. In case of the resonator inserted with perforated panels of 2, the 2nd resonance frequency is shifted to a low frequency band in proportion to the distance between perforated panels.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

Recently alternating-current Plasma Display Panel(AC-PDP) is in the spotlight as a digital television and high definition television. The panel structure widely adapted in commercial AC-PDP is three electrodes surface discharge type. At present time, the luminous efficiency is around 1lm/W, it should be a key factor for the commercialization. For the high luminous efficiency, the development of panel structure is necessary. At a given panel structure, a driving method should be optimized to get a sufficient luminous efficiency. The display image of AC-PDP could be realized by the repeated light emission from the discharge. Because most of discharge power is consumed in the sustaining period, the optimization of sustaining waveform is very important for the high luminous efficiency. ADS (Address and Display period Separated) driving method is commonly used. The average driving frequency of ADS driving method is ranged by several tens kilo of [kHz], however the actual frequency of sustaining period is in range of 100[kHz] to 200[kHz]. Based on this study, when the phosphor emits the visible light, it has a decay time of few milliseconds due to the material transfer to the phosphor to emit the visible light. Consequently the luminous efficiency decreases in proportion to the driving frequency. It is found that the luminous efficiency could be significantly improved by the low frequency sustaining driving method.