• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2003

Effects of siho(Bupleuri Radix) extracts on lipid composition and antioxidant system were investigated in rat fed high fat diet. body weight gain, concentration of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol showed a tendency to decrease in siho(Bupleuri Radix) extracts groups. However, the concentration of HDL-cholesterol showed no significantly different among treatments. Plasma and liver TBARS concentration showed a low values in siho(Bupleuri Radix) extracts groups. Activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT showed a tendency to increase in siho(Bupleuri Radix) extracts groups.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2006

본 연구는 국내산 갈조류에 대하여 laminaran의 함량을 조사한 결과 대황에서 다량의 laminaran을 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타나 부분정제 laminaran의 생리활성 규명의 일환으로 대황에서 laminaran을 추출한 다음 고지방 식이로 사육한 흰쥐에게 음용수로 급여하였을 때 장기능과 혈청내 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 실시하였다. 식이성 고지혈증이 유발된 실험동물은 대조군(control)., laminaran 0.25% 음용군(low dose, LL), laminaran 0.5% 음용군(high dose, LH)으로 나누었으며, 정상식이를 하는 정상군(normal)은 일반 음용수를 섭취시켰다. LL군 및 LH군은 대조군에 비해 체중증가량은 낮았고, 식이섭취량은 실험군 간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 체중 100g당 간장, 신장, 부고환 지방조직 무게는 고지혈증 유발 실험군(control, LL 및 LH군)이 정상군(normal)에 비해 높았으나, 실험대조군(control)에 비해서는 LL군과 LH군이 낮게 나타난 반면, 맹장의 무게는 LL군과 LH군이 대조군에 비해 무거웠으며, 소장과 대장의 길이는 정산군과 대조군에 비하여 길은 것으로 나타났다. 혈중 총지질 함량은 LL군과 LH군이 대조군에 비해 각각 36.7 및 36.4%, 중성지질은 23.3 및 31.2%, 인지질 농도는 31.2 및 41.2%로 감소하였다. 또한 총콜레스테롤 함량은 대조군에 비해 34.0 및 26.2%, LDL-콜레스테롤은 69.6 및 68.2% 감소하였고, HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 각각 40.4 및 44.6% 증가하였다. 동맥경화지수(AI)는 대조군 1.8, LL군 0.5, LH군 0.6으로 대조군에 비해 AI가 각각 72.2 및 66.6% 감소하였다. 이상의 결과 laminaran은 식이성 고지혈증 흰쥐에 대한 혈청 지질성분의 개선효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.없었으며, activated partial thromboplastin time 또한 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 기대되며, 이에 대한 지속적인 연구가 사료 된다. 수크랄로스 1.27 mg/person/day로 각 인공감미료의 ADI를 국민평균체중 55 kg으로 환산한 $825{\sim}2,200\;mg/person/day$와 비교하였을 때 매우 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과, 각 인공감미료의 총 일일추정섭취량은 ADI 대비 0.2% 수준이었고 사용가능 대상 식품의 이론적 최대섭취량(TMDI)의 $1.0{\sim}21.4%$의 수준으로 사용대상식품을 통한 인공감미료의 섭취는 안전하다고 판단된다.더 불량할 것으로 예측된다. 24시간회상법과 식품섭취빈도조사법을 이용하여 농촌지역 노인들의 영양소섭취량을 측정하여 비교한 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, 비록 두 식이섭취조사방법 간에 높은 상관성은 보여주지 못하였지만, 영양소섭취량은 두 방법 간에 비슷한 수준을 보여주어, 본 연구대상 특정 농촌지역 노인들의 영양소섭취량 조사에 24시간회상법 및 식품섭취빈도조사법 모두가 사용될 수 있음을 예견하였다. 노인인구 대상으로 보다 정확한 영양소 섭취량 측정을 할 수 있는 식품섭취빈도조사지 개발이 시급한 요구로 제시된다.었다. 즉 음식요인에 대해 높게 인식할수록 재방문의도 및 추천의도가 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 대학교 급식소 운영주체에 대한 소비자 인지도 조사결과 향후 대학교 급식소를 운영하는 위탁급식 전문업체의 경우 그들의 브랜드를 알리기 위한 홍보전략이 절실히 필요함을 알 수 있었으며, 최근고객감소로 인하여 다양한 급식운영 마케팅전략을 수립하고 있는 단체급식 운영자들은 재방문 및 추천의도의 선행요건이 급식서비스 품질에 대한 소비자의 인식임을 명심하여 가장 기본이 되는 급식서비스 품질수준을 향상시키기 위하여 노력하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.817-826
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• 2005

Recently it has been reported that vitamin A and retinol binding proteins (RBPs) in blood and urine were changed in the condition of diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidemia. Fruits and vegetables are recommended to consume for the people suffered from these chronic degenerative diseases. The main components of fruits and vegetables are dietary fibers, for example cellulose and pectin, of which function to affect the absorption and excretion of dietary fat and fat-soluble substances. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fibers on RBPs mRNA expression in liver, small intestine and serum of rat fed high fat diet during 4 weeks. Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 121g on average, were divided into four groups; (Control; $17\%$ fat & cellulose supplement diet, HF0: $25\%$ fat & fiber free diet, B:.Uc: $25\%$ fat & cellulose supplement diet and HF0: $25\%$ fat & pectin supplement diet) . The rats fed high fat diet groups (HF0, HFC, HFP) tended to consume the food less than the control group, but FER of HF0 groups was significantly higher than the control (p < 0.05) . The weight of adrenal gland in high fat diet groups (HF0, HFC, HFP) was significantly less than the control. Total lipid in feces daily excreted and in liver did not show any significant differences among the groups. Total cholesterol in HFP group was significantly different from that of HFC group. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in other group tended to lower than other groups and HDL cholesterol higher. Consequently, AI (atherogenic index) was the lowest in HFP group. Vit A contents in feces daily excreted tended to lower in high fat diet groups (HF0, HFP) compared to the control group. That content in adrenal gland was the lowest in HF0 group, but not in liver. In HFP group were down-regulated cRBPI mRNA in liver and cRBPII mRNA in small intestine and up-regulated RBP and transthyretin expression in serum compared to the other groups. In conclusion, dietary fibers, especially pectin, in high fat diet might down-regulate the expression of CRBP I, CRBP II mRNA in liver and small intestine, but increase the secretion of RBP into serum and therefore inhance the bioavailability of Vit A through the body. (Korean J Nutrition 38(10): 817$\sim$826,2005)

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2009

Objectives: To investigate the effects of Chrysanthemum indicum L. pharmacopuncture on lipids, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammation in rats fed high-fat diet. Methods: Hyperlipidemic rats induced by high-fat diet were divided into 5 groups: no treatment control (normal, n=8), high-fat diet only control (control, n=8), high-fat diet and Chrysanthemum indicum L. pharmacopuncture at CV4 group (TI, n=8), high-fat diet and Chrysanthemum indicum L. pharmacopuncture at CV17 group (TII, n=8), and high-fat diet and Chrysanthemum indicum L. pharmacopuncture at EX-HN3 group (TIII, n=8). They were given pharmacopuncture accordingly every other day for two weeks followed by analyses of lowering lipids effects, oxidative capacity and anti-inflammatory effects. Results: Compared with the control, pharmacopuncture groups showed significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol (TC), liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, neutrophils, monocytes, plasma and liver IL-$1{\beta}$, and plasma and liver IL-6. In other parameters including plasma and liver triglyceride, liver TC, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, liver TBARS, supraoxide dismutase, total protein, albumin, blood cell analysis, plasma and liver TNF-$\alpha$, and IL-10, there was no significant difference between control and pharmacopuncture groups. No clear acupoint-specificity was observed. Conclusions: Chrysanthemum indicum L. pharmacopuncture may improve control of hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.394-400
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• 1999

Since it has generally been considered that high-hat diets promote carcinogenesis, fat intake of less than 30% of total calories has been recommended to reduce the risk of cancer. Specific dietary guidelines for fat intake to reduce the risk of colon cancer have not yet been established. In order to determine the level of dietary fat needed the risk of colon cancer, rats were fed one of four experimental fat diets, very low(7% of total calories from corn oil, VLC), low(15% LC), medium (30%, MC), and high fat(45%, HC). Cell proliferation as an intermediate biomarker of color carcinogenesis was measured by the in vivo incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into DNA. Fecal lipid excretion was measured by gravimetric method. As fat levels in the diet increased, fecal lipid concentrations also increased (VLC

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1990

To investigate effects of ethanol and dietary fat on growth and bichemical indices of liver tissue and blood in rats 40 male rats of Sprague-Dawley wtrain weighing about 160g were divided into 5 groups (low-fat diet group ethanol-administered low-fat diet group high-fat diet group ethanol-administered high-fat diet group and commercial diet group) and fed expe-rimental diets for 8 weeks. Ethanol-administered groups consumed ethanol corresponding to 22 cal% which was considered as moderate drinking. Neither the ethanol intake nor the dietary fat level affected calorie intake. Nonetheless the low-fat diet group with ethanol had the lowest growth rate and 2-fold increase in the concentration of plasma triglyceride. There was no effect of ethanol and dietary fat level on contents of protein lipid and lipid composition of liver tissue. The level of lipid peroxide of liver tissue tended to be increased by ethanol intake but the increase was statistically insignificatnt. The low-fat ethanol group had lowered hepatic mitochondrial respiration rate and deformed structure of mitochondria of hepatocytes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2010

There is an increasing interest in curcumin (Curcuma longa L.) as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) protective agent via decreased blood total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) level. The aim of this study was to investigate further the potential mechanism in the hypocholesterolemic effect of curcumin by measuring cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), a rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of bile acid from cholesterol, at the mRNA level. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 45% high fat diet or same diet supplemented with curcumin (0.1% wt/wt) for 8 weeks. The curcumin diet significantly decreased serum triglyceride (TG) by 27%, total cholesterol (TC) by 33.8%, and LDL-cholesterol by 56%, respectively as compared to control group. The curcumin-supplemented diet also significantly lowered the atherogenic index (AI) by 48% as compared to control group. Hepatic TG level was significantly reduced by 41% in rats fed with curcumin-supplemented diet in comparison with control group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the curcumin diet significantly increased fecal TG and TC. The curcumin diet up-regulated hepatic CYP7A1 mRNA level by 2.16-fold, compared to control group p (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that the increases in the CYP7A1 gene expression may partially account for the hypocholesterolemic effect of curcumin.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2004

Acupuncture has fairly good weight-reducing effect in treating simple obesity due to the neuroendocrine regulation. In this study, the antiobesity effects of herbal acupuncture(HA) with Sang-hwang(phellinus linteus) at Fuai(SP16) were investigated in the rat fed on high-fat(HF) diet. Sang-hwang mushroom has been proven to have anti-carcinogenic effects and Sang-hwang extracts are highly effective in treatment and preventive treatment of AIDS, diabetes and high blood-pressure. To determine whether the Sang-hwang herbal acupuncture may have the anti-obesity effect, male Sprague-Dawley(4-wk-old) rats were fed a HF diet for 5 wk, which produced significant weight gain compared to rats were fed a normal diet, and then herbal acupuncture were treated for 3 wk in HF diet group. The body weight, food consumption, food effeciency ratio(FER), body fat mass, plasma nitric oxide(NO) were investigated in rats fed on normal diet, HF diet, and HF diet with HA(HF-diet-HA) groups. NO has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of food intake. In addition, the expression of appetite peptides such as orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y(NPY) and the anorectic peptide cholecystokinin(CCK) were observed in the hypothalamus. HF-HA group reduced body weight gain, FER, body fat contents and NO concentration compared to HF diet group. The expression of NPY was reduced in arcuate nucleus(ARC), and CCK was increased in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) after treatment of HA. In conclusion, Sang-hwang HA reduced adipocity, plasma NO and hypothalamic NPY, but increased CCK expression in the HF dietinduced obesity rat, therefore HA may have anti-obesity action through regulating body weight and appetite peptide of the central nervous system.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the changes of the serological parameters of the rats fed a high fat and high cholesterol diets with or without quercetin supplement for five weeks. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats ($152.1{\pm}17.0\;g$ of body weight) were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the control(C) group were fed the high fat and high cholesterol diet containing 15% lard, 2% cholesterol and 0.5% sodium cholate (w/w). Rats in two treatment groups were fed the same diet supplemented with 0.25% quercetin (Q-0.25) or 0.5% quercetin (Q-0.5) on the weight to weight basis, respectively. The final body weight, gain of body weight, the amount of feed intake and the feed efficiency of rats in between control and treatment groups were not significantly different. Serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherogenic index(AI) of rats in both Q-0.25 and Q-0.5 groups were significantly lower than in C group (p < 0.05). However serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher in both Q-0.25 and Q-0.5 groups than in C group (p < 0.05). The levels of triglyceride in sera of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. Therefore the supplementation of quercetin to high fat and high cholesterol diet in rats was effective in reducing the levels of serum lipids to cause cardiovascular diseases and in elevating the level of HDL-C to protect cardiovascular diseases.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

Male rats of 2 months-old(young), 6 months-old(adult) and 30 months-old(old)were fed 8 or 16 weeks to investigate the e(feats of dietary fat level on the lipid metabolism in the different stages of aging. The response of 30 month old rats to dietary fat level differed from either 2 or 6-months old rats. In 30-months old rats, dietary fat level had a little effect on weight gains, lipid content of serum as compared with other two age groups. Young rats showed higher body weight gain, F.S.R, and PER compared with aged rat. The younger and the more high fat fed the rats were, the more body weight gains, FER and PER showed. Weight of liver and kidney was increased in aged rats but ratio per unit weight of liver and kidney was not affected by age. Serum lipid content was higher in aged rat compared with the young and liver lipid content was higher in high fat diet fed rats. But TG of liver and serum was not changed with aging process. Intake, excretion and absorption of lipid was not changed by age of animals. but absorption was decreased as experimental period was increased.