• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.446-452
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• 2013

Chronic consumption of a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet increases insulin resistance and results in type 2 diabetes mellitus in C57BL/6J mice. Hyperglycemia in diabetics increases oxidative stress, which is associated with a high risk of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to examine the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of chamnamul [Pimpinella brachycarpa (Kom.) Nakai] in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. The ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a 70% ethanol extract of chamnamul was measured in vitro. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a basal or HFHS diet with or without a 70% ethanol extract of chamnamul at a 0.5% level of the diet for 12 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. After sacrifice, serum glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and lipid profiles, and lipid peroxidation of the liver were determined. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined. Chamnamul extract inhibited ${\alpha}$-glucosidase by 26.7%, which was 78.3% the strength of inhibition by acarbose at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Serum glucose, insulin, and cholesterol levels, as well as HOMA-IR values, were significantly lower in the chamnamul group than in the HFHS group. Chamnamul extract significantly decreased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the liver compared with the HFHS group. These findings suggest that chamnamul may be useful in prevention of hyperglycemia and reduction of oxidative stress in mice fed a HFHS diet.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of altering relative intakes of fat and carbohydrates on serum lipid profiles, hepatic acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I), and the acetyl-CoA carboxlyase (ACC) mRNA level in Sprague-Dawley rats. For four weeks the rats were fed either an AIN-76 diet or one of its modified diets that were supplemented with 20% beef tallow (high-fat diet, HF) and 66.3% sucrose (highsucrose diet, HS). The HS group had significantly higher serum triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations when compared with the other groups. Serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the HS and HF groups were significantly higher when compared to the normal diet (ND) group. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels of the ND and HS groups were significantly higher than those of the HF group. The hepatic total lipid level of the HF group was significantly higher than those of other groups; triglyceride levels of the HS and HF groups were significantly higher than those of the ND group. Hepatic ACS mRNA levels of the HF group were significantly higher than those of the ND group. Hepatic CPT-I mRNA levels were higher in the HF group than other groups. Also, ACC mRNA levels in the liver increased in the HF group. In conclusion, changes in the composition of dietary fat and carbohydrates could affect the hepatic ACS, CPT-I, and ACC mRNA levels. These results facilitate our understanding of the coordinated regulation of the ACS, CPT-I, and ACC mRNA levels and will serve to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulation of fatty acid metabolism.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품위생안전성학회 2004년도 제3회 식품안전의 날 기념 학술 세미나
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• pp.223-223
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• 2004

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2024

토종보리수 열매의 항당뇨 효과를 규명하기 위하여, 마우스를 네 군으로 나누어, 기본 식이, 고지방·고단순당 식이, 토종보리수 열매 추출물을 저농도 (0.5%) 및 고농도 (1.0%)로 첨가한 고지방·고단순당 식이를 12주간 제공하였다. 고지방·고단순당 식이를 섭취한 군은 대조군에 비해 체중 및 체중 증가량, 부고환 지방무게가 유의적으로 증가하였으나, 고농도 보리수 열매 추출물의 급여는 부고환 지방무게를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 고지방·고단순당군은 대조군에 비해 혈당, 인슐린, HOMA-IR값이 유의적으로 증가하였으나, 고농도 보리수 열매 추출물은 인슐린 농도를 감소시켰고, 저농도 및 고농도 추출물은 혈당 및 HOMA-IR값을 감소시켰다. 고지방·고단순당군은 대조군에 비해 IRS-2 및 AMPK 단백질 발현도가 유의적으로 감소하였으나, 고농도 보리수 열매 추출물의 급여는 IRS-2 발현도를 증가시켰고, 저농도 및 고농도 보리수 열매 추출물의 급여는 AMPK 발현도를 증가시켰다. 따라서, 토종보리수 열매는 제2형 당뇨병 동물에서 인슐린 저항성을 개선시켜 고혈당 개선효과를 나타낸 것으로 나타났다. 고지방·고단순당 식이를 섭취한 마우스에서 저농도 및 고농도 토종보리수 열매 추출물의 급여는 혈청 중성지방 농도 및 간조직의 총 지질과 중성지방 함량을 감소시켰고, 고농도추출물의 급여는 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도를 감소시켜, 토종보리수 열매는 지방간과 이상지질혈증 개선효과를 나타내었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2004

DA-11004 is a synthetic, potent NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPc) inhibitor where $IC_{50}$ for IDPc is 1.49 $\mu$M. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of DA-11004 on the high fat high sucrose (HF)-induced obesity in male C57BL/6J mice. After completing a 8-week period of experimentation, the mice were sacrificed 1hr after the last DA-11004 treatment and their blood, liver, and adipose tissues (epididymal and retroperitoneal fat)were collected. There was a significant difference in the pattern of increasing body weight between the HF control and the DA-11004 group. In the DA-11004 (100 mg/kg) treated group the increase in body weight significantly declined and a content of epididymal fat and retroperitoneal fat was also significantly decreased as opposed to the HF control. DA-11004 (100 mg/kg) inhibited the IDPc activity, and thus, NADPH levels in plasma and the levels of free fatty acid (FFA) or glucose in plasma were less than the levels of the HF control group. In conclusion, DA-11004 inhibited the fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissues via IDPc inhibition, and it decreased the plasma glucose levels and FFA in HF diet-induced obesity of C57BL/6J mice.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.389-394
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• 1999

Male mice (ddY strain) were fed a laboratory chow diet containing 10% sucrose supplemented with orotic acid, hesperetin or naringenin at the 1% level for 14 days. the concentrations of liver triacylglycerol and cholesterol were significantly lower in the OA group than in the control group. When both flavonoids and orotic acid were administered simultaneously, the orotic acid-dependent decrease in liver triacylglycerol and cholesterol were attenuated slightly. The concentration of serum cholesterol in the orotic acid group or the control group was lower than in the orotic acid groups supplemented with hesperetin or naringenin. There were no significantly difference in body weight gain, diary food intake, and the serum concentrations of triacylglycerol and high-density-lipoprotein cholestrol. It was concluded that the inducement of fatty liver in mice failed to feeding a laboratory chow diet containing 10% sucrose supplemented with 1% orotic acid for 14 days.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.201-212
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to find an effect of honey on the lipid metabolism of Sprague Dawley rats. All experimental rats were fed ad libitum, for seven weeks, 68% saccharide diet and 10% or 20% honey from acacia, sumac and miscelllaneous flower honey, respectively, and sucrose. The food efficiency ratio of rat taken diet with honey and high fructose of control group was increased in comparison with the control group. The concentration of cholesterol in serum of rats take총 diet with and high fructose of control group was more increased in comparison with the control and normal group. The concentration of H DL-cholesterol in serum of rats taken sumac honey was increased 57.0% in comparison with the control group, but the concentration of VLDL, LDL-cholesterol in serum of rats taken diet 10PA sumac honey was decreased 48.36% in comparison with the control group. The concentration of phospholipid in serum of rats taken diet with 20% acacia or 10% miscellaneous honey was increased 24.7, 16.25%, respectively, in comparison with the control group. The concentration of free fatty acid in serum of rats taken Inlet with sumac or miscellaneous honey and high fructose was increased in comparison with the comparison with the control group. The concentration supplemented diet with acasia honey was increase in comparison with the control group. The concentration of triglyceride in serum of rat was increased by feeding of honey. The concentration of triglyceride in liver was increased, but the level of phospholipid was decreased by feeding of honey.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2007

A glucose clamp technique was used to compare dietary starch (ST), starch plus sucrose (ST+SU) and sucrose (SU) with regard to the effect on tissue responsiveness and sensitivity to insulin in intact adult male goats. The goats were fed diets containing 1.2 times of ME and CP for maintenance requirements twice daily for 21 d. Of the energy intake, 30% was offered with ST, ST+SU or SU for the respective diets, and 70% as alfalfa hay, ground corn and ground soybean meal at the respective weight ratio of 1, 1, and 0.3 for all diets. Tissue responsiveness and sensitivity to insulin were evaluated using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique with four levels of insulin infusion beyond 13 h after feeding. The concentrations of plasma metabolites and insulin were also determined at 3, 6 and 13 h after feeding to evaluate the effects of different carbohydrates on metabolic states in the body. Plasma glucose concentration was higher (p = 0.01) for SU diet than for ST and ST+SU diets. Increasing SU intake decreased (p<0.01) plasma acetate concentration across the time. At 3 h but not 6 and 13 h after feeding, high lactate (p = 0.01), and non-significant high propionate (p = 0.14) and low urea nitrogen (p = 0.19) concentrations were observed in plasma on SU compared with ST and ST+SU diets. Plasma insulin concentration was not different (p = 0.44) between ST and SU fed animals. In the glucose clamp experiment, considering the effects on the maximal glucose infusion rate (tissue responsiveness to insulin, p = 0.54) and the plasma insulin concentration at half-maximal glucose infusion rate (insulin sensitivity, p = 0.54), SU was not different from ST. It is concluded that SU may not be greatly different from ST with regard to the effect on tissue responsiveness and sensitivity to insulin in adult goats when fed twice daily as part of a high-concentrate diet. The possible greater effects of SU on plasma metabolites concentrations at 3 h than at 6 and 13 h after feeding suggest that a lack of persistency of SU effects during the postfeeding period may be associated with the poor response to SU in insulin action.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.129.2-130
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• 2003

Recently. it has been known that NADPH-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPc) involves in the obesity through production of NADPH, an important cofactor. DA-11004 is a synthetic potent IDPc inhibitor that $IC_{50}$ for IDPc is 1.49$\mu\textrm{M}$ (0.9$\mu$g/ml). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of DA-11004 on the high fat high sucrose (HF)-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. (omitted)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Mulberry leaves(Mori folium) and silkworm(Bombyx mori) are potnet inhibiters of intestinal $\alpha$-glycosidase, and inhibit the digestion of starch and sucrose in the small intestine. They are able to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and decrease blood insulin levels. In this study , a high-carbohydrate diet(CHO ; 67.5%, protein ; 20.8%, fat : 11.7%) was received by the control group. In contrast, the experimental groups received a high-carbohydrate diet with extracts of mulberry leaves and silkwork(50mg.100g diet), and acarbose(6.7mg/100g diet). after a 10 week study period , the experimental groups had lower blood glucose and triglyceride levels. The experimental groups tended to have lwer Hb Alc levels. Also, blood insulin levels were lower than the control groups in accordance with blood glucose levels. The activities of intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase in the middle and distal parts of small intestine were induced by the extracts of mulberry leaves and silkworm in the experimental groups. However, the activities of liver lysosomal glucosidase and the contents of glycogen in the liver were not affected by the mulberry leave and silkworm extracts nor by acarbose. Mulberry leaves and silkworm were able to prevent sudden postprandial peaks in blood glucose as a result of $\alpha$-glycosidase, inhibition, there by decreasing unnecessary insulin secretion.