• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2007

A rotordynamic analysis was performed with a dry vacuum pump, which is a major equipment in modem semiconductor and LCD manufacturing processes. The system is composed of screw rotors, lobes picking air, helical gears, driving motor, and support rolling element bearings of rotors and motor. The driving motor-screw rotor system has a rated speed of 6,300rpm, and was modeled utilizing a rotordynamic FE method for analysis, which was verified through the results of its 3-D finite element model. As loadings on the bearings due to the gear action were significant in the system considered, each resultant bearing load was calculated determinately and indeterminately by considering the generalized forces of the gear action as well as the rotor itself. Each resultant bearing loading was used in calculating each stiffness of rolling element bearings. Design goals are to achieve wide separation margins of critical speeds and favorable unbalance responses of the rotor in the operating range. Then, a complex rotordynamic analysis of the system was carried out to evaluate its forward synchronous critical speeds, whirl natural frequencies and mode shapes, and unbalance responses under various unbalance locations. Results show that the entire system is well designed in the operating range. In addition, the procedure of rotordynamic analysis for dry vacuum pump rotor-bearing system was proposed and established.

• Composites Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

터보/컴프레셔(Turbo compressor)용 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링(Tilting pad journal bearing)은 고속, 고하중의 주축(Rotor)을 지지하는 역할을 하며, 화이트 메탈(White metal)이 대표적인 소재로 널리 사용되어왔다. 그러나 예기치 않은 윤활유 공급 중단 상황(Oil cut situation) 또는 베어링과 주축 사이에 유막(Oil film)이 제대로 형성되지 않을 경우, 기존의 화이트 메탈 베어링은 융착(Seizure) 현상에 의해 바로 정지하게 되고 주축에 심각한 손상을 유발한다. 이러한 융착 문제를 해결하기 위해 기존의 화이트 메탈에 비해 높은 비강성, 비강도 그리고 뛰어난 마찰 특성(Tribological characteristic)을 가지는 탄소섬유 강화 복합재료(Carbon fiber reinforced composite)가 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링에 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 고 내열성 탄소섬유/에폭시 복합재료 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링의 오일공급 중단 상황에서의 내구성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위해 상온 및 오일공급 중단상황의 고온에서 인장, 압축, 전단 등의 기초적인 복합재료 물성 실험을 진행하였고, 복합재료 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링에 있어 가장 중요한 물성인 층간 계면 강도를 측정하기 위해 Short Beam Shear 실험을 진행 하였다. 오일 공급 중단 상황에서 복합재료 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링의 파손(Failure) 가능성을 알아보기 위해 유한 요소 해석(Finite element analysis)을 진행함으로써 베어링 표면에 가해지는 최대 응력을 도출하였고, 해석 결과와 물성 시험으로부터 측정된 강도 값을 이용하여 Tsai-Wu Failure index를 계산하였다. 해석 결과를 검증하기 위해 산업용 테스트 벤치를 이용하여 탄소섬유/에폭시 복합재료로 제조된 틸팅 패드 저널 베어링의 오일 공급 중단 실험을 진행하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2005

Magnetic encoder with relatively low pulse per rotation is generally used for detecting speed of the high-speed rotating machine. It is due to the fact of the mechanical problems of vibration and bearing stiffness and also the limit of maximum output pulse of the mounted encoder. The magnetic encoder is divided into two types, that is, toothed gear-wheel method and magnetic wheel method according to the shape of the rotation disk. In case of detecting speed by the tooth gear-wheel, the encoder itself can be acted as the additional inertia where the number of tooth determining the output pulse and the width of the wheel detecting the change of the magnetic flux density are relatively enough large considering the volume of the rotating machine. While the magnetic wheel method has the limit of the magnetizing number of the ring magnet, there is relatively few, if nv, the influence of inertia on the machine. In this paper, it is proposed a simple magnetic wheel encoder suited for the high speed rotating machine and the method of signal processing and the output characteristics are examined through the V/F operation of max 48,000(rpm) and 2.4(KW) spindle motor.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.585-599
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• 2023

Field monitoring techniques offer an attractive approach for understanding bridge behavior under in-service loads. However, the investigations on bridge behavior under high-speed train load using field monitoring data are limited. The focus of this study is to explore the structural behavior of an in-service long-span steel truss arch bridge based on field monitoring data. First, the natural frequencies of the structure, as well as the train driving frequencies, are extracted. Then, the train-induced bearing displacement and structural strain are explored to identify the effects of train loads and bearings. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis is performed for the impact factor of strain responses with respect to the train speed, train weight, and temperature to identify the fundamental issues affecting these responses. Additionally, a similar sensitivity analysis is conducted for the peak acceleration. The results indicate that the friction force in bearings provides residual deformations when two consecutive trains are in opposite directions. In addition, the impact factor and peak acceleration are primarily affected by train speed, particularly near train speeds that result in the resonance of the bridge response. The results can provide additional insight into the behavior of the long-span steel truss bridges under in-service high-speed train loads.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.186-194
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• 2004

Experiments were conducted to determine the structural static and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings. The housing of the bearing on the journal was driven by an impact hammer which was used to simulate dynamic forces acting on the bump loll with various leading condition. Two different bump foils (Cu-coated bump and viscoelastic bump) were tested and the static and dynamic coefficients of two bump foils compared, based on the experimental measurements for a wide range of operating conditions. The static and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings were extracted 0rpm the frequency response function by least square method and IV(Instrumental Variable) method. The experiment was tested at 0rpm and $10,000\~16,000rpm$, and loaded on $50\~150N$. From the test results, the possibility of the application of high load and high speed condition is suggested.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2015

600km/h급 철도노반 개발은 초고속주행에 의한 동적상호작용의 예측이 어렵기 때문에 기술개발에 애로사항이 많다. 특히 교량/토공 접속부는 동적 상호작용을 포함하여 지지력, 압축, 침하, 배수, 유동 등의 영향 요소가 복합적으로 발생하는 구간으로서 접속부에서의 안정성이 확보된다면 초고속 열차용 토공노반의 안정성도 확보 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 초고속철도 접속구조개발의 기초 연구단계로서 국내 고속철도에서 적용하고 있는 접속부의 보강방안을 우선적으로 적용하여 초고속 주행시의 설계변수 영향을 해석적으로 검토하였다. 설계변수는 설계단계에서 검토 가능한 항목인 보강방안의 유무, 기하하적 형상, 재료의 강성 등이며, 분석내용은 초고속주행에 따른 궤도의 변형응답과 주행안정성을 검토하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2017

This paper presents a rotordynamic analysis and the operation of a power turbine applied to a 250 kW super-critical $CO_2$ cycle. The power turbine consists of a turbine wheel and a shaft supported by two fluid film bearings. We use a tilting pad bearing for the power turbine owing to the high speed operation, and employ copper backing pads to improve the thermal management of the bearing. We conduct a rotordynamic analysis based on the design parameters of the power turbine. The dynamic coefficients of the tilting pad bearings were calculated based on the iso-thermal lubrication theory and turbine wheel was modeled as equivalent inertia. The predicted Cambell diagram showed that there are two critical speeds, namely the conical and bending critical speeds under the rated speed. However, the unbalance response prediction showed that vibration levels are controlled within 10 mm for all speed ranges owing to the high damping ratio of the modes. Additionally, the predicted logarithmic decrement indicates that there is no unstable mode. The power turbine uses compressed air at a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ in its operation, and we monitor the shaft vibration and temperature of the lubricant during the test. In the steady state, we record a temperature rise of $40^{\circ}C$ between the inlet and outlet lubricant and the measured shaft vibration shows good agreement with the prediction.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2003

This paper presents an analytical method to Investigate the stability of a hydrodynamic journal bearing with rotating herringbone grooves. The dynamic coefficients of the hydrodynamic Journal bearing are calculated using the FEM and the perturbation method. The linear equations of motion can be represented as a parametrically excited system because the dynamic coefficients have time-varying components due to the rotating grooves, even in the steady state. Their solution can be assumed as a Fourier series expansion so that the equations of motion can be rewritten as simultaneous algebraic equations with respect to the Fourier coefficients. Then, stability can be determined by solving Hill's infinite determinant of these algebraic equations. The validity of this research is proved by the comparison of the stability chart with the time response of the whirl radius obtained from the equations of motion. This research shows that the instability of the hydrodynamic journal bearing with rotating herringbone grooves increases with increasing eccentricity and with decreasing groove number, which play the major roles in increasing the average and variation of stiffness coefficients, respectively. It also shows that a high rotational speed is another source of instability by increasing the stiffness coefficients without changing the damping coefficients.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

In this study, a three-pad gas foil journal bearing with a diameter of 40 mm and an axial length of 35 mm was modeled to predict the static and dynamic performances with regard to an increasing mechanical preload. The Reynolds equation for an isothermal and isoviscous ideal gas was coupled with a simple elastic foundation foil model to calculate the hydrodynamic pressure solution iteratively. In the prediction results, the journal eccentricity, journal attitude angle, and minimum film thickness decreased, but the friction torque increased with the preload. A quick comparison implied a lower load capacity but higher stability for a three-pad gas foil bearing compared to a one-pad gas foil journal bearing. The direct stiffness coefficients increased with the preload, but the cross-coupled stiffness coefficients decreased. The direct damping coefficient increased in the horizontal direction but decreased in the vertical direction as the preload increased. These model predictions will be useful as a benchmark against experimental test data.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.166-174
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• 2002

This paper presents an analytical method to Investigate the stability of a hydrodynamic journal bearing with rotating herringbone grooves. The dynamic coefficients of the hydrodynamic journal bearing are calculated using the FEM and the perturbation method. The linear equations of motion can be represented as a parametrically excited system because the dynamic coefficients have time-varying components due to the rotating grooves, even in the steady state. Their solution can be assumed as a Fourier series expansion so that the equations of motion can be rewritten as simultaneous algebraic equations with respect to the Fourier coefficients. Then, stability can be determined by solving Hill's infinite determinant of these algebraic equations. The validity of this research is proved by the comparison of the stability chart with the time response of the whirl radius obtained from the equations of motion. This research shows that the instability of the hydrodynamic journal bearing with rotating herringbone grooves increases with increasing eccentricity and with decreasing groove number, which play the major roles in increasing the average and variation of stiffness coefficients, respectively. It also shows that a high rotational speed is another source of instability by increasing the stiffness coefficients without changing the damping coefficients.