• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2015

이 연구에서는 중등학교에서 사용할 수 있는 미세먼지 포집 장치를 직접 설계 및 제작하고 이를 통해 미세먼지에 포함된 중금속 및 미생물을 분석하는 활동이 가능한지 여부를 탐색하고자 한다. 중등학교 현장의 과학 탐구활동을 위해 청주지역에서 미세먼지를 포집하는 방법과 그 속에 포함된 중금속 및 미생물을 분석하였다. 미세먼지의 포집장소는 청주지역 대학교의 4층 건물 옥상에서 포집하였다. 모터 펌프, 인넷, 지름 $1.0{\mu}m$ 테프론필터, 필터 홀더 등을 이용하여 포집장치를 제작하였다. 이 포집장치를 이용한 미세먼지 포집은 2013년 12월-2014년 6월까지 진행하였다. 포집한 미세먼지의 중금속 성분과 미생물 포함 여부를 분석하였다. 중국에서 날아온 미세먼지 속에는 Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb 등인위적인 오염물질로 판단되는 중금속 성분이 국내 기원 미세먼지 보다 많았다. 더 나아가, 미세먼지 속에는 중금속 뿐만 아니라, 곰팡이나 세균같은 미생물도 다량 포함하고 있었다. 이 연구는 미세먼지가 중금속 뿐만아니라 미생물도 포함하고 있으므로, 이에 대한 체계적인 연구와 모니터링이 필요함을 시사한다고 할 수 있다. 또한, 이 연구는 중등학교 과학실험의 사례로 제공될 수 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2014

본 연구는 도시지역의 식품상점 환경을 측정하기 위한 조사도구를 개발하고, 활용가능성 및 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해 실시하였다. 문헌고찰을 통해 기 개발된 식품상점 조사도구를 검토하여, 우리나라 실정에 맞는 식환경 조사도구를 개발하였고, 크게 식품상점의 특성, 접근성, 식품의 이용가능성에 대한 문항으로 구성하였다. 개발된 조사도구의 현장 적용성 검토를 위해 소요시간, 응답수월성, 참여의사, 현장조사의 어려움, 사용된 용어의 적절성 등을 평가한 결과, 조사시간이 상점의 특성에 따라 차이가 있다는 점을 제외하고는, 모든 측면에서 현장적용성이 높았다. 그리고 식품의 이용가능성 문항에 대해 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, 조사자간 및 조사자내 일치율이 매우 높았다. 건강이 강조된 식품의 경우에는 일반식품에 비해 상대적으로 일치율이 낮았으나, 여전히 높은 일치율 수준을 보였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 식환경 조사도구는 현장적용성과 신뢰도가 높은 것이 확인되었으므로, 추후에 객관적인 식환경 측정이 필요한연구에 다양하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.288-293
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• 2008

The cooling load in winter is significant in many commercial buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the high efficiency of wall insulation. The development of a multi-heat pump that can cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit is required. In this study, the performance of a multi-heat pump with 3-piping system was investigated as a function of refrigerant charge and its performance was analyzed in cooling mode, heating mode, and heat recovery mode. COP in the heating or cooling mode showed little dependence on refrigerant charge at overcharge conditions, while those were strongly dependent on refrigerant charge at undercharge conditions and outdoor inlet temperature. In the heat recovery mode, the performance of the system was very sensitive to charge amount at all conditions. Optimum charge amount in the heat recovery mode was 14% lower than that in the cooling mode at the standard condition because the refrigerant only passed the indoor units. It is required to store the excessive refrigerant charge in a storage tank to optimize the system performance at operating modes.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.492-499
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• 2008

The cooling load in winter is significant in many commercial buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the high efficiency of wall insulation. The development of a multi-heat pump that can cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit is required. In this study, the performance of a multi-heat pump with 3-piping system was investigated as a function of refrigerant charge and its performance was analyzed in cooling mode, heating mode, and heat recovery mode. COP in the heating or cooling mode showed little dependence on refrigerant charge at overcharge conditions, while those were strongly dependent on refrigerant charge at undercharge conditions and outdoor inlet temperature. In the heat recovery mode, the performance of the system was very sensitive to charge amount at all conditions. Optimum charge amount in the heat recovery mode was 14% lower than that in the cooling mode at the standard condition because the refrigerant only passed the indoor units. It is required to store the excessive refrigerant charge in a storage tank to optimize the system performance at operating modes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.396-410
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: High-quality meal intake, including snacks, is necessary for optimal development during adolescence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional intake of adolescents and the quality of their diet according to snack type, eating location, and sleep hours. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey of middle school students living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province was conducted using questionnaires and the 24-h recall method to collect data on the 1-day dietary intake of the students from March to May, 2018. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and the CAN program. RESULTS: The average nutritional intake status among the respondents showed that the energy intake was lower than the recommended, showing 1,914.8 kcal for middle school boys and 1,752.7 kcal for girls. In terms of the nutritional intake status by gender, only the consumption of protein and niacin were significantly higher in boys than girls (P < 0.05). According to the sleep amounts, vitamin C intake was significantly higher in the sleep-deprived group than in the sleep-moderate or sleep-recommended group (P < 0.05), but the intake did not meet the recommendation in any group. The lower density nutrients found in the index of nutritional quality according to eating places were vitamin C, calcium, iron, and folic acid. School meals showed a higher nutritional density in protein, vitamin B₁, and niacin compared to convenience store meals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that sleep amount, and eating place affected the dietary quality of adolescents.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 우산을 보다 쉽게 챙길 수 있도록 도와주는 사물인터넷 기반의 스마트 우산꽂이를 제안한다. 제안한 스마트 은 3가지 기능을 제공한다. 첫째, 기상 정보를 수신하여 정보에 따라 비가 온다면 우산의 손잡이를 노출시켜 사용자가 우산을 챙길 수 있도록 도와준다. 둘째, 스마트 우산꽂이는 열풍 시스템이 있어 빗물에 젖은 우산을 건조시킬 수 있다. 이를 통해 사용자는 빗물에 젖은 우산을 효율적으로 건조하고 쉽게 보관할 수 있도록 도와준다. 셋째, 앱(App)을 통해 스마트 우산꽂이의 현재 상태와 날씨, 빗물받이의 수위 등을 모니터링 할 수 있다. 제안한 스마트 우산꽂이는 비오는 날 우산을 챙겨갈 수 있도록 생활의 편의성을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 복식
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• 제43권
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• pp.169-186
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• 1999

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the relationship between self-concept and clothing buying pattern in accordence with their self-concept. The method employed to conduct this study was normative-descriptive survey using questionnaires. Subjects were 438 high school girls in Seoul and the survery was implemented from the begining of May 1998 to the end of June 1998. The questionnaires were completed by students during class. Mean Standard Deviation Chi-Squeare and t-test were employed to analize the data gathered. The results are summarzed as follows: (1) The group who has the higher score in total positive self, self identity self satisfacton self behavior physcial self moral ethical self personal self and family self cares more about economical efficiency of clothing than the group who has the lower score. (2) The group who has the higher score in total positive self, self satisfaction personal self and family self attachs greater importance to the practical use of clothing than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. (3) The group who has the higher total positive self score cares originality more than the group who has the lower score when they purchase outdoor garment. (4) The group who has the lower social self score cares modesty and ostentation more than the group who scored higher in social self. (5) The group who has the higher score in positive self behavior personal self and family self cares about convenence in care and maintenance of the clothing than the group has the lower score. (6) Friends buying and use experiences of herself and the observation of other's attire are the main source of fashion information for the present Korean high school girls. The group who has the higher score in total positive self personal self family self, self identity self satisfactio self behavior used their own experiences more often as a source of fashion information than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. The group who has the higher score of total positive self personal self family self, self identity self satisfaction self behavior uses family members more often as a source of fashion information than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. The group who has the higher score in self identity and self behavior uses store displays more often than the group who scored lower. (7) Bonded processing goods stores or fancy goods shops(haberdashery) located in trendy shopping district discount stores and outlet stores of the famous manufactures are main places where Korean high school girls buy their outdoor garments. The group who has the higher score in social self, self identity and personal self uses department stores more often and rerely shops at bonded processing goods stores of fancy goods shops located in thendy shopping district compared to those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2010

The retail business of drugstore was introduced to Korea for the first time 10 years ago. Since Olive Young introduced a retail store in the name of drugstore in 1999 for the first time in Korea, new distribution channel combining drugstore, cosmetic products and dairy products, etc has been made. At initial stage, the new distribution channel grew up slowly because of low specialty and economic stagnation. However, the three big distribution channels, that is to say, Olive Young (CJ), Watsons (GS) and W Store (Kolon Well Care), etc, were established to produce new distribution system following large-scaled discount stores as well as convenience stores. The purpose of the study is to investigate ways making Korean style drugstore be new retail business in addition to traditional markets, department stores, E-Mart and other general super markets and to examine problems preventing the drugstore from being promoted and to find out solutions. The speciality retailers that is called a category killer attacking department stores as well as marts is expanding market quickly. New consumption trend that gives priority to wellbeing is being expanded in accordance with high level of standards of living life: The drugstore is thought to be new alternative of distribution because it keeps special products. Young ladies who are main customers of drugstores respond to the trend sensitively to have more buying power that is thought to be promising. And, consumers' desire has become concrete and special. This is because consumers want not only convenient shopping but also special shopping system that is current trend. These days, so called Multi-shop and Total shop and other special shops have been recently opened. Special multi-shop has been concentrated on fashion product and miscellaneous goods so far: Health total wellbeing shop shall be popular in accordance with wellbeing trends. Drugstores can play an important role. Drugstores were opened for the first time ten years ago. In particular, Olive Young succeeded in going into the black after making efforts for a long time by many persons. Drugstores could succeed in the business owing to many persons in the past as well as customers who liked drugstores. However, drugstores once lost ways and recorded poor business results. The three drugstores, that is to say, Olive Young, Watsons making efforts to go into the black and W-Store pursuing traditional drugstore shall compete each other and make effort to satisfy customers' desire. In that way, the three drugstores can be assured of present business as well as future business. The consumers' demand trend has become special at sub-division so that drugstores that can satisfy the demand can succeed in the business. Large businesses may be more interested in the 4th generation retail business to produce good income and to have bright future. Drugstore business and market are likely to expand and develop owing to large business' participation in drugstore business. Drugstores expanded shop at Seoul and Gyeonggi-do until middle of 2000. Drugstore business at station sphere in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do that have high ratio of temporary population has low customer loyalty to have limitation on continuous growth. Since 2009, drugstores have opened new shops at local towns: From the year of 2010, drugstores need to establish multiple shop strategy by accelerating business speed and to allow customers to drop in the shop anywhere in the nation and to enter consumers' life deeply, so that they can strengthen business base definitely. Drugstores need to have price competitiveness to have multiple shop opening strategy and to satisfy consumers and to supply high quality services that is future subject to solve. And, Olive Young and Watsons that are Korean style drugstore need to keep system in order and to strengthen substance as Korean style drugstore and to expand marketing, so that they can get business outcome within 5 years that was done 10 years before and they become the 4th generation retail business. The study had difficulties at collecting material from the three drugstore because of poor cooperation. And, the author had great difficulty at collecting statistical material that was made in disorder. Further effort is needed considering such problems.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2000

In this paper we introduce the correlation-aided distributed sample acquisition (CDSA) scheme for fast cell search in IMT-2000 W-CDMA cellular system. The proposed scheme incorporates the state symbol correlation process into the comparison-correction based synchronization process of the original DSA scheme to enable fast acquisition even under very poor channel environment. for its realization, each mobile station (MS) has to store in its memory a set of state sample sequences. which are determined by the long-period scrambling sequences used in the system and the sampling interval of the state samples. CDSA based cell search is carried out in two stages : First, the MS first acquires the slot timing by using the primary synch code (PSC) and then identifies the igniter code which conveys the state samples of the current cell . Secondly. the MS identifies the scrambling code and frame timing by taking the comparison-correction based synchronization approach and, if the identification is not done satisfactorily within preset time. it initiates the state symbol correlation process which correlates the received symbol sequence with the pre-stored state sample sequences for a successful identification. As the state symbol SNR is relatively high. the state symbol correlation process enables reliable synchronization even in very low chip-SNR environment. Simulation results show that the proposed CDSA scheme outperforms the 3GPP 3-step approach, requiring the signal power of about 7 dB less for achieving the same acquisition time performance in low-SNR environments. Furthermore, it turns out very robust in the typical synchronization environment where large frequency offset exists.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.147-151
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• 1976

A study was conducted during the period of August 13 to August 18, 1974 to obtain information on knowledge and attitude of the rural area housewife toward health care and antibiotics using. Interviewed 242 housewives dwelling in Soodong and Hwado Myun, Yangju Gun, Kyunggi Do, a typical rural area in Korea and the following results are obtained: 1. Of 242 housewives interviewed, 20.2% were illiteracy, 68.2% was graduated from primary school, 9.1% from middle school and 2.5% from high school. 2. Of those interviewed, 8.7% were Christian, 5.0% Bueldist, 2.9% Confucianism, and 83.4% of those were no religious preference. 3. Utility rate according with the kind of mass media in home was 85.1% of respondants possessed radio, 16.1% of magazine, 12.8% of newspaper, and 4.1% of television. 4. In the case of patients occure in a family, 13.0% out of 242 respondants had chosen physician's clinics for inicial medical care place, 58.4% drug stores, 0.9% herb medicine and 27.7% of those had chosen folk medicine at home. 5. Antibiotics effective complaints listed by the respondants were skin diseases with 43.8%, suppurated wound 30.0%, URI like symptoms 18.2%, diarrhea 14.5%, low back pain 12.9%, fever 6.2%, loss of appetite 3.3%, all kind of diseases 2.5%, urethral discharge 2.1% and tuberculosis 0.8% respectively. 6. Only 14.7% of respondants had obtained antibiotics for medical care from physician's clinics and 85.3% of the respondants had obtained antibioties from drug store (70.7%), village shop (10.4%), and salesmen in street market without any physician's prescription. 7. Eighty-nine percent of the respondants were understanding on patient care activity as the local health subcenter but only 11.0% of those on M.C.H., 29.0% of those on family planning, 21% on vaccination, and only 6.6% on tuberculosis control activity. 8. Utility rate of the local health subcenter was 71.9% out of the patients indicated medical care of medical facilities.