• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.479-482
• /
• 2012

Aim: Soy foods are the major source of isoflavones, which are believed to play important roles in genesis of breast cancer and its progression. We here conducted a prospective study to evaluate the association of soy isoflavone food consumption with breast cancer prognosis. Methods: A prospective study was performed from January 2004 and January 2006 in China. Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire to collect information on dietary habits and potential confounding factors. The relative risk [hazard ratio (HR)] and 95% CI were calculated from the Cox regression model for all significant predictors from cancer diagnosis to the endpoint of the study (event). Results: After a median follow up of 52.1 months (range, 9-60 months), a total of 79 breast cancer related deaths were recorded in our study, risk being inversely associated with a high intake of soy isoflavone. With an average intake of soy isoflavone above 17.3 mg/day, the mortality of breast cancer can be reduced by about 38-36%. We also found the decreased breast cancer death with high soy protein intake, with a HR (95% CI) of 0.71 (0.52-0.98). Stratified analysis with reference to the ER status, further demonstrated a better prognosis of ER positive breast cancer with a high intake of soy isoflavone (HR 0.59, 0.40-0.93). Conclusion: Our study shows the soy food intake is associated with longer survival and low recurrence among breast cancer patients. A cohort study with a larger sample size and long term follow-up is now needed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.310-315
• /
• 2010

The amount of salt intake of Korean people is 11.4 grams per a day, which is 2.3 times of the recommended daily salt intake by WHO - 5 grams of salt a day. The relationship between high salt consumption and increased risk of high blood pressure, observed not only in hypertensive but also in normotensive patients. High salt intake is also associated with an increased risk of heart attack, cerebral ischemia and osteoporosis. Therefore, this research is for developing a salt taste sensor to reduce sodium consumption and improve meal habits for the perception of a more bland taste of most foods. When the sensor was put into food sample, current intensity achieved with distribution cables. Current intensity was correlate with a simple equivalent of salt taste stimulus intensity. The salt taste sensor consists of salinity & temperature measuring probe, signal processing circuit and LCD display & LED warning light. When salinity is going over a set point, LCD displayer indicate salt taste on LCD panel by percent value (%), and at the same time, blue LED light change to red LED light. So we could know the grade of salt taste in soup before meals conveniently and objectively. The results show that operating range of 10 to $80^{\circ}C$ and accuracy of ${\pm}0.1%$ were achieved with an analysis time of about 2 or 3 sec. Moderate reductions in salt intake can help to avert adult diseases and lead a healthy life.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.1111-1117
• /
• 2014

Golestan province has a reputation for relatively high incidence rates of gastric cancer in Iran. Along with dietary, lifestyle and environmental influential factors, soil selenium and high levels of pesticide used may exert influence in this region. The present study was designed for modeling the influential predictors on incidence of gastric cancer in Golestan. All registered cases of gastric cancer from March 2009 to March 2010 (49 females and 107 males) were investigated. Data were gathered by both check list and researcher made questionnaire (demographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics) and analysed using logistic regression. Mean (${\pm}SD$) age at diagnosis was $62.9{\pm}13.8$ years. CIR and ASR of gastric cancer showed 9.16 and 13.9 per 100,000 people, respectively. Based on univariate logistic regression, a history of smoking (OR= 2.076), unwashed hands after defecation (OR= 2.612), history of cancer in relatives (OR= 2.473), history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives (OR= 2.278), numbers of gastric cancers in first-degree relatives (OR= 2.078), history of X-ray and dye exposure (OR= 2.395), history of CT scan encounter (OR= 2.915), improper food habits (OR= 3.320), specific eating behavior (OR= 0.740), consumption of probable high risk foods (OR= 2.942), charred flesh (OR= 1.945), and animal fat (OR= 2.716) were confirmed as a risk factors. Changes in lifestyle may be expected to increase gastric cancer incidence dramatically in the near future. Therefore, appropriate educational interventions should be designed and implemented by competent authorities.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.789-797
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to find the differences in food consumption frequency of the middle aged(male 20, female 50) and the elderly(male 15, female 15) living in Chonju in December, 1998 according to food habits, smoking, alcohol drinking and exercising habit, health status, and the levels of nutrition knowledge and attitude store. The foods frequently consumed among the subjects were kimchi(15.4/week), mixed rice(11.5/week), rice(7.6/week), vegetables in soup, jjigae and jorim(5.0/week), mandarins and oranges(5.e/week), and seasoned laver(4.3/week). There were several factors influencing food consumption patterns. These were age, regularity of meal times, the status of smoking, alcohol drinking and exercising, and the level of nutrition attitude. The elderly ate cooked rice more frequently, while the middle aged ate fish, especially blue fishes more frequently. The middle aged who had breakfast regularly ate milk and milk products, legumes and fruits frequently. Those who smoked seemed to eat less cereals and starches and fats, while those who didn't smoke ate more sugars. The alcohol drinking group also ate less fats and the exorcising group ate almost all of food groups frequently. The status of health showed to be related with food consumption patterns. The normal group in hemoglobin ate eggs more frequently than the anemia group and the high risk group in blood pressure ate almost all of food groups more frequently. The high level group for nutrition attitude score chose vegetables, fruits, and milk and milk products more frequently than the other groups. On the other hand, low level group for nutrition attitude score was apt to eat ramyun, ham-sausage, and carbonated beverages more frequently. Therefore, nutrition education to improve the food habits find to change nutrition attitude is necessary to promote health status anti mole attention should be taken to the high risk group in blood pressure to guide proper food and nutrition intakes.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 2023

A Pap smear is the most important screening test for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. However, subjective judgment by the operator cannot be excluded, and replicability may greatly be reduced if uncertain specimens are examined. Examiners often experience difficulties in differentiating atrophy with inflammatory changes and ASCUS when diagnosing squamous epithelial lesions from a pap smear. Reports often vary between cytologists and pathologists, and misdiagnosis may result in delayed follow-ups and advanced diseases. Hence, auxiliary examinations are necessary when confusing results between atrophy and ASCUS are obtained. The importance of p16^INK4a activation due to HPV infection, which is an important factor in the outbreak of cervical cancer, has been highlighted. Recent studies have reported that p16^INK4a immunocytochemical staining and HPV high-risk type tests using liquid-based cervical specimens are effective to detect the presence of lesions of grade HSIL or higher in patients with ASC-H. However, no research exists on the utility of HPV and p16^INK4a tests on the differential diagnosis of atrophy and ASCUS. This study focused on whether p16^INK4a immunocytochemical staining and HPV tests can help diagnose borderline lesions between atrophy and ASCUS. The results reported that p16^INK4a activation can significantly (P<0.001) differentiate atrophy from ASCUS in atrophic lesions infected with High risk-HPV. Therefore, it may be concluded that p16^INK4a immunocytochemical staining is an effective auxiliary test in lesions infected with HR-HPV when atrophic lesions are difficult to differentiate by morphology. Such results are expected to help decide on adequate follow-up and treatment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제55권5호
• /
• pp.558-571
• /
• 2022

본 연구에서는 우리나라 성인 중 AD를 앓고 있는 사람들의 식이 섭취량을 분석하여 이들의 식습관이 AD발병 위험과 관련이 있는지 분석하고자 하였다. 활용한 자료는 제7기 국민건강영양조사 (2016-2018년) 자료로서, 참가자 중 19-64세 성인 10,571명을 AD군 (n = 366)과 non-AD군 (n = 10,205)으로 나누어 영양소 섭취 현황과 식생활평가지수 점수를 비교·분석하였다. 그 결과, AD군의 1일 총 에너지섭취량은 non-AD군보다 많았고, 단백질 에너지섭취비율, 섭취에너지 1,000 kcal 당 단백질, 인, 철, 칼륨 섭취량이 AD군이 non-AD군보다 유의미하게 낮았다. 식생활평가지수 총점을 비교했을 때에는, AD군의 총 채소류, 김치 및 장아찌류를 제외한 채소류, 고기·생선·달걀·콩류 섭취점수가 non-AD군보다 낮았다. 연구대상자의 식생활평가지수와 AD 위험도와의 관계를 분석했을 때, AD 위험도는 총 채소류, 김치 및 장아찌류를 제외한 채소류, 고기·생선·달걀·콩류 섭취 점수가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 성인 AD환자들은 채소류와 단백질 식품 섭취가 낮았는데, 이들 식품군의 높은 섭취는 낮은 AD 위험과 관련이 있음을 확인한 바, 추후 성인 AD 관리 및 치료 시 채소류와 단백질 식품의 충분한 섭취에 대해 강조해야 할 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제43권10호
• /
• pp.1484-1490
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 고지방식이 투여로 비만 및 고지혈증을 유도한 동물에서 L. plantarum CECT 7527, 7528과 7529 혼합물이 비만 및 고지혈증에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 흰쥐에 8주 동안 고지방식이를 급여하면서 L. plantarum 혼합물을 $0.6{\sim}2.4{\times}10^9CFU/day$를 경구 투여하였고 동물을 희생하여 혈청 및 간조직 내의 지질 함량을 조사하였다. L. plantarum 혼합물 투여에 의해 체중증가량, 간과 부고환 지방 무게가 현저히 감소하였다. 또한 비만과 관련 있는 호르몬인 혈청 렙틴의 함량이 L. plantarum 혼합물 투여에 의해 감소하였다. L. plantarum 혼합물 투여가 혈청 중성지방과 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량 및 혈당에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나 혈청 총콜레스테롤 함량 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량을 현저히 감소하였다. 이와 더불어 L. plantarum 혼합물 투여가 동맥경화지수와 심혈관위험지수를 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간조직 내의 총 지질 함량, 중성지방 함량 및 총콜레스테롤 함량은 L. plantarum 혼합물 투여에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 L. plantarum CECT 7527, 7528과 7529가 혼합된 L. plantarum 혼합물이 체지방 감소 및 고지혈증 개선 효과를 나타냄을 보여준다. 향후 더 많은 연구가 필요하나 본 연구는 L. plantarum 혼합물을 비만 및 고지혈증 개선제로 개발할 수 있는 가능성을 제시한다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2009

Contamination levels of aerobic colony counts, coliforms and pathogenic bacteria were tested in fried rice dishes to monitor quality for risk management. The prevalence of Bacillus cereus in dishes from 8 Chinese-style restaurants and 2 institutional foodservices was 10%, and the bacteria's contamination levels was 3.47 log CFU/g. Echerichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella were not detected in any of the 10 samples. However, for their aerobic colony counts and numbers of isolated coliforms, the samples were 30% and 70% over the microbial criteria, respectively, for ready-to-eat foods presented in the Korean Food Code. This suggests that fried rice dishes, although cooked with oil at high temperature, require special care. For the prediction of the growth curve of B. cereus spp. in the fried rice samples, an experiment design of 3 storage temperatures ($7^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$, $57^{\circ}C$) x 5 storage times (0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 24 h) was applied. The sample exposed to $35^{\circ}C$ showed no B. cereus spp. at 0 h; however, there was a tendency of slow growth (1.0 log CFU/g) after 4 hours of storage and then faster growth at 6 h (3.7 log CFU/g) and 12 h (4.7 log CFU/g), showing a growth rate of 0.56 log CFU/g/hr. These results indicate that fried rice, despite being heat-treated, can become heavily contaminated with B. cereus spp. when held over 2 hours at room temperature. However, the samples stored at $7^{\circ}C$ and $57^{\circ}C$ over 24 hours were not contaminated with B. cereus. Based on these results, management guidelines for controlling B. cereus are suggested.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2012

T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin, belong to type A trichothecences, are the most toxic mycotoxins among the trichothecene family. These mycotoxins are commonly found in cereals such as maize, wheat, barley, oats and rice, and their occurrence in food can be of concern. This review investigated the current trends of patents and researches on T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin pertaining to natural occurrence, toxicity, metabolism, risk assessment, analytical and screening methods, and reduction/detoxification techniques. As compared with other $Fusarium$ mycotoxins, there are limited data for natural occurrence and risk assessment, and regulatory limit and official analytical methods on T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in domestic and foreign countries. In particular, selective deacetylation at the C3 and/or C4 positions of T-2 toxin by carboxyesterase present in foods was reported to cause the disappearance of T-2 and the extremely high HT-2 recoveries. Currently, regulatory limits for T-2 and HT-2 are under discussion in EU. For enforcement purposes it is essential to have available precise and reliable analytical methods applicable at the regulatory levels for the T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin and relevant commodities. In addition, a further study on natural occurrence, risk assessment and reduction/detoxification techniques will be recommended.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.672-679
• /
• 2005

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease has the potential to lead to sudden in-flight incapacitation and permanent grounding. The aims of this study are to examine the relationships between lifestyle, job stress and blood lipid levels of male aircrew personnel of a Korean airline and to identify which factors influence their hyper-lipidemia. Methods. Two hundred sixteen male aircrew personnel completed a questionnaire by self-report and consented to participate in the study. The questionnaire collected data related to job stress, life style, serum cholesterol levels and general characteristics of the aircrew. The cholesterol levels of the subjects were collected from their most recent health check-up records. Subjects were divided into two groups (the desirable group and the risk group) based on their serum cholesterol level, 200 mg/dl. Results. Mean age and marital status were significantly different between the two groups. More subjects in the risk group had habits of eating high lipid foods, while more subjects in the desirable group exercised more frequently than the risk group. In logistic regression analysis, after controlling age and marital status, types of working situation (domestic duty or international duty, odds ratio=.390, p=.018), diet (odds ratio=.429, p=.037), and exercise (odds ratio=.320, p=.055) were influencing factors on aircrew's serum cholesterol lev-els. Conclusions. The cholesterol level of aircrew personnel is closely related to their lifestyle, such as lipid diet and exercise. The type of work situations, e.g. staying in an airplane for long periods of time or staying abroad, may influence these diet patterns and exercise habits.