• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1325-1330
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• 2009

A general method has been developed for the solid phase synthesis of drug-like 7-aryl-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)- one derivatives 6. The method relies on a novel, microwave irradiation promoted cyclization reaction of the BOMBA resin bound, N-substituted-$\alpha$-(2-chloro-4-bromophenoxy)acetamide 3 that takes place via a Smiles rearrangement. The 7-bromobenzo[1,4]oxazine 4, produced in this process is converted to 7-aryloxazin analogs 5 by utilizing Suzuki coupling with various substituted arylboronic acids. Finally, the target 7-aryl-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-ones 6 are liberated from the resin by treatment with 5% TFA. The progress of the reactions involved in this preparative route can be monitored by using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy on a single bead. The target compounds, obtained by using this five-step sequence, are produced in high yields and purities.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07d
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• pp.2505-2507
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• 2001

The RF signal is distorted since the cross-talk noise from adjacent tracks and ISI(Inter Symbol Interference) is also incresed as recording density is increased. These cross-talk noise and ISI are main reason of reading error for the embossed pits on the disc. In this study we suggest a new coding method, spaced modulation technique and a detection technique for the spaced modulation. We report the result shows detection performance is improved when we use the suggested spaced modulation code and the detection technique instead of conventional modulation code.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2005

This article reports the experimental and numerical results for free sprays under ultra-high injection pressure conditions to give us better understandings of spray characteristics and also to make clear a limit pressure condition in diesel sprays. The high pressure injection system developed in this work is devised to reach ultra-high pressure conditions in the range from 150 MPa to 355 MPa. The free spray injected from a single nozzle injector is visualized by the Schlieren technique and the high speed camera. In particular, it is found that the shock waves are present and propagated along the edge of spray in the downstream direction. The measured spray penetration length increases gradually with the injection pressure, but its increasing rate is decreased as the injection pressure increases. The Sauter mean diameter is also no longer augmented for the injection pressures higher than 300 MPa. In addition, the three­dimensional numerical simulations are conducted for comparing the measurements with the predictions based on two different breakup models. The TAB model results show better agreements with experimental data than the WAVE model under ultra-high injection pressure conductions. Moreover, the simulation results show that the gas-phase pressure increases substantially in the vicinity of the spray tip region. It supports the experimental observation that the shock waves are formed at the front of spray tip and are propagated downstream.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

With the help of fast growing multimedia technology and high preference for users of large screens, the newest video coding standard, HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) high-quality video compression), has been introduced. Therefore, the high definition image services which are four times more clear than conventional HD video, are getting popular. JPEG 2000 also has stated to support 4K and 8K UHD. As a result, it requires fast processing technology to read and write UHD images. This paper introduces a study on fast parallel processing technology for UHD images. For this purpose, first, JPEG 2000 is reviewed and a GPU based parallel implementation is proposed for a preprocessing of color conversion stage. The parallelled algorithm is implemented with OpenCL (Open Computing Language). The simulation results show that the proposed method shows 5 times performance improvements on processing speed for 4K UHD over the method using threads.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.155-165
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• 2010

As a promising candidate to replace the conventional floating gate flash memories, polysilicon-oxide-nitride-oxidesilicon (SONOS)-type nonvolatile semiconductor memories have been investigated widely in the past several years. SONOS-type memories have some advantages over the conventional floating gate flash memories, such as lower operating voltage, excellent endurance and compatibility with standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, their operating speed and date retention characteristics are still the bottlenecks to limit the applications of SONOS-type memories. Recently, various approaches have been used to make a trade-off between the operating speed and the date retention characteristics. Application of high-k dielectrics to SONOS-type memories is a predominant route. This article provides the state-of-the-art research progress of high-k dielectrics applicable to SONOS-type nonvolatile semiconductor memories. It begins with a short description of working mechanism of SONOS-type memories, and then deals with the materials' requirements of high-k dielectrics used for SONOS-type memories. In the following section, the microstructures of high-k dielectrics used as tunneling layers, charge trapping layers and blocking layers in SONOS-type memories, and their impacts on the memory behaviors are critically reviewed. The improvement of the memory characteristics by using multilayered structures, including multilayered tunneling layer or multilayered charge trapping layer are also discussed. Finally, this review is concluded with our perspectives towards the future researches on the high-k dielectrics applicable to SONOS-type nonvolatile semiconductor memories.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1174-1179
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• 2006

In order to study auricular acupuncture and treadmill exercise involved in high fat diet-induced obesity rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into five group. Group I : Normal diet-induced group, Group II : high fat diet-induced group, Group III: high fat diet-induced group and auricular acupuncture, Group IV : high fat diet-induced group and treadmill exercise, Group V : high fat diet-induced group and auricular acupuncture and treadmill exercise. In each group, body weight, serum lipid, histologic obserations, and fat tissue were observed and analyzed. The following results were obtained. Body weights were significantly increase in group II than group I. The level of total cholesterol, LDL-C and TG were significantly lower in experimental groups than group I. Only auricular acupuncture was tended to body weight change but not significantly different between experimental group. The above result suggest that auricular acupuncture and treadmill exercise effectively repressed in obesity. It would be considered that auricular acupuncture and treadmill exercise have an effects on relieving obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.72-85
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• 2008

With the new millennium setting in, our society is plowing its way through more drastically changing currents than ever. Nowadays, many people believe that high tech such as the Internet, digital civilization, the IT revolution, bio-industry, and the genome project, that has brought humans material prosperity, is the right change in direction. However, the more we adopt high tech into our lives, the more we desire high touch in order to achieve a balance. In other words, we need something to act as a ballast to stabilize our minds. As such, the more high tech develops, the more individuals miss and search for tools that appeal to their emotions. Because of this, although high touch is an opposite concept to high tech, it coexists with high tech, and it is defined as "human contact of high sensitivity that stimulates the emotion of humans". High Touch, a term which originated from "High Tech, High Touch", a book written by American futurist John Naisbitt, refers to human contact that makes human life richer, forminga deep impression on individuals and providing comfort. As such, high touch, which is gaining significant attention in modern society, is a phenomenon occurring throughout politics, society, culture, art, and religion, together with high tech. Through high touch, modern people must realize how to understand and accept a modern society that is dominated by the age of technology and in which direction they should head. Under this background, this study has the following objectives: to interpret the concept of high touch in the age of high tech in association with formative art and fashion, and through various media examine the desire for expression that may stimulate emotion in modern people, which is required by the high tech-prevalent modern society. It further analyzes how high touch is reflected in modern fashion and presents the direction future fashion should head in.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.125-131
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• 2001

In this study, we compared the properties of 23 high and 55 low price sunglass lenses with the standards in the ordinary optical properties, materials, coloration, UV, IR and luminous transmittance, color acceptance for traffic signal, chromaticity and contrast sensitivity. The ordinary optical properties of the lenses met comparatively the requirements of the KS standard. The HIGH-type and LOW-type lenses were primarily made by glass and acrylate, respectively. In the coloration, HIGH-type was in group around neutral color but LOW-type was distributed widely on the line between 570 nm and 485 nm. There are fails in 7% of HIGH-type and 18% of LOW-type in the stimulus purity of the luminous transmittance. Wavelength of the UV/VIS cut-off was over 350 nm for HIGH-type but 6% of LOW-type was under 350 nm. In the erythemal UV, all HIGH-type met the needs of standards but 5 LOW-type failed with DIN standard In the near UV, KS standard worked in stringency, and HIGH-type showed more failure than LOW-type. The characteristics of the IR transmittance of HIGH-type was better than that of LOW-type. In the color acceptance of traffic signal, all HIGH-type met the needs of ANSI standards but 21.8% of LOW-type failed with the standard. In the contrast sensitivity tested with various coloured sunglasses, the value increased with increasing of Land decreasing of test distance. In view of the results so far, HIGH-type met with excellent properties as compared with LOW-type.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

For the removal of cesium (Cs) from high radioactive/high salt-laden liquid waste, this study synthesized a highly efficient composite adsorbent (potassium cobalt ferrocyanide (PCFC)-loaded chabazite (CHA)) and evaluated its applicability. The composite adsorbent used CHA, which could accommodate Cs as well as other molecules, as a supporting material and was synthesized by immobilizing the PCFC in the pores of CHA through stepwise impregnation/precipitation with $CoCl_2$ and $K_4Fe(CN)_6$ solutions. When CHA, with average particle size of more than $10{\mu}m$, is used in synthesizing the composite adsorbent, the PCFC particles were immobilized in a stable form. Also, the physical stability of the composite adsorbent was improved by optimizing the washing methodology to increase the purity of the composite adsorbent during the synthesis. The composite adsorbent obtained from the optimal synthesis showed a high adsorption rate of Cs in both fresh water (salt-free condition) and seawater (high-salt condition), and had a relatively high value of distribution coefficient (larger than $10^4mL{\cdot}g^{-1}$) regardless of the salt concentration. Therefore, the composite adsorbent synthesized in this study is an optimized material considering both the high selectivity of PCFC on Cs and the physical stability of CHA. It is proved that this composite adsorbent can remove rapidly Cs contained in high radioactive/high salt-laden liquid waste with high efficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to determine the preventive effects of combined interventional trial of fish oil treatment and exercise training on insulin resistance of skeletal muscle in high-fat fed rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into chow diet (CD), high-fat diet (HF), high-fat diet with fish oil (FO), high-fat diet with exercise training (EX), and FO+EX groups. The rats in control group were fed chow diet containing, as percents of calories, 58.9% carbohydrate, 12.4% fat, and 28.7% protein. High-fat diet provided 32% energy as lard, 18% as corn oil, 27% as carbohydrate and 23% as casein. The fish oil diet had the same composition as the high fat diet except that 100 g menhaden oil was substituted for corn oil. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by in vitro glucose transport in the soleus muscle after diet treatment and treadmill running for 4 weeks. While the FO or EX only partially prevented insulin resistance on glucose transport and visceral obesity induced by high-fat diet, these interventions completely corrected hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia from the high-fat diet. The rats in the FO+EX showed normalized insulin action on glucose transport, plasma chemicals and visceral fat mass. Insulin-mediated glucose transport was negatively associated with total visceral fat mass (r=－0.734; p＜0.000), plasma triglyceride (r=－0.403; p＜0.05) and lepin (r=－0.583; p＜0.001) concentrations with significance. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that only total visceral fat mass was independently associated with insulin-mediated glucose transport (r=－0.668; p＜0.000). In conclusion, combined interventional trial of FO+EX recovered insulin resistance on glucose transport of skeletal muscle induced by high-fat diet. Visceral fat mass might be more important factor than plasma TG and leptin to induce insulin resistance on glucose transport of skeletal muscle in high-fat fed rats.