• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2020

Infections by herpes simplex viruses have an immense impact on humans, ranging from self-limiting, benign illness to serious, life-threatening diseases. While nucleoside analog drugs are available, resistance has been increasing and currently no vaccine exists. Ginsenosides derived from Panax ginseng have been documented to inhibit several viruses and bolster immune defenses. This study evaluated 12 of the most relevant ginsenosides from P. ginseng for toxicities and inhibition of herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 in Vero cells. The effects of test compounds and virus infection were determined using a PrestoBlue cell viability assay. Time course studies were also conducted to better understand at what points the virus life cycle was affected. Non-toxic concentrations of the ginsenosides were determined and ranged from 12.5 μM to greater than 100 μM. Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect and was active against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 with an IC₅₀ of approximately 35 μM. The most dramatic inhibition-over 100% compared to controls-occurred when the virus was exposed to 20(S)-Rg3 for 4 h prior to being added to cells. 20(S)-Rg3 holds promise as a potential chemotherapeutic agent against herpes simplex viruses and, when used together with valacyclovir, may prevent increased resistance to drugs.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 1996

The motor complications after herpes zoster infection are uncommon, but, the association of muscular paralysis and zoster has been reported for several times. The association between diaphragmatic paralysis and zoster was for the first time reported by Halpern and Covner. The case presented below showed right diaphragmatic paralysis following herpes zoster of C3 and C4 region of dermatome on the right side. A 59-year-old man was found to have a paralysed hemidiaphragm within two months of the appearance of typical herpes zoster rashs involving his right shoulder and neck. Investigations, including bronchoscopy, failed to detect other cause for the diaphragmatic paralysis. We believe that the cervical zoster and diaphragmatic paralysis were causally related.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment in patient with Herpes Zoster and hyperemesis gravidarum during pregnancy. Methods : 10 weeks pregnant patient with Herpes Zoster and hyperemesis gravidarum was treated by herbal medicine ( Bosaeng-tang ) and acupuncture. We measured visual analogue scale (VAS) and observed the change of skin lesion. Results : After treatment, vesicles and crusts of right buttock and lower leg clearly dis appeared. Patient no more suffered from nausea and vomiting. VAS (Visual analogue scale) of pain changed 8 to 0. After 7months, the patient gave birth to a healthy child. Conclusions : This case report shows that the Korean medical treatment is useful and safe in the treatment of Herpes Zoster and hyperemesis gravidarum during pregnancy.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2004

Herpes zoster presents clinically with cutaneous vesicular eruption and pain along the dermatome, but it can sometimes cause muscular paralysis. When the disease involves cervical root, it is included in the differential diagnosis of shoulder diseases. A sixty-six year old patient, complaining of severe pain and weakness of his left shoulder, was referred to the authors as having a partial tear of the supraspinatus tendon on MRI. However, the authors found out a paralysis of the sixth cervical root in the patient by electrophysiologic studies, noting that the patient had been affected with a herpes eruption in the neck and arm two months before. Zoster paresis has been reported to be associated with the cutaneous eruption within two weeks of its onset, making its diagnosis not so difficult. The authors report a case of delayed-onset muscular paralysis after cutaneous herpes zoster, which presented just like a rotator cuff tear.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 1999

To search for less toxic antiherpetic agents, the inhibitory effects of twelve kinds of flavonoids including chrysin, quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, fisetin, gossypin, kaempferol, morin, naringenin, naringin, hesperetin and hesperidin on the plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in Vero cells were examined by plaque reduction assay in vitro. Some flavonoids tested in this study showed potent antiherpetic activity, reducing intracellular replication of herpes simplex viruses when Vero cell monolayers were infected and subsequently cultured in medium containing flavonoids. Naringenin showed the most potent antiviral activity against HSV-1 with selectivity index (SI) of 19.1 and hesperetin showed the most potent antiviral activity against HSV-2 with SI of 9.8. These results suggest that some flavonoids may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of herpes simplex virus infections.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.247-249
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• 2015

Herpes zoster most commonly occurs in elderly patients, and usually affects sensory neurons. Therefore, its characteristic symptoms are segmental pain, itching, and sensory changes in the affected areas. A 71-yr-old woman experienced painful herpetic rash on the right cervical 2-4 dermatomes for 16 days. Two days after the onset of the rash, she was diagnosed with herpes zoster, and prescribed 250 mg famciclovir three times a day for 7 days, pregabalin 150 mg twice a day, and tramadol 150 mg once a day for 14 days, by a dermatologist. Despite medication, her pain was rated at an intensity of 6/10 on the numeric rating scale. In addition, she complained of severe itching sensation on the affected dermatomes. Superficial cervical plexus block (SCPB) was performed at the right C4 level with 15 ml 0.5% lidocaine plus triamcinolone 30 mg. Five days after the procedure, pain and itching completely disappeared. SCPB may be an effective option for the treatment of acute pain and itching arising from herpes zoster, and for the prevention of postherpetic neuralgia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.151-156
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• 2003

Herpes zoster is a viral disease characterized by unilateral radicular pain and vesicular eruptions that are generally limited to the dermatome innervated by single spinal or cranial sensory ganglion. The disease causes severe pain and in particular, put elderly patients in great risks and further it develops postherpetic nenralgia. Nowadays western medicine use antiviral durg(ex: acyclovir), analgesics, nerve block and etc for treatment of herpes zoster and pain control, but the effect is not much satisfactory. A 73-year-old patient, admitted to our hospital because of severe migrain. Two days later, her illness was diagnosed as herpes zoster so we administrated Yongdamsagan-tang. After the six-day of treatment, all symptoms improved, especially headache was cleared since the four day long administration of Yongdamsagan-tang.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 1996

Herpes simplex virus(HSV) infections of the CNS are associated with significant morbidity and mortality even when appropriate antiviral therapy is administered. HSV infections of the brain can be subdivided into two categories : neonatal HSV infections, which usually are caused by HSV type 2, and herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE), which occur in patients over 3 months old and is nearly uniformly caused by HSV type 1. The clinical presentation of HSE is one of the focal encephalopathic process associated with altered levels of consciousness, fever, focal seizures and hemiparesis. But because of the lack of pathognomic clinical presentation and diagnostic procedure, the efforts to develop alternative diagnostic procedure have led to the use of new diagnostic technique such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR). We report a case of HSV type 1 encephalitis in 13 month old male infant who presented with altered level of consciousness, fever and focal seizures. With the use of the PCR, HSV-1 DNA was detected in cerebrospinal fluid from the patient. The symptoms and signs of encephalitis subsided by treatment with acyclovir in 14 days.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 2016

Following anti-retroviral therapy (ART) or highly active antiretroviral therapy, there is an increased response to latent infections such as herpes zoster, which may lead to their reactivation. This is a result of improved immunity brought about by ART, also termed immune recovery syndrome. A 75-yearold male patient arrived at our institute with widespread vesicles and scabs on the right half of his face and oral cavity, suggesting the involvement of the trigeminal nerve. The patient had a history of being on ART two months earlier and a history of tooth extraction eight days prior to his arrival at our institute. The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive cases amongst herpes zoster cases is high, and these patients become susceptible to infections following ART. Therefore, regardless of the presence of risk factors, every herpes zoster patient should be tested for HIV infection, and high anti-retroviral therapy should be commenced/reinstituted as soon as possible. In addition, the treating physician should maintain a high level of vigilance for the patient during the first few months of ART, the peak incidence of immune recovery inflammatory disease.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 2007

The Varicella zoster virus is responsible for two common infectious diseases: chicken pox(Varicella) and shingles(Herpes zoster). Chicken pox is the primary infection. After the initial infection, the virus remains dormant in sensory ganglia until reactivation may occur decades later. The subsequent reactivation is Herpes zoster. Herpes zoster of the trigeminal nerve distribution manifests as painful, vesicle eruptions of the skin and mucosa innervated by the affected nerve. Oral vesicles usually appear after the skin manifestrations. Reports of osteomyelitis of jaw after trigeminal herpes zoster are extremely rare. We report a case of osteomyelitis on mandible caused by herpes zoster infection which was treated by antiviral drug, curettage. At 1 year post-operatively, mandibular mucosa had healed without recurrent sign. But post-herpetic neuralgia is remained.