• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.521-532
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• 2005

Objectives & Methods : In order to evaluate the in vitro synergic effects or Eunkyo-san which is a traditional poly-herbal formula that has been used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in oriental medicine, and quinolone antibiotics, rufloxacin (RUFX) and iprofloxacin(CPFX), experimentation was designed to determine minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC), $MIC_{50}\;and\;MIC_{90}$ of single use of quinolones and concomitant treatment with Eunkyo-san against 5 strains of aerobic gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella peumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas aeruginosae. Result : In the case of aerobic gram negative bacteria, the MIC, $MIC_{50}\;and\;MIC_{90}$ against Klebsiella peumoniae and Citrobacter freundii significantly decreased in concomitant-treated groups with Eunkyo-san compared to those of single-treated groups of RUFX and CPFX, respectively. However, no significant changes were demonstrated against Echerichia coli, Hemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosae. Conclusion : According to these results, concomitant use of Eunkyo-san against some strains of aerobic gram-negative bacteria dramatically increases in vitro antibacterial activity of RUFX and CPFX, and the increase and selectivity of antibacterial activities against these strains is attributable to Eunkyo-san, and not RUFX or CPFX activity.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2006

Ssanghwatang (SHT) has been known to prove effective in the treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), and its modified formula is widely used in clinical practice. However, its fundamental mechanism of action is not clearly known. It is well known that endothelial cells can achieve the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles by the release of nitric oxide (NO). NO is synthesized by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine and oxygen. It is widely accepted that NO plays an important role in the relaxation of corpus cavernous smooth muscle and vasculature. In addition, in terms of the penile erection, the NO/cGMP pathway is more potent than the PCE1/cAMP pathway. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of the erectile effects of SHT by focusing on its direct effects on corpus cavernous smooth muscle cells. We investigated the NOS activity, nitrite concentration and cGMP levels in rat corpus cavernous smooth muscle cell lines activated by SHT extracts. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of SHT extracts on penile smooth muscle relaxation following oral administration of SHT extract powder to rats by the dosage of 1 g/kg over fifteen days. As a result, we found that SHT stimulated NO release. NOS activity and cGMP levels were increased by SHT respectively. Furthermore, SHT relaxed the corpus cavernous smooth muscle. These results are consistent with the concept that penile erection by SHT is carried out through the NO/cGMP pathway. In conclusion, the present study shows that SHT increases the NOS activity, synthesizes NO and augments the cGMP, which mediates penile erection. Further determination of the SHT mechanism related with the NO/cGMP pathway strongly indicates that SHT can be used as a remedy for erectile impotence.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.273-288
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• 2007

Objectives : We examined the effect of Jengjengamiyjin-tang, a traditional herbal formula, on the experimental pancreatitis induced by Dibutyltin Dichloride(DBTC). Methods : 15 mice were divided into 3 groups; the normal group and the control group which were administered water only after pancreatitis elicitation and the test group which were administered Jengjengamiyjin-tang for 7 days after pancreatitis elicitation. Results : In the activities of amylase, lipase and alkaline phosphatase in serum, the test group showed significant decrease compared with the control group after 21 days. In the common morphology and histochemical study, various injuries by hemorrhagic erosion were observed in the control group, while they were significantly decreased in the test group. In the immunohistochemical study, the manifestation of COX-1, 2, HSP27, HSP70, MAC387, Ki-67 decreased significantly in the 14th day in the test group, however, they increased in the 21st day more than the control group(p<0.05). Conclusion : According to the above results, it is supposed that Jengjengamiyjin-tang has anti-inflammatory effect on the experimentally induced pancreatitis and may be applicable to pancreatitis especially in the acute stage.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

Bojungbangdocktang (BJBDT), a formula of eight Oriental herbs, is a modified herbal prescription of Bangdoktang and Bojungbangamtang. Recently, BJBDT was demonstrated to inhibit angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, enhance hematopoiesis and protect cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in normal MCF-10A breast cells. Nevertheless, there is no safety study of BJBDT before clinical trial so far. Thus, in the current study, we investigated the toxicity about ethanol-extracted BJBDT. Male and female Spraque Dawley (SD) rats were given orally by BJBDT at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Mortality, clinical signs and measured change of body weight, food consumption and water consumption were observed. In addition, we performed ophthalmologic, urinary, hematological, blood serum biochemical and histopathological examination. Any general toxicity was not found in BJBDT treated group. Also, there were no significant differences in the parameters such as body weight, food consumption and water consumption, a lot of urine and blood factor levels except HCT, MCHC, Ca, TG, Glucose and T-Bilirubin level compared with control group. Although HCT was elevated and TG was decreased in male rats, and MCHC, Glucose and T-Bilirubin were elevated and Ca and HCT were decreased in female rats, these were within normal ranges. Finally, we determined that maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 1000 mg/kg and no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 500 mg/kg. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BJBDT is very safe to SD rats.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2008

형방지황탕은 동양 고유의 약처방으로 사람의 기력 회복에 도움을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 $SiO_2$ 컬럼 크로마토그래피와 HPLC를 이용하여 형방지황탕 유래의 항균 물질 (HTI)을 분리하여 그의 항균 활성을 측정하였다. 인체 감염성 그램-양성균, 그램-음성균 및 환자에게서 분리된 메티실린-내성 황색 포도상구균을 대상으로하여 CLSI방법을 이용하여 HTI 항균 활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과, HTI은 실험한 모든 세균에 대하여 넓은 범위의 항균 활성을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 하여 HTI이 항균제로서의 발전 가능성을 가진 신물질임을 확인하였으며, HTI의 화학 구조 결정을 통하여 구조와 활성간의 연구를 시행할 것이다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2009

형방지황탕은 한의학에서 중요한 약처방으로 인간의 기력 회복에 약효가 탁월한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 형방지황탕으로부터 항생 물질(HTI)을 분리하여 항진균활성 및 그 작용기작을 검토하였다. 그 결과 각종 병원성 진균에 대해 항진균 활성을 나타내었으며, 인간 적혈구에 대해서는 세포독성이 나타나지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 캔디다 알비칸스를 대상으로 스트레스 방어기작과 세포 이형성 유도에 HTI이 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과, 트리 할로즈의 증가와 이형성 유도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 이러한 현상이 항진균활성에 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였으며, 또한 진균의 세포주기에 미치는 영향도 항진균 활성의 요인이 됨을 밝혔다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2012

Previously, we showed that Dangguisoo-san (DGSS), an herbal formula that has been traditionally used for the treatment of blood stagnation, is also applicable for inflammatory lung diseases. Activation of Nrf2, an anti-inflammatory transcription factor, and suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$, a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, were suggested as an underlying mechanism. However, the constituents responsible for these activities remain unidentified. To this end, we prepared the water extracts of the 9 constituents of DGSS and tested for their effect on Nrf2 by using an Nrf2-Luciferase reporter cell line and western blot analysis. Results show that Carthamus tinctorius L.(CT), one of the 9 constituents of DGSS, strongly activated Nrf2. Similarly, when measured the effect of the 9 constituents on NF-${\kappa}B$ by using an NF-${\kappa}B$-Luciferase reporter cell line and western blotting for nuclear p65, indicative of activated NF-${\kappa}B$, most constituents were capable of suppressing NF-${\kappa}B$ in various degrees. However, CT and Cyperus rotundus L. (CR) strongly suppressed NF-${\kappa}B$ activity elicited by LPS. Of note, CT activated Nrf2 and suppressed NF-${\kappa}B$ strongly as well. Our results contributes to corroborating the anti-inflammatory effects of DGSS by identifying CT and CR as two major herbs responsible for activating Nrf2 and suppressing NF-${\kappa}B$. These results suggest that CT and CR represent some of the effects of DGSS in the regulation of inflammation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2016

Objectives: Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH), a traditional Korean herbal medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of the blood stasis syndrome. This study is purposed to analyze the experimental research trend of GBH in Korea for developing further research plan. Methods: A search of Korean research database-Oasis, RISS and KISS- and Pubmed was carried out for publications until 2015, for the words, 'Guizhifulingwan', ‘Gyejibokryeonghwan’, or ‘Keishibukuryogan’. Then study selection is conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, studies not related or using modified formula or administered for human are excluded, 48 studies are included in this review, finally. We analyzed studies by research method, subject, outcome measure, and result of the study. Results: There were 31 in vivo studies about the effect of GBH on platelet aggregation, anti-oxidant, blood viscosity, and hypercholesterolemia, etc. 12 in vitro studies were about the effect of GBH on the cervical carcinoma, chronic kidney disease, uterine myoma, hepatocarcinoma, atherosclerosis, cancer chemo-prevent. 9 ex vivo studies were about the effect of GBH on the platelet aggregation, chronic kidney disease, ovaulatory disorder, and rheumarthritis.Conclusions: We proposed the translational research of GBH involving scientific discoveries and developing practical applications by investigating the concept of blood stasis syndrome in terms of current physiopathological mechanism.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of Korean Medicine treatment mainly withGwakhyanjeonggisangamibangand moxibustion on Verruca Vulgaris. Methods : All the patients were treated with herbal formula, including Gwakhyanjeonggisangamibangand moxibustion on wart lesions. Additional treatments such as acupuncture and cupping therapy applied selectively to patients. Photographs of lesions were used to evaluate the changes in symptoms. Results : Judging by photographs, most of patients' lesions were disappeared after the treatments in all cases. Depending on the severity and duration of the symptoms, the treatment period were different in each case: about 3 weeks, 19 weeks, and 30 weeks, respectively. Conclusions : This study shows thatGwakhyanjeonggisangamibangand moxibustion combined with other Korean Medicine treatments was effective to treat Verruca Vulgaris.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the effects KH-204 on erectile dysfunction in hyperlipidemic rat. KH-204 has been evaluated antihyperlipidemic and antierectile dysfunction effects on experimental hyperlipidemic rats induced by high fat diet. After oral administration of the water extract KH-204 (50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg) to hyperlipidemic rats for 8 weeks, the variables including body weight, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels in serum, the expression of eNOS and nNOS in penis were measured. And erectile function was determined by measurement of intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and maximal arterial pressure (MAP) after electrical stimulation of the cavernosal nerve. Oral administration of KH-204 significantly inhibited the increases of serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels and the decreased of serum HDL-cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic rats induced by high fat diet. The penile expression level of the two enzyme (eNOS, nNOS) were increased significantly after oral administration of the KH-204 50 mg/kg. Erectile function after 10 volts stimulation was significantly decreased in the hyperlipidemic rat compared with the normal rat, but increased in KH-204 group compared with hyperlipidemic group. These results suggest that KH-204 is effective for erectile dysfunction in hyperlipidemia.