• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 1986

This study was aimed at investigating the health seeking behaviors of patients; For the purpose of analyzing the research theme we classified the study into two phase. First, the types of patients' health seeking behavior were categorized into a scheme according to what medical care resources were utilized in patients' coping process. Second, from patients' first visits to third visits to medical resources, we analyzed variations of factors which noted as crucial elements in constituting the patients' sickness career. To grasp the generalized characteristics from complicated empirical data, we limited the scope of our analysis to third stage of health seeking. A total of 121 persons who had beer suffering from chronic diseases more than 3 months was sampled among the residents of Banwol-Eup, the target Area of Korea University Health Project. The findings are as follows ; 1) In the course of visiting medical care resources, 34 different types of health seeking Behavior were found. From this result we inferred the idea that patients in Banwol-Eup had not any stable norms to cope with their pains. Clinics, hospital, pharmacy, Herb-doctors', folkways (self-treatment) were accessed by patients in orders. But more than half of patients who had utilized clinics or hospitals from their first to third visits, changed medical care resources to others, for example herb doctors or folkways, which had fundamentally different treatment models. Upon these two facts, the diversified types and capricious patterns in the health seeking behavior of Banwol patients, we observed a typical Shopping-Around phenomenon. 2) Factors which influenced patients' to their sickness career were changed along the courses of health seeking, from first to third visits as follows ; $\cdot$ Perceived seriousness of diseases were tended to decrease. $\cdot$ Professional medical personnel tended to be influencial in the patients' sickness career, (5.0%, 25.0% and 65.7%). The influence of the primary interaction groups such as parents, friends, neighbours, tended to decrease ; (90.9%, 71.2% and 30.0%). $\cdot$ The subjective reasons why to choose such a medical care resource were related to economic affordability and disease-itself as main motives. Credibility of health resources tended to increase 14.9%, 24.0% and 31.4 sequently. $\cdot$ Geographic accessibility factors did not change significantly. Most of patients had utilized health resources in Banwol and Anyang area. 3) Cultural inclination in the shopping-around phenomenon has shown difference among age groups. The age group' over 50 years' preferred traditional health resources to modern health resources. 4) Consistency of health seeking behavior on the shopping around phenomenon has shown difference according to the degrees of patients' economic affordability and those of psychological satisfaction toward modern health services. However, there were some restrictions in this thesis ; a) the study was limited to the 3rd health seeking career so it did not allow us to collect more informations after that, b) the study was not able to carry out causal analysis on patients health behavior determinated by explanatory model of health resources, and c) the study was not able to take into consideration of factors connected with social structural circumstances. Despite of restrictions described above, we are sure that this thesis would promote health providers' understanding toward patients' inclinations, through which they could provide efficient and accurate medical service.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.669-676
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• 2019

Zanthoxylum piperitum D.C. (ZP) peels has been used as a natural spice and herb medicine for hypertension reduction, for strokes, and for its anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activity. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms employed by ZP have yet to be completely understood. In this study, we elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ZP in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. We evaluated the effects of ZP in LPS-induced levels of inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), and caspase-1 using ELISA. The expression levels of inflammatory-related genes, including cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), were assayed by Western blot analysis. We elucidated the effect of ZP on nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation by means of a luciferase activity assay. The findings of this study demonstrated that ZP inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokine and PGE₂ and inhibited the increased levels of COX-2 and iNOS caused by LPS. Additionally, we showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of ZP arises by suppressing the activation of NF-κB and caspase-1 in LPS- induced RAW264.7 cells. These results provide novel insights into the pharmacological actions of ZP as a potential candidate for development of new drugs to treat inflammatory diseases.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.4-4
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• 2011

고려인삼의 학명은 Panax ginseng으로 그리스 어원을 해석하면 '모든 질병을 치료 할 수 있는 약재'이다. 본 발표에서는 첫째, 고려인삼의 약리효능에 대한 과학적인 연구 결과를 소개해 고려인삼에 대한 이해를 넓히고 둘째, 국제인삼시장의 현황과 중앙정부의 지원 방법을 소개하고자 한다. 고려인삼은 재배기간인 4~6년 소요되고 수삼, 백삼, 홍삼, 태극삼, 흑삼의 형태로 사용된다. 고려인삼은 사포닌, 알칼로이드, 다당체 등을 함유하고 있으며 생리활성의 유효성분은 ginsenoside로 알려져 있다. 고려인삼의 ginsenoside는 약 35종이 알려져 있고 각 ginsenoside에 따라 항아토피, 알츠하이머 예방, 항당뇨, 면역 증강효과를 보이고 있으며 아직도 그 효능에 대하여 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 고려인삼의 국제거래가격은 캐나다산의 4.8배, 중국산의 5.5배이고 토지 임차료는 미국, 중국의 약 5배, 캐나다의 2.6배이며 인건비는 중국의 13배에 달하나 수량성은 10a 당 450~600kg으로 미국 캐나다(800~1,000kg), 중국(950~1,250kg)의 수량성 보다 낮다. 고려인삼의 산업적 발전을 위해 중앙정부는 생산기반, 유통구조, 안전성, 과학화를 포함한 중장기적인 계획을 수립하고, 이에 따라 다양한 지원시책을 준비하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2018

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder affecting the emotional and physical health of women during certain periods of the menstrual cycle. Many researchers who have previously studied PMS have believed that PMS is associated with changes in sex hormones and serotonin levels at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. However, recent studies suggest that progesterone/estrogen imbalance and elevation of prolactin-induced by dopamine low-secretion play a crucial role in increasing PMS symptoms. Because of this, we have focused on mitigating PMS symptoms through the mechanism of prolactin secretion inhibition by dopamine receptor activation. The inhibition of prolactin secretion by 61-kinds of medicinal herb extracts was investigated in GH3 pituitary cells. Among them, Inula heleniun L. root extract (IHE) showed excellent prolactin secretion inhibitory effect. IHEs were prepared using 30, 50, and 70% ethanol. And the yield, cytotoxicity, dopamine receptor activity and inhibition of prolactin secretion of each extract were measured. Through a series of experiments, we found that prolactin secretion was significantly reduced (P<0.01) by the components present in IHE and that dopamine receptor regulation was possible (P<0.05). Considering yield and safety, we suggest the use of 30% ethanol IHE in the development of PMS symptom relief products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

Physicochemical and sensory properties of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (yam) powder-added yogurts (1, 3, 5, and 7%, w/v) were examined when stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 16 d. When the yam concentration increased, the pH increased with 16 d storage. The lactic acid bacteria counts in all yogurt samples showed an increase during storage period, and the highest counts were appeared with 7% yam powder addition. The dramatic decrease was found in viscosity with higher concentrations of yam powder-added yogurt samples. No change was found in allantoin and diosgenin contents for 16 d storage periods. A significantly strong bitterness and astringency and decreased viscosity were found with 5 and 7% yam powder addition. However, less than 3% yam powder-added yogurt samples did not show a significant difference compared with the control (p>0.05) and overall acceptability score was the highest in 3% yam powder-added yogurt throughout the storage. The present study indicated that the concentrations (1 and 3%, w/v) of yam powder could be used to produce yam powder-added yogurt without significant adverse effects on physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties, and enhance functional components from the supplementation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2012

In this study, a medicinal herbal plant, Meliae fructus, was examined and screened for anti-Helicobacter (H.) pylori activity. Seventy percent ethanol was used for herbal extraction. For anti-H. pylori activity screening, inhibitory zone tests as an in vitro assay and in vivo study using a Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) model were performed. Also, the safety of herbal compounds was evaluated by animal study. As a result of inhibitory zone test, Meliae fructus extract demonstrated strong anti-H. pylori activities. Also, as results of in vivo animal studies, Meliae fructus demonstrated strong therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection according to the criteria of histological examination and rapid urease test. As results of the safety study, after 28 days treatment of the Meliae fructus extract, the animals were not detected any grossly and histological changes. These results demonstrate that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H. pylori-induced pathology with Meliae fructus. It could be a promising native herbal treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. pylori.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2018

The genus Crepidiastrum (Asteraceae), containing ca. 20 species, is mainly distributed in Asia. Crepidiastrum denticulatum, an edible plant that commonly call "e-go-deulppae-gi" in Korean, distributes in Korea, Japan, and China. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequences of C. denticulatum was characterized from MiSeq2000 (Illumina Co.) pair-end sequencing data. The cp genome of C. denticulatum has a total sequence length of 152,689 bp and show a typical quadripartite structure. It consists of the large single copy (LSC: 84,022 bp), small single copy (SSC: 18,519 bp), separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs: 25,074 bp) and contains 110 unique genes and 18 genes duplicated in the IR regions. Our comparative analysis identified three cpDNA regions (matK, rbcL, and psbA-trnH) from three Crepidiastrum species, which may be useful for molecular identification of each species, and providing a guideline for its clear confirming about dried medical herb.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2004

As an attempt to develop new functional health beverage by using medicinal herb, green ginger(Zingiber officinale Roscoe), we investigated the effect of Zingiber officinale on blood pressure and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of rats with Zingiber officinale extracts. Zingiber officinale extract increase rCBF significantly. The drink produced consisted of Zingiber officinale extract 1.825%, maltitol syrup 17.0%, citric aicd 0.06%, ascorbic acid 0.02%, stevioside 0.001%, ginger flavor 0.11% and water. Brix, pH and acidity of product were 13.7, 4.4 and 0.09, respectively. This drink had good score by the sensory evaluation. The above results showed that development of such functional beverage using Zingiber officinale can used as a functional material improving blood circulation in beverage industry.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.466-471
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• 2012

'Usul' is a traditional medicinal herb, which has anti-inflammatory activities is distributed in India, Nepal, China, Korea, Japan. Korea pharmacopeia listed 'Usul' as either a species of Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai or A. bidentata Blume. Recent taxonomic studies in China and Japan delimited these taxa as two varieties, A. bidentata Blume var. bidentata and var. japonica Miq. A multivariate morphometric study of Achyranthes bidentata complex was undertaken to assess the entities of taxa that usefully could be recognized. Five quantitative characters were reviewed and analyzed with 293 specimens from Korea. The univariate analysis of inflorescence length, interval between florets, angle between floret and floral axis indicated that ranges among all taxa were continuous. However, quantitative characters of membrane size and the number of hairs within 4 were useful to identify two varieties. In PCA, the first three principal components accounted for 89.4% of the total variance. PCA revealed that var. bidentata showed distinctions in morphological attributes from var. japonica entity. Therefore, continued recognition at the infraspecifc level for these taxa is supported.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.356-360
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• 2015

기존의 하천관리는 이 치수에 중점을 두었다면 최근에는 환경의 중요성을 인식하고 하천복원사업을 통해 주변환경을 개선하여 자연과 공존하는 방향으로 바뀌고 있다. 하천에 분포하는 다양한 종류의 식생은 지형변화, 유속 및 수위 변화 등 직 간접적으로 하천에 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 효과적인 하천관리를 위해서는 하천흐름에 대한 식생의 영향을 이해하고 분석하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 다차원 수리 수질 통합분석이 가능한 EFDC모형을 이용하여 홍수터 식생에 의한 하천의 수리특성 변화를 모의하였다. 금강수계 공주보~백제보 구간에 대한 수치지도 및 수심측량 정보를 바탕으로 작성된 3차원 정밀지형도와 30~50 m 간격의 직교곡선격자망을 이용하여 지형을 구축하고, 홍수터 식생에 의한 흐름저항을 반영하기 위한 현장조사를 통해 작성된 식생분포지도를 토대로 교목류(Tree), 관목류(Shrub), 초본류(Herb), 수체(Water) 4가지로 구분하여 분포밀도, 흉고직경, 교목의 높이를 모형에 적용하였다. 2일 간의 보 운영조건에 따라 상류의 공주보 방류량과 하류의 백제보 수위를 경계조건으로 분석을 실시하고, 동일기간 61개 관측지점 중에서 상 중 하류 4개의 임의지점에 대하여 유속측정결과와 모의결과의 비교를 통해 모형을 검증하였다. 홍수터가 완전히 잠겨 식생의 영향을 크게 받는 고유량 조건에 대하여 식생의 적용 여부에 따른 수리특성 변화를 살펴본 결과 홍수터의 경우 일부구간에서 유속이 감소하였으나 인근 주수로의 유속은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 하천수위의 변화는 미미한 것으로 나타났다.