• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.221-244
• /
• 1996

In order to study the effects of Jamyong-oil(蠶?油) on the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, during 15days rats were administered Jamyong-oil after streptozotocin injection(50mg/kg). On 2nd, 9th and 15th day, I investigated the levels of serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum amylase, and body weight. The last day, I killed rats and investigated hepatic lipid peroxide, tissue amylase. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Serum glucose levels of the sample group decreased effectively (p < 0.05) at the 15th day as compared with the control group. 2. Serum total cholesterol levels of the sample group decreased effectively (p < 0.05) at the 9th and 15th day as compared with the control group. 3. Serum triglyceride levels of the sample group decreased effectively (p < 0.05) at the 15th day as compared with the control group. 4. Activities of the serum amylase of the sample group increased respectively at the 9th (p < 0.05) and 15th (p < 0.01) day as compared with the control group. 5. Body weights of the sample group increased effectively (p < 0.05) at the 15th day as compared with the control group. 6. Hepatic lipid peroxide levels of the sample group decreased significantly (p < 0.01) as compared with the control group. 7. Tissue amylase levels of the sample group increased but not effective as compared with the control group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.1781-1784
• /
• 2001

We have examined the influence of antisense oligo deoxynucleotide (ODN) of IGFBP-2 on tissue IGFBP-2 gene expression in chicks. Antisense IGFBP-2 ODN was directly injected into the liver or cerebroventricle. Control birds were injected with vehicle. The hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression was decreased to approximately 30% of the control at 2 h after injection of antisense ODN. In the brain of chickens injected with antisense ODN, IGFBP-2 mRNA level did not change after 2 h of injection and decreased to approximately 60% of the control after 6 h of injection. These results showed that the expression of IGFBP-2 gene in the liver and brain was successfully suppressed by administrating antisense ODN and that hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression was quickly suppressed by antisense ODN compared with the brain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.229-234
• /
• 1986

The present experiment was intended to determine the effect of pollen load on chloroform-induced hepatic and renal damage in albino rats. The subjects were administered with the graded concentration of chloroform and an additional amount of pollen load to some groups, and the result of which was: 1. Fatty changes and necrosis in liver and kidneys of the experimental group became more severe according to the chloroform concentration. 2. The tissue damage decreased in the pollen-treated groups. But the higher the concentration of chloroform administered with pollen is, the less the damaged tissue is rehabilitated.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.113-129
• /
• 2007

Objectives : This research was performed to investigate the effect of acupuncture using invasive low level laser therapy (LLLT) at Yolgyol (LU7) + Yogu (LR5) on weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, lipid metabolism, atherogenic index, HTR (HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio) and morphological change of hepatic tissue in hyperlipdemia rats. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into high fat diet group (Control group), high fat diet and acupuncture therapy group at LU7 + LR5 (AT group), high fat diet and acupuncture group using 10 mW LLLT at LU7 +LR5 (LA10 group), high fat diet and acupuncture group using 20 mW LLLT at LU7+LR5(LA20 group), high fat diet and acupuncture group using 60 mW LLLT at LU7 + LR5 (LA60 group), once per 3 days during 9 weeks. Results : Body weight was decreased significantly in AT and LA20 groups compared with Control group. Food intake was increased significantly in LA60 group compared with Control group. Food efficiency was decreased significantly in LA10, LA20 and LA60 groups compared with control group. In the lipid metabolism, total cholesterol was decreased significantly in AT, LA10, LA20 and LA60 groups, triglyceride was decreased significantly in LA10, LA20 and LA60 groups, TG/HDL-cholesterol ratio was decreased significantly in LA 60 group compared with control group. In the morphological change, hepatic tissue were not showed balloning degeneration and irregular arrangement of hepatic cell in LA10 and LA20 groups with control group. Conclusions : Acupuncture using LLLT at LU7+LR5 can manage hyperlipemia by controlling body weight, food intake, food efficiency ratio and lipid metabolism.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.416-418
• /
• 2009

The hepatoprotective effect of Cordyceps militaris culture broth was determined using HaM/ICR strain mice. Compared to control, the intra-peritoneal injection of benzo($\alpha$)pyrene (B($\alpha$)P) remarkably increased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum and the level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in liver tissue, which mean the liver was damaged by B($\alpha$)P. However, compared to B($\alpha$)P, oral administration of C. militaris culture broth showed decrement of AST, ALT, and LPO activities and increment GST activity and GSH level in liver tissue. These suggest that C. militaris culture broth recovered hepatic damage induced by B($\alpha$)P.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 2014

Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, has been known to reverse hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. Although many studies have evaluated molecular targets of Ex-4, its mechanism of action on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis has not fully been determined. In the liver, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is mainly expressed in hepatocytes, endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In the present study, the effects of Ex-4 on GLUT4 expression were determined in the liver of ob/ob mice. Ob/ob mice were treated with Ex-4 for 10 weeks. Serum metabolic parameters, hepatic triglyceride levels, and liver tissues were evaluated for hepatic steatosis. The weights of the whole body and liver in ob/ob mice were reduced by long-term Ex-4 treatment. Serum metabolic parameters, hepatic steatosis, and hepatic fibrosis in ob/ob mice were reduced by Ex-4. Particularly, Ex-4 improved hepatic steatosis by enhancing GLUT4 via GLP-1R activation in ob/ob mice. Ex-4 treatment also inhibited hepatic fibrosis by decreasing expression of connective tissue growth factor in HSCs of ob/ob mice. Our data suggest that GLP-1 agonists exert a protective effect on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2015

Curcumin, a major polyphenolic compound of turmeric, is well known to prevent non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) related to obesity. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in obese mice. $CCl_4$ was administrated in mice fed a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 7 weeks together with or without curcumin. It was conducted to examine for metabolic profiles, adipocyte size, and liver fibrosis by serum biochemistry, histology and immunohistochemistry. Also, Apoptosis of hepatic cells was determined by the TUNEL method. Treatment with curcumin significantly lowered the body weight, fasting glucose, serum AST and ALT, and decreased the adipocyte size, the number of macrophage and mast cells in adipose tissue, and collagen deposition in liver tissue in the HFD+$CCl_4$ group compared with the findings of the HFD+$CCl_4$ group. In contrast, treatment with curcumin on the ND+$CCl_4$ group did not show a significant difference except the body weight and mast cell number when compared with the ND+$CCl_4$ group. Furthermore, curcumin significantly reduced the number of parenchymal apoptotic cells, whereas it increased the number of non-parenchymal apoptotic cells, especially resembling an activated hepatic stellate cell in the liver. Taken together, this data suggests that curcumin might be an effective antifibrotic drug for the prevention of liver disease progression in obese mice. Thus, the development of curcumin as a therapy for obesity and liver fibrosis is supported.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.314-330
• /
• 2010

Objective : This study was performed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect and changes of inflammation-related genes by YBR I and YBR II (YBR I: Arteisiae Capillaris Herba, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Hoelen/ YBR II: YBR I +Sanguisorbae Radix, Biotae Cacumen, Cirsii Japonici Herba) on HSC(hepatic stellate cells)-T6 and TAA-induced rat liver tissue. Materials and Methods : HSC-T6 were treated with various concentrations of distilled-water extract YBR I and YBR II extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, procollagen levels and IL-6 levels were measured by using MTT Assay, BrdU Assay, Procollagen Type 1 C-peptide EIA kit, and Murine IL-6 ELISA Development kit. Rat liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal TAA injection of 150mg/kg 3 times a week for 6 weeks. After the treatment, body weight, liver & spleen weights, liver function test, complete blood cell count and change of portal pressure were studied. In addition, gene expressions of ASMA, IL-6, MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, all of which are known to be associated with liver fibrosis, were analyzed by using Real-Time PCR. After YBR I and YBR IItreatment, percentages of collagen in TAA-induced rat liver tissue were measured. Results : The viability and proliferation of the HSC-T6 decreased as the concentration increased. The production of procollagen decreased as the concentration increased. The production of IL-6 was little influenced by YBR I and YBR II. There was no difference in rat body weight between the TAA-only group and the YBR groups. Compared with rat liver weight of TAA-only group, that of the YBR groups increased. In the YBR I group, the serum level of AST elevated by TAA injection significantly decreased and in the YBR I and II group, the serum level of ALP and ALT elevated by TAA injection decreased. In the YBR I group, white blood cell count elevated by TAA injection decreased but platelets increased. In the YBR I group, the portal pressure elevated by TAA injection significantly decreased. Decreases in the gene expression of ASMA and MMP-2 were observed in the YBR I group. The gene expression of IL-6 was little influenced by YBR I and YBR II -treated groups. In the histological finding, TAA injections caused severe fibrosis, but YBR I and YBR II treatment significantly reduced the amounts of hepatic collagens. Conclusions : These results suggest that YBR I and II have inhibitory effects on the hepatic fibrogenesis.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.559-592
• /
• 1999

It has been known that Ki(氣) energy is very effective on many adult diseases. Oriental Medicine has acknowledged Ki as an existing reality and investigated its effects on the body. However, the existence of Ki has not been fully explained. In order to find a conclusive evidence on the existence of Ki, this experiment was done to study the mutual relationship of Ki with a magnetic field and BEP (biological energy projector). The BEP apparatus was irradiated under the magnetic field on rats in the hyperlipidemic induced state. Following criterias were measured in this experiment: weight change, weight of the visceral organs, serum, hepatic lipid peroxide, bleeding time, tissue factor, and etc. The following results were obtained in this study: 1. The weight of rat significantly decreased in the magnetic field treated group and radically reduced in the group treated with both magnetic field and BEP. 2. The weight of liver, heart, and kidney increased in both the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP group compared to the normal group, but decreased in comparison to the control group. No changes were witnessed in the weight of spleen. 3. Serum and hepatic total cholesterol, total lipid, and lipid peroxide level significantly decreased in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group, while lipase activity has increased noticeably. 4. Serum HDL showed a significant increase in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group compared to the control group, while LDL and VLDL level decreased significantly. 5. A bleeding time significantly increased in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group compared to the control group. A tissue factor value of the lung decreased in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated groups while increased in the control group. 6. Serum and hepatic lipid peroxide and glutathione level were significantly decreased in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group, while hepatic glutathione level was significantly increased compared to the control group. 7. A significant increase was found in the serum hydroxyl radical and SOD activity in the dietary hyperlipidemic rats, and significant decrease was found in the serum lipid peroxide content and superoxidase activity. 8. Hepatic cytosolic enzyme xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase showed a significant decrease in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group. Through the above experimental results, one can suggest that the magnetic field with BEP can suppress hyperlipidemia and boost lipid metabolism and restructuring a lipid in liver, which increases the function of liver. To conclude, BEP is considered to show more potent effects under the exposure of magnetic field because magnetic field seems to increase the flow of Ki in the body.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.22 no.7
• /
• pp.1077-1086
• /
• 2021

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic performance of quantitative ultrasound (US) parameters for the assessment of hepatic steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: In this single-center prospective study, 120 patients with clinically suspected NAFLD were enrolled between March 2019 and January 2020. The participants underwent US examination for radiofrequency (RF) data acquisition and chemical shift-encoded liver MRI for PDFF measurement. Using the RF data analysis, the attenuation coefficient (AC) based on tissue attenuation imaging (TAI) (AC-TAI) and scatter-distribution coefficient (SC) based on tissue scatter-distribution imaging (TSI) (SC-TSI) were measured. The correlations between the quantitative US parameters (AC and SC) and MRI-PDFF were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients. The diagnostic performance of AC-TAI and SC-TSI for detecting hepatic fat contents of ≥ 5% (MRI-PDFF ≥ 5%) and ≥ 10% (MRI-PDFF ≥ 10%) were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The significant clinical or imaging factors associated with AC and SC were analyzed using linear regression analysis. Results: The participants were classified based on MRI-PDFF: < 5% (n = 38), 5-10% (n = 23), and ≥ 10% (n = 59). AC-TAI and SC-TSI were significantly correlated with MRI-PDFF (r = 0.659 and 0.727, p < 0.001 for both). For detecting hepatic fat contents of ≥ 5% and ≥ 10%, the areas under the ROC curves of AC-TAI were 0.861 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.786-0.918) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.757-0.897), and those of SC-TSI were 0.964 (95% CI: 0.913-0.989) and 0.935 (95% CI: 0.875-0.972), respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that MRI-PDFF was an independent determinant of AC-TAI and SC-TSI. Conclusion: AC-TAI and SC-TSI derived from quantitative US RF data analysis yielded a good correlation with MRI-PDFF and provided good performance for detecting hepatic steatosis and assessing its severity in NAFLD.