• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-36
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• 2010

Fee for long-term care insurance in Korea are determined in proportion to resources utilized according to severity rather than based on categorization of beneficiaries in consideration of the characteristics of resource utilization. This adoption is based on the assumption that as beneficiaries of long-term care insurance, characteristically, demands social services rather than needs medical treatments, the characteristics of beneficiaries and the quality of utilized resources are comparatively homogenous. Therefore, the proposition is that the size of resource consumed by beneficiaries in the same grade is identical. However, even in the same grade, the level of utilized resources is different depending on the characteristic of beneficiaries. In this regard, this study is to examine whether there are differences in the volumes of utilized resources depending on the characteristics of beneficiaries even in the same grade. We analyzed time study data for 2003, 2005, 2006 which conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. To look at differences in the volumes of utilized resources, we identified characteristics of beneficiaries that influence utilized resource volumes and categorized services provided by facilities into the rehabilitation treatment category, the problematic behavior category, and the physical malfunction category. Then, we examined each service in consideration of service difficulty levels and wage weights. The result of examination showed that differences in utilized resource volumes exist in all three grades depending on the characteristics of beneficiaries. Especially, in the first grade with a high level of seriousness, utilized resource volumes were different for those three service categories and the problematic behaviour category considered dementia was found to consume the largest volume of resources. Moreover, there was the inversion phenomenon of utilized resources volumes between the grades. This result indicates that utilized resource volumes are different even in the same grade depending on the characteristics of beneficiaries and it is required to consider case-mix for reflection of the volumes of utilized resources depending on the characteristics of beneficiaries.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.123-140
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• 2001

Hypotheses In health services research are becoming increasingly more complex and specific. As a result, health services research studies often include multiple independent, intervening, and dependent variables in a single hypothesis. Nevertheless, the statistical models adopted by health services researchers have failed to keep pace with the increasing complexity and specificity of hypotheses and research designs. This article introduces a statistical model well suited for complex and specific hypotheses tests in health services research studies. The covariance structure modeling(CSM) methodology is especially applied to regional relevance indices(RIs) to assess the impact of health resources and healthcare utilization. Data on secondary statistics and health insurance claims were collected by each catchment area. The model for RI was justified by direct and indirect effects of three latent variables measured by seven observed variables, using ten structural equations. The resulting structural model revealed significant direct effects of the structure of health resources but indirect effects of the quantity on RIs, and explained 82% of correlation matrix of measurement variables. Two variables, the number of beds and the portion of specialists among medical doctors, became to have significant effects on RIs by being analyzed using the CSM methodology, while they were insignificant in the regression model. Recommendations for the CSM methodology on health service research data are provided.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2017

Background: Conservation of resources theory assumes loss of resources as a cause of job strain. In hospital work, conflicts with supervisors are tested to predict lower resources, that is, supervisory social support, participation possibilities, and appreciation. All three resources are expected to predict, in turn, experienced stress (job strain) and lower job satisfaction, lower affective commitment, and a higher resigned attitude towards the job (job attitudes). Methods: The sample included 1,073 employees from 14 Swiss hospitals (n = 604 nurses, n = 81 physicians, n = 135 medical therapists, and n = 253 technical and administrative staff). Of the total sample, 83.1% were female and 38.9% worked full-time. The median tenure was between 7 years and 10 years. Constructs were assessed by online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. Results: Structural equation modeling confirmed the negative association of conflict with supervisors and job resources. Tests of indirect paths to resources as a link between conflicts with supervisors and job attitudes were significant. For nurses, social support, participation and appreciation showed a significant indirect path, while among medical technicians the indirect paths included social support and appreciation, and among physicians only appreciation showed a significant indirect path. In medical therapists no indirect path was significant. Job resources did not mediate the link between conflict with supervisors and stress in any occupational group. Conclusion: Conflicts with supervisors are likely to reduce job resources and in turn to lower job attitudes. Work design in hospitals should, therefore, address interpersonal working conditions and conflict management in leadership development.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.529-539
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the parenting stress and health promotion behavior of working women, and to investigate the mediating effect of supporting resources. Supporting resources were set as social support of spouse and community, and institutional support of the organization to which the subject belongs based on previous studies and an ecological system theory. Methods: The participants were composed of 214 female workers residing in 17 cities and provinces nationwide and having at least one child aged 1~12 years old. Data were collected online from February 19 to February 28, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program to understand the level and correlation of the general characteristics and major variables, and to test the mediating effect, after controlling the variables significantly from univariate analysis, step regression analysis was performed. Results: Among the supporting resources, the mediating effect of social support of spouse and community was statistically significant. Conclusion: These findings suggest that it is necessary to seek ways to increase the social support of working women's spouses and people around them in order to increase the health promotion behavior of working women.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.371-372
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• 2005

Active sampler has been widely used to measure nicotine concentration in air. The experiments were conducted to compare the active sampler method with diffusive sampler in exposure chamber and smoking areas, respectively. The result of these tests that indicated that passive sampler can be used instead of active sampler in ETS, because coefficient of determination was 0.9292 between active and passive sampling in smoking area

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.533-536
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• 2020

Strengthening of the health system is a safety imperative, especially in a crisis as caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. While there is a need for enhancing the number and skill sets of the public health professionals, especially the frontline workers, it will be prudent to use the digital health technologies, including artificial intelligence, in enhancing the capacity of the healthcare professional education and delivery. However, it has to be ensured that an ethical and safe approach is adopted to develop and use digital health technology and, ethically appropriate training is imparted, to enhance the capacity of the human resources for health, leading to an overall health system strengthening.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2008

Effect of Water Treatment Sludge(WTS) on trace metals content in Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) was investigated. At this report measuring of nickel(Ni) content of the forage was presented. Four treatments, Control, Compost, Alum+(nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium)(NPK), Compost+NPK, were applied to the sorghum in a mountainous place near the Joongbu University. With the 1, 3, 5 hours conditions, the background value was the least on the 5 hours warming up of the AA-680 spectrophotometer, and on the condition(mean/SD) of absorbances of Ni observed was the most. It is necessary in Ni analysis warming up for longer period around 5 hours for this type of apparatus. And we think that the difference of warming time for Ni analysis in order to carry out better measuring; the reason might be the larger bonding energy of Ni than those of Cu, calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg) and (potassium)(K).

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.65-92
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• 2018

It has been well known that there is a close relationship between health and depression among older adults. Under the purpose to mitigate and prevent the risk of depression caused by poor health, the changes in subjective health status'effects on depression depending on the level of age-friendly public service resources, and age were respectively examined in this study. Moderating effects analysis was conducted using 492 adults aged 55 years and over from '2017 age integration survey' data which had been collected nation-widely. Major findings are as follows. The inadequate subjective health status raises the level of depression. This tendency is weakened when the better age-friendly public service resources are presented. In contrast, age has no statistically significant effects on the relationship between two variables. As a result of reviewing the specific conditions to bring out the interaction effects, frail subjective health status increased depression of all age groups as the level of age-friendly public service resources is low. Particularly, for the participants aged average(age 66.6) and older, the negative effects of subjective health status on depression are likely to be lowered by the improvement in poor age-friendly public service resources. That is, the buffer effects of age-friendly public service resources are proved. Based on theses findings, several suggestions for health promotion and depression prevention of older adults were discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.2211-2214
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• 2010

The whole plant of Euphorbia helioscopia is an important traditional Chinese medicine. Fom its BuOH soluble extract, one new lactam (1), three new terpenoids (2-4) including a new naturally occurring compound, and three known compounds were isolated. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic evidences. In particular, the absolute configurations of side chain of compounds 1 and 2 were determined using computational methods.

• Psychiatry investigation
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1168-1173
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• 2018

Objective After the Sewol ferry disaster, bereavement with suicidal ideation was a critical mental health problem that was accompanied by various neuropsychological symptoms. This study examined the frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), heart rate variability (HRV), and several psychological symptoms in bereaved family members (BFM) after the Sewol ferry disaster. Methods Eighty-three BFM after the Sewol ferry disaster were recruited. We assessed FAA, HRV, and psychological symptoms, including depression, post-traumatic stress, post-traumatic growth factor, anxiety, grief, and positive resources, between BFM with the presence and absence of current suicidal ideation. Results Compared to BFM without suicidal ideation, BFM with suicidal ideation showed a higher FAA with right dominance. Significant differences in psychological symptoms were observed between the groups. In BFM with suicidal ideation, the low: high frequency (LF:HF) ratio correlated with social resources and support. Conclusion The FAA and LF:HF ratio may be biomarkers that represent the pathological conditions of BFM with suicidal ideation. If researched further, they may shed light on the interaction between bereavement with suicidal ideation and social resources for therapeutic intervention.