• Title/Summary/Keyword: health related index

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A Cross-Sectional Study on Fatigue and Self-Reported Physical Symptoms of Vinylhouse Farmers (비닐하우스 농작업자의 피로도와 주관적 신체증상에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Gyung-Soon;Kim, Chung-Nam
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.15-29
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    • 2003
  • Objectives: This study was done to find out fatigue and self-reported physical symptoms of Vinylhouse farmers. The results of this study could be used as a basic data to develop health promotion program for Vinylhouse farmers who are suffering from fatigue and physical symptoms. Methods: The 166 respondents, who were working in Vinylhouse and were living in a remoted area where the primary health post located, were participated in this study. Thirty: 30 items of self-reported fatigue scale was used to evaluate the farmers fatigue level which made by Japanese industrial and hygenic association(1988). Twenty four: 24 items of index used by researcher for self-reported physical symptoms was from Lee In Bae's(1999) modified Index which was originated from Cornell Medical Index(1949). Another questionnaires used in this study were developed by researcher through related documents. Results: The results of this study were as follows; Fatigue scores were high in accordance with women(t=-2.212, p<0.05), worse recognized health state(F=20.610, p<.001), lack of sleeping hours(F=3.937, p<0.05), eat irregularly(t=-3.883, p<0.001), don't take a bath after application of chemical(t=-2.950, p<0.01), working time per a day(F=5.633, p<0.01) & working time per a day in Vinylhouse(F=5.247, p<0.01) were long. Subjective physical symptoms were high in accordance with women(t=-3.176, p<0.01), worse recognized health state(F=35.335, p<0.001), and low education(F=3.467, p<0.05). eat irregularly(t=-3.384, p<0.01), alcohol drinking(t=-2.389, p<0.05). When farmers don't take a bath after application of chemical show high(t=-3.188, p<0.01). As a result, the factors affecting to Vinylhouse worker's health were irregular diet habit, scarce exercise, lack of proper rest, symptoms oriented from Vinylhouse work in contaminated environment with high temperature and humidity. Conclusions: Based on this study, health promotion program is necessary for Vinylhouse workers. Also, the development of continuously practical strategy of healthy life style including exercise and comprehensive health promotion program considered the country's social and cultural background are needed.

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Some Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Status of Postmenopausal Women (폐경 후 여성의 골격상태에 영향을 미치는 요인분석)

  • 오세인;이행신;이미숙;김초일;권인순;박상철
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.121-129
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    • 2002
  • Osteoporosis, the typical metabolic bone disease of the elderly, is characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Genetic and environmental factors are known to play a key role in bone metabolism, and diet is also considered to be one of the important factors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship among the factors affecting BMD, including stature, body weight, age, time period since onset of menopause, and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Seventy-eight postmenopausal women who visited health promotion center for health examinations volunteered to participate in this study and they were divided into two groups according to the time period since onset of menopause : women with a time period since onset of menopause of less than 5 years (Group 1) and women with a time period since onset of menopause of 5 years or more (Group 2). The demographic characteristics and dietary intake were surveyed using a questionnaire. BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of subjects were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH), known to be indicators of bone related hormone status, were anlyzed. Serum samples were measured for calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin as bone formation indicators, and urine was analysed for deoxypyridinoline, creatinine, calcium, and sodium as bone resorption indicators. The results are as follow : The mean BMDs of the lumbar spin and femoral neck were $1.02 \pm 0.02 g/cm^2 and 0.81 \pm 0.02 g/cm^2 respectively, and the BMD level of Group 2 was significantly lower than tat of Group 1 (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). The mean daily intake of energy was 1838 $\pm$ 55 kcal. When nutrient intake was compared with the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of the subjects, only calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin intake showed means lower than the RDA. The nutrient intake did not show any significant differences between Group 1 and 2 Serum and urine levels of biochemical markers of bone turnover did not show any significant differences between Group 1 and 2, and all were within the normal range. However, the PTH and deoxypyridinoline levels showed a tendency to be higher, and the osteocalcin level to be lower in Group 2 than in Group 1. Although age and years after menopause (YAM) showed negative correlations with lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD) (r= -0.38, p<0.001, and r= -0.26, p< 0.05, respectively), no correlation was found with femoral neck bone mineral density (NBMD). While height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) showed a positive correlation with LBMD (r= 0.32, p<0.001, r= 0.38, p<0.001, r= 0.22, p= 0.05, respectively), only body weight and BMI showed a positive correlation with NBMD (r= 0.30, p<0.01, and r= 0.27, p<0.05, respectivley). There was no significant corealtion between BMDs and the nutrient intake of subjects, except in the case of carbohydrates (r= 0.22, p<0.05). Also, serum and urine levels of bone turnover markers showed no significant correlation with nutrient intake. On the other hand, serum osteocalcin had a positive correlation with vitamin C intake (r= 0.22, p= 0.05), and urine deoxypyridinolin showed a negative correlation with niacin intake (r= -0.22, p= 0.05). Urinary na was negatively correlated with protein intake(r= -0.23, p= 0.05). The results suggested that it is difficult to prevent the decrease in bone mass among postmenopausal women eating the usual Korean diet. However, the BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were positively related to body weight ad BMI in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study confirmed that one of the most effective ways to minimize bone loss in postmenopausal women would be to maintain an adequate body weight with balanced nutrient intake and activity in the pre-and postmenopausal periods.

Comparison of the Estimations of Body Fat by Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis(BIA) and Anthropometric Measurements of Elementary School Students in Daejeon (대전 시내 초등학생의 생체 전기 임피던스치와 신체계측치에 의한 체지방율 비교 연구)

  • Wang, Soo-Gyoung;Lee, Na-Young
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.849-854
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    • 2007
  • Body fat proportion is a major issue in health. The prevalence of obesity in childhood has been increasing on thesedays. A series of indirect estimates of body fat have been developed. There are hydrodensitometry, BIA and anthropometry equation for body fat. Hydrodensitometry has been regarded as a common criterion method. BIA made it possible to analyze body fat mass more related to hydrodensitometry than anthropometry. The purpose of this unvestigation were to compare body fat and other body composition between boys & girls and to know which anthropometry equation for body fat was most closely associated with BIA in boys & girls respectively. The subjects were 148 4th grade elementary school students(male:70, female:78). They underwent BIA(InBody 3.0, Biospace Korea)to determine body fat and other body composition. Anthropometric measurements were taken of height, weight, skinfolds and circumferences. The results obtained are summarized as follow: 1) Weight, BMI and Rohrer index were $39.9{\pm}7.2kg$, $20.5{\pm}8.0$, $138.2{\pm}17.0$ for boys and $35.9{\pm}6.7kg$, $18.2{\pm}2.6$, $96.6{\pm}13.6$ for girls. 2) Total body fat and percent body fat determined by BIA were $10.3{\pm}4.3kg$, $25.4{\pm}6.6%$ for the boys group and $9.3{\pm}3.8kg$, $25.1{\pm}6.0%$ for girls. 3) Mean triceps skinfold thickness was $20.5{\pm}6.1mm$ in boys, $17.0{\pm}5.1mm$ in girls and mean WHR was $0.88{\pm}0.4$ in bodys, $0.82{\pm}0.4$ in female and the values were significantly different by sex. 4) Correlational nanlyses showed that estimation of body fat by BIA measurement seemed to be closely associated with Rohere index(boys r=0.854, girls r=0.909). Kim's equation was highly correlated with the body fat in girls(r=0.910) but less correlated in boys(r=0.710). We need to develop specific anthropometric equations based on age and sex to determine body fat for children.

Environmental Contamination by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Eggs in Relation to Slaughterhouses in Urban and Rural Areas in Tunisia

  • Chaabane-Banaoues, Raja;Oudni-M'rad, Myriam;M'rad, Selim;Mezhoud, Habib;Babba, Hamouda
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.54 no.1
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 2016
  • Hydatidosis has become a real concern for health care institutions and animal rearers in Tunisia. The Tunisian endemicity is aggravated by the growing number of dogs and the difficulty of getting rid of contaminated viscera because of the lack of equipment in most slaughterhouses. Therefore, microscopic and molecular tools were applied to evaluate the role of slaughterhouses in canine infection and Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) egg dissemination. Exposure risk to E. granulosus s. l. eggs in urban and rural areas was explored in order to implant preventive and adapted control strategies. Microscopic examinations detected taeniid eggs in 152 amongst 553 fecal samples. The copro-PCR demonstrated that 138 of 152 taeniid samples analyzed were positive for E. granulosus s. l. DNA. PCR-RFLP demonstrated that all isolated samples belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto (s. s.). An important environmental contamination index (25.0%) by E. granulosus s. l. eggs was demonstrated. The average contamination index from the regions around slaughterhouses (23.3%; 95% CI: 17.7-28.9%) was in the same range as detected in areas located far from slaughterhouses (26.0%, 95% CI: 21.3-30.8%). Echinococcosis endemic areas were extended in both rural (29.9%, 95% CI: 24.8-34.9%) and urban locations (18.1%, 95% CI: 13.0-22.9%). The pathogen dissemination is related neither to the presence/absence of slaughterhouses nor to the location in urban or rural areas, but is probably influenced by human activities (home slaughtering) and behavior towards the infected viscera.

Safety and Efficacy of the Mandibular Advancement Device 'Bioguard' for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea : A Prospective, Multi-Center, Single Group, and Non-Inferiority Trial (폐쇄성 수면무호흡증의 치료에 사용되는 하악전방이동장치-'바이오가드'의 안전성과 유효성 검증을 위한 전향적, 다기관, 단일군 및 비열등성 연구)

  • Kim, Hyoung Wook;Hwang, Chungpoong;Eun, Hun Jeong
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.84-92
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the safety and efficacy of a mandibular advancement device (MAD), 'Bioguard,' for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: In this 5-week prospective, multi-center, single group, and non-inferiority trial, patients who chose 'Bioguard' as their treatment option were evaluated using both questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS)) and polysomonography (PSG) (apnea hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen saturation). All patient data, including clinical records, PSG studies (both pre- and post-treatment), and adverse events (AEs), were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Results were obtained for 59 of 62 patients (95.16%). No significant difference in success rate was found between the MAD treatment and surgical treatment (95% CI). AHI, PSQI, ESS and oxygen saturation demonstrated significant improvement (p < 0.001) after MAD treatment, and 39 of 62 patients (62.9%) reported 85 AEs. 79 of the 85 AEs (91.8%) were mild cases, and there were no severe AEs related to the MAD treatment. Conclusion: The MAD 'Bioguard' should be considered as an alternative treatment option for OSA patients.

Effects of Sleep on Balance Control and Reaction Time to Visual Stimuli (수면이 균형조절과 시각적 자극 반응시간에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Sookyoung;Park, Jung-A;Park, Kanghui;Kim, Joo-Heon;Hong, Yonggeun
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.68-76
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: To find evidence that sleep is necessary for normal brain function, thus indicating that declines in both sleep quality and quantity are related to worse performance of many daily tasks and deteriorated physical functions. The present study investigates the relationships of balance control and reaction time with sleep quality. Methods: 58 healthy (male 20, female 38) volunteers with informed consent participated in this study. The Self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality and relevant factors, and the subjects were divided into groups A (PSQI < 5) and B ($PSQI{\geq}5$) based on this index. Static balance control and reaction time to visual stimuli were conducted to assess their relationship with sleep quality. Results: Group B exhibited excessive daytime sleepiness significantly more often compared to group A. Static balance control did not markedly change relative to sleep quality, but reaction time and error to visual stimuli were significantly increased in group B compared to group A. Conclusion: These findings indicate that a decline in sleep quality can result in delayed reactions, as well as decreased accuracy of these reactions. They also suggest that low sleep quality may be associated with changes in physical functions, including balance control through reduced selective attention.

The Relationship between Serum Ferritin Concentrations, Smoking and Lung Function in Korean (한국인에서 혈청 페리틴 농도와 흡연 및 폐기능과의 관계)

  • Kim, Seo-Yun;Lee, Su-Hwan;Lee, In-Seon;Kim, Sae-Byol;Moon, Chan-Soo;Jung, Sung-Mo;Kim, Se-Kyu;Kim, Young-Sam
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.72 no.2
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    • pp.163-168
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    • 2012
  • Background: Cigarette smoke induced release of iron could alter iron metabolism in the lungs of chronic smokers and contribute to the increase in the total oxidative burden on the lungs of smokers. In previous studies, ferritin levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in smokers were elevated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum ferritin concentration, smoking and lung function in Korean people. Methods: This study was based on the data acquired in the second year (2008) of the Forth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey that was conducted from 2007 to 2009. The analysis included 2,244 subjects who were older than 20 years and had complete data from both lung function test and serum ferritin concentration. Among participants, 1,076 were male and 1,168 were female. Results: Mean serum ferritin concentrations in males were $120.3{\pm}80.1{\mu}g/L$ and $47.9{\pm}39.8{\mu}g/L$ in females. There were no differences in serum ferritin concentrations between non-smokers and smokers after adjusting for age, body mass index, and amounts of alcohol. Serum ferritin concentrations were associated with smoking amounts by simple linear regression but not associated with smoking amounts after adjustment with age, body mass index, and amounts of alcohol in both males and females. Lung function was not associated with serum ferritin concentrations. Conclusion: Our data suggested that serum ferritin concentrations are not related with smoking and lung function.

Association between Axial Length and Anthropometric Value in Korean Children (한국 어린이의 안축장과 신체 계측치와의 관련성)

  • Kim, Hyojin;Lyu, Jungmook
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.397-402
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: To investigate the relationship between axial length (AL) and anthropometric parameters in Korean children. Methods: This study included 40 urban school children aged 11-12 years (mean age, $11.95{\pm}0.22$ years; 45.0% girls) residing in Seoul, South Korea. AL (using partial coherence laser interferometry), corneal radius, refractive error, height (m), and weight (kg) were measured. Body mass index (BMI $[kg/m^2]=weight/[height]^2$) and degree of obesity (DO[%]=[actual weight standard weight]/standard weight) were calculated. Furthermore, the number of hours spent reading, watching television, and using a computer every day was determined using a detailed questionnaire. Results: The students had a mean spherical equivalent refraction of $1.06{\pm}0.84$ D. Weight (r=0.427, p=0.006), BMI (r=0.508, p=0.001), and DO (r=0.371, p=0.018) showed a significant positive correlation with AL. Furthermore, longer AL was significantly associated with heavier weight (p=0.041), and higher BMI (p=0.015), and higher DO quartiles (p=0.042). After adjust for age, sex, and near-work activities, multivariate linear regression models showed that weight, BMI, and DO were still significantly associated with AL. Among the near-work activities, daily reading time was significantly associated with AL. Conclusions: AL was positively related to weight as well as daily reading time in Korean urban school children.

Oral malodor-reducing effects by oral feeding of Weissella cibaria CMU in Beagle dogs (Weissella cibaria CMU 경구투여가 비글의 구취 저하에 미치는 효과)

  • Do, Kyung-Hyo;Park, Ho-Eun;Kang, Mi-Sun;Kim, Jong-Tae;Yeu, Ji-Eun;Lee, Wan-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.58 no.2
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2018
  • This study assessed the effects of Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU on oral health in male and female beagles (n = 18) by measuring oral malodor and periodontal disease-related parameters (calculus, plaque, and gingivitis indices). Oral malodor and indicators of periodontal disease were assessed in five treatment groups: negative control (scaling and 0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), positive control (0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), and W. cibaria CMU groups (each n = 4) at low (CMU-L, $2{\times}10^7$ colony forming unit [CFU]), medium (CMU-M, $2{\times}10^8CFU$), and high (CMU-H, $2{\times}10^9CFU$) concentrations. After feeding with W. cibaria CMU for 6 weeks, total volatile sulfur compound concentrations in the CMU-L ($2.0{\pm}1.04ng/10mL$), CMU-M ($2.4{\pm}1.05ng/10mL$), and CMU-H ($2.6{\pm}1.33ng/10mL$) groups were significantly lower than in the positive control group ($3.2{\pm}1.65ng/10mL$). Also, CMU-L ($1.4{\pm}0.83ng/10mL$) and CMU-H ($1.9{\pm}1.14ng/10mL$) groups had methyl mercaptan levels lower than that in the positive control group ($2.4{\pm}1.21ng/10mL$) at week 2. The plaque index was significantly lower in the CMU-H group ($4.5{\pm}0.28$) than in the positive control group ($5.9{\pm}1.08$) at week 6. W. cibaria CMU could be useful as a novel oral hygiene probiotics for reducing volatile sulfur compounds production and inhibiting plaque growth in companion animals.

A Content Analysis of the test of the National Examination for Registration Nurses in Korea over 3 years (간호사 국가고시문제의 내용분석)

  • 서문자;윤순녕;유지수;송지호;최경숙
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.73-93
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    • 1996
  • This study aimed to analyse the test contents of the national examination for the registered nurses (NERN) over 3 years from 1991 to 1993 in Korea. In recent years in Korea, the MCQ(multiple choice question) has been showing to be a highly recognized method for assessing the qualification of registered nurses. Unfortunately, nursing faculties have found NERN had some bad MCQs through having evaluation workshop for Some MCQs often provide so many unwriting clues which become a bias of the results, and some items fell into the category of the lower level of educational taxonomy such as isolated recall a fact or data. Frequently the stems of the questions are ambigous, unclear, disputable, esoterical or trivial. Considering those fallacies of the national examination, it is very critical to review the test items to see whether it is of high quality, is more fair, reliable and objective in depth. Therefore, this study was done to provide data for the improvement of the test contents as well as the teachers's assessment skill. For this study, the ad hoc committee was composed of 16 members, including 5 education board members of Korean Academic Nurses Association and 11 nursing faculty members. This committee had one day panel discussion and filled the checklist for this study. The process of analysing data was held over 10 times during 1992-1994. The analysis focussed on educational taxonomy such as cognitive domain(knowledge), psychmotor domain (skill), affective domain(attitude) and the level of learning such as recall, understanding, problems solving, and learning area of theory and practice, and the learning content categorised by nursing process and disease process. The test analysed using difficulty index and the structure of the test items was analysed. The conclusions and suggestion as follows : 1. In learning area, the average ratio of the theory and practice was 1 : 1.1 which was less than 1 : 2 suggested by Korean National Health Institute, and the ratio was different by the 8 leaning subjects of nursing. 2. In category of the educational taxonomy, the knowledge domain was emphasized mostly(79. 7%), the skill domain was 14.9%, and the attitude domain was 5.4% only. 3. In the level of learning, generally, the test items of the level of recall(45.5%) and the understanding(46.3%) were covered almost and the problem solving was 8.1%. 4. In the learning contents, generally, the test items related to nursing process was 67.2% and that of disease process was 32.8%. However, this proportion was different by the 8 leaning subjects. Even though the nursing diagnosis has been emphasized in nursing curricula recently, the test items of this was identified very few. 5. In the structure of the test item, some were not clear, incorrect grammar, unclear description and some have clues to answer. 6. In the item analysis, the non-acceptable level of the difficulty index (means too easy) was 65.7%, and the acceptable level was 33.9%. Considering the results we would like to suggest the followings, 1. Since the test items of knowledge domain was dominant, the test items of the practice domain and attitude domain should be emphasized more. 2. The regular review and analysis of NERN should be arranged in order to improve the quality of the test items which will give influence to the nursing education positively.

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