• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.131-135
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• 2014

Over-consumption of alcohol leads to many side-effects such as malnutrition, liver disease, and neuronal disorders and many investigators have tried to identify methods for preventing the side-effects of drinking. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the beverage contained green tea catechins (GTC) on the alcohol administered rats. We observed that blood alcohol concentration level decreased significantly in plasma. GTC (200 mg/kg) also reduced the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level of the intoxicated rats. These results suggest that GTC may be useful for the prevention and therapy of hepatotoxic pathogenesis.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.259-265
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• 2009

To develop an effective anti-hangover product, hot-water extracts of 25 medicinal herbs were screened for inhibition or activation of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH), and 12 herbs were selected for further study. Chosen medicinal herb extracts(CMHEs) were fermented by Lactobacillus delbruechii subspecies lactis for 10 days at $35^{\circ}C$ after saccharification with nuruk(malt inoculated by 5 types of microbs) for 72 hours at $35^{\circ}C$ and both CMHEs and fermented CMHEs(FCMHEs) were explored for anti-hangover effects in vitro. We found significant ADH inhibition by hot-water extracts of Pueraria thunbergiana, Hovenia dulcis Thunb, Lycium chinense, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Liriope platyphylla, and Ixeris dentata, and significant ALDH activation by extracts of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Lycium chinense, Ixeris dentata, and Polypori umbellati of the Polyporaceae. The ADH effects on CMHE and FCMHE were -20.22% and -62.63% of control values, and the ALDH effects 173.20% and 280.17%, respectively. In rats given 20%(v/v) alcohol(15 mL/kg), FCMHEs significantly decreased blood acetaldehyde concentrations on 3 hours after ethanol administration, in a dose-dependent manner(p<0.05). Notably, blood acetaldehyde concentrations were markedly reduced in animals given FCMHEs(400 mg/kg) compared to levels seen in rats receiving CADB(commercial alcohol detoxification beverage). Thus, anti-hangover effects were promoted by fermentation of certain medicinal herb extracts.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.269-273
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• 2017

We investigated whether purified bee venom increases the enzymatic activity of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). ADH and ALDH assay were tested by in vitro kits. The purified bee venom was assayed by ultra performance liquid chromatography, The contents of melittin, apamin and phospholipase A2, as main component of purified bee venom, were 63.9%, 2.3%, and 10.9%, respectively. The ADH and ALDH acitivity of purified bee venom(at 1mg/ml) were $88.6{\pm}7.34%$ and $94.6{\pm}0.57%$, respectively compared with positive control at 2mg/ml. These results showed that purified bee venom induces the activity of ADH and ALDH which reduce the aldehyde concentration in the blood, suggesting the possibility of purified bee venom as resource of medicine or functional beverage for hangover relieving.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1081-1086
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the medicinal effects of the herbal combination extracts-2 (HCE-2), consisting of Artemisia capillaris Thunb., Lonicera japonica Thunb., Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. on the alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group (n =6), non-treated control group (n =6), saline-treated group (n =6) and the herbal combination extract (HCE-2)-treated group (n =6). The rats in the alcohol-loaded groups were orally administered with ethanol at a daily dose of 4 g/kg-body weight for 5 weeks. Thirty minutes before the ethanol injection, saline or herbal combination extracts was administered by using a gastrogavage. Blood and liver tissue samples were taken out from the hearts and livers of the rats, respectively, on 15th and 38th days. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also investigated the protective effect of the herbal combination extracts by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining on histological sections of rat liver. In this study, the oral administration of the herbal combination extracts significantly reduced the serum levels of AST and ALT, which had been raised by alcohol-induced liver injury. Histological analysis and apparent observation of liver also showed the preventive effect of the herbal combination extracts in a chronic alcohol-induced rat model. Theses results revealed that the herbal combination extracts effectively prevented hepatic damage consequent to the chronic exposure to repetitive administration of ethanol and could be used as a primary resource of a health beverage or herbal medicine, alleviating the alcohol-induced hepatic injury and hangover symptoms.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

This study was conducted to examine the volatile flavor compounds of Hahyangju, a traditional Korean liquor, and to evaluate the effect of the beverage on alcohol metabolism in rats. By GC/MS analysis, 17 volatile flavor compounds including iso-butyl alcohol and iso-amyl alcohol were detected in Hahyangju. The concentrations of acetaldehyde and ethylacetate in Hahyangju were decreased by filtration. Alcohol (0.035 mg/dL) and acetaldehyde (0.29 mg/dL) levels in the blood of rats given Hahyangju (HT animals) were lower than in rats given 17% (v/v) alcohol (AT rats). Also, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in HT rats were $24.63{\pm}1.8{\mu}$moles/mg protein and $9.8{\pm}1.3{\mu}$moles/mg protein, respectively, and were higher than in AT animals. The increases in ADH and ALDH activity in HT animals resulted in decreases in alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in blood, compared to the levels seen in rats given 17% (v/v) alcohol. These results suggest that Hahyangju may increase alcohol metabolizing activity, and consumption of Hahyangju may result in less of a hangover than follows ingestion of beverages (such as wine) containing about 17% (v/v) alcohol.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.1099-1106
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• 2011

Cucumber fermentation has been used as a means of preservation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of fermented cucumber beverage (CF) containing beneficial materials for an ethanol hangover based on Hovenia dulcis (SKM) on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: ethanol control, ethanol plus SKM, and ethanol plus CF+SKM. SKM or CF+SKM was orally administered at a dose of 7 mL/kg body weight once per day for 5 weeks. Control rats were given an equal amount of water. CF+SKM significantly lowered plasma ethanol levels, whereas SKM tended to decrease the levels compared to the control. Both SKM and CF+SKM significantly lowered the plasma acetaldehyde levels and serum transaminase activities compared to those in the control. SKM and CF+SKM did not affect hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity; however, it significantly inhibited cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) activity. Hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was significantly higher in the SKM and CF+SKM groups than that in the control group. Plasma acetaldehyde concentration was significantly correlated with hepatic CYP2E1 (r=0.566, p<0.01) activity and ALDH (r=-0.564, p<0.01) activity. Hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as glutathione content increased with the SKM and CF+SKM administration, whereas lipid peroxide content decreased significantly. Furthermore, SKM and CF+SKM lowered plasma and hepatic lipid content and lipid droplets compared to those in the control group. These results indicate that SKM and CF+SKM exhibit hepatoprotective properties partly by inhibiting CYP2E1 activity, enhancing ALDH activity and stimulating the antioxidant defense systems in ethanol-treated rats.