• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.554-565
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to measure estheticians' grip and pinch strength in the hand parts and identify related factors according to general characteristics. Methods: A Jamar dynamometer was used to measure grip strength and a Jamar pinch gauge was used to measure tip, palmar and lateral pinch strength. General data were collected through a questionnaire survey among 116 estheticians from 31 skin care centers and spas. Results: The subjects' mean grip strength was 23.95 kgf for the right hand and 23.42 kgf for the left hand with the dominant right hand recording slightly higher mean grip strength. Their mean pinch strength was the highest with lateral pinch(right 4.89 kgf, left 4.69 kgf), which was followed by palmar pinch(right 3.77 kgf, left 3.88 kgf) and tip pinch(right 2.29 kgf, left 2.25 kgf), in that order. Conclusions: The grip and pinch strength of the hand parts was high when estheticians' commonly used both hands for massage instead of just one. The use of both hands is recommended to protect the hand parts during massage.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2005

Recently researches about multi-modal system has been studied widely and actively, Such multi-modal systems are enable to increase possibility of HCI(Human-computer Interaction) realization, enable to provide information in various ways and also enable to be applicable in e-business application, If ideal multi-modal system can be realized in future, eventually user can maximize interactive usability between information instrument and men in hands-free and eyes-free, In this paper, a new multi-modal browsing system using Java RMI as communication interface, which integrated by HTML browser and voice browser is suggested and also English-English dictionary search application system is implemented as example.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.251-257
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• 2005

Objectives : This is a clinical report about palmar hyperhidrosis patients. Palmar hyperhidrosis, excessive sweating of the hands, can be caused by emotional tension or anxiety rather than exercise or high temperature. Methods : The patient was treated by only needle acupuncture treatment or needle acupuncture and Oriental medicine treatment together. Results : As using these treatments, all patients decreased in sweating of hands notably. And further, all patients had no side effects. Conclusion : The results suggest that Oriental medicine treatment have an useful effect on palmar hyperhidrosis patient's treatment and recovery.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.85-98
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• 2001

This study was performed to describe the overall sanitation of baking utensils and equipments, employees, and environment in 9 bakeries. Microbiological tests on employees, utensils and equipments, were done according to standard procedure and included total plate count, coliforms, fungi and Staphylococcus aureus.. Microbiological testing is a value in determining hazards for developing a HACCP plan but were not detected throat and employee's hands before use. Staphylococcus aureus was detected nasal cavity and employees's hands after use. Employee's apron after use was detected fungi and coliform and was risk factor of cross-contamination to bread or cookies et al. Generally hygienic conditions of pan, kitchen board, knife, brush, and wooden scoop were worse than those of other baking utensils such as tray, bread tweezers, dusting brush and dish cloth. And refrigerator, freezer and fermentation chamber were detected fungi and coliforms. Total plate count of heating table, working table, distribution table, washbowl and refrigerator was increased in 2nd period. Temperature of refrigerator was 10.43$^{\circ}C$ and strict temperature control of refrigerations needs. Therefore, baking utensils and equipments were reguraly need to sterilize and clean. Additionary, it need to practice the effective sanitation education and training program for the bakery managers and employees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1151-1157
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the iron nutritional status and anemia of university female students. Seventy female subjects in Ulsan city were evaluated with questionnaire, measurement of hematological indices. The mean height and weight of 70 subjects were 160.76±0.48cm, 52.80±0.72kg and BMI(body mass index: kg/m2), %IBW(ideal body weight) were 21.0±0.29, 100.2±12.41. The mean values of hemoglobin(Hgb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(S Fe), serum ferritin(SF), TIBC(total iron binding capacity), transferrin saturation(TS(%)) and RBC were 12.7±11.10g/dl, 39.0± 2.61%, 96.9±41.98 g/dl, 28.9±24.78 g/dl, 369.6±54.36 g/dl, 27.1±12.40% and 4.4± 0.27(106/mm3), respectively. Iron deficiency anemia among the subjects was estimated as 15.7% by using Hgb(<12g/dl), 11.4% by Hct(<36%), 22.9% by S Fe(<60 g/dl), 34.3% by SF(<15 g/dl), 48.6% by TIBC(>360 g/dl) and 20.0% by TS(%)(<15%). 15 subjective symptoms were measured and the high prevalence symptoms were 'cold hands and feet' and 'tired out easily'. The correlation between hemotological indices and subjective symptoms was evaluated. The hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with 'cold hands and feet', 'short breath when climbing', 'fragile nail', 'inflammed inner mouth', 'pale face' and 'scaly tetter'.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.256-263
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of hand moxibustion for reduction of pain during menstruation. Method: Fifteen women were selected as subjects and data collection was conducted from September to December 2003. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Digital Infrared Thermotraphic Image (DITI) were used to measure the degree of pain and body heat. Result: The results showed that there was a significant reduction of pain during menstruation when hand moxibustion was performed. Also, there were significant differences in the change of body heat. These were left hands (Z=-2.805, p=.005), right hands (Z=-2.805, p=.005) and lower abdomen (Z=-2.803, p=.005). Conclusion: It was found that hand moxibustion decreased pain during menstruation and increased body heat. Therefore, hand moxibustion may be a good method for intervention to decrease pain during menstruation.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.309-318
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• 2001

In this paper, we describe methods that analyze a human gesture. A human interface(HI) system for analyzing gesture extracts the head and hand regions after taking image sequence of and operators continuous behavior using CCD cameras. As gestures are accomplished with operators head and hands motion, we extract the head and hand regions to analyze gestures and calculate geometrical information of extracted skin regions. The analysis of head motion is possible by obtaining the face direction. We assume that head is ellipsoid with 3D coordinates to locate the face features likes eyes, nose and mouth on its surface. If was know the center of feature points, the angle of the center in the ellipsoid is the direction of the face. The hand region obtained from preprocessing is able to include hands as well as arms. For extracting only the hand region from preprocessing, we should find the wrist line to divide the hand and arm regions. After distinguishing the hand region by the wrist line, we model the hand region as an ellipse for the analysis of hand data. Also, the finger part is represented as a long and narrow shape. We extract hand information such as size, position, and shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.3_4
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• pp.509-520
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to provide the basic 2-dimensional statistics requisite in the siting system and design of gloves. The 64 static measurements were selected to provide information about hands. Participants in the study were 824 adults, aged between 18 and 64. Subjects were divided into four age groups: 18 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, and 50 to 64, and separated according to sex. Statistical tests such as Descriptive Analysis, and Anova were conducted to analyze the data and ascertain the differences among the ages. The disparities between sex groups were compared by T-test. In addition, correlation among the 57 measurements was analyzed and the results were compared to the data from Japanese and other studies. The results indicated that all the measurements were significantly larger in the male group. There were significant differences among age groups for most hand circumferences, breadths and thickness items. As the age increased, the hand circumferences, breadths and thickness items became wider and thicker. In addition, as the age increased, the mean measurement value of the length items decreased, so that it became shorter. Hand length was highly correlated with finger length, palm length and height. Maximum hand circumference II was highly correlated with hand circumferences, hand breadth and weight.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2004

We measured biophoton emissions from seven acupuncture points of eight healthy subjects. The measured points are the Yintang, the $Danch{\bar{u}}$, the Shinketsu, the left and right $R{\bar{o}}ky{\bar{u}}$ and the left and right Yaotongwue of hands. The photo multiplier tube (H-610805s, Hamamatsu, Japan) has spectral range between 300nm and 650nm. Significantly low emission rate was observed at the Shinketsu where the rate was $3.7\;{\pm}\;1.8\;cps$. On the average the highest emission was from the Yaotongxue points where the rate was $11.3\;{\pm}\;5.4$. The high correlation between the left and right hands, and the low correlation between different points are consistent with previous reports.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2016

Objectives and Methods : The aim of this study was to investigate twirling and supplementation and draining by analyzing ancient acupuncture literature and modern research papers, and to discuss the quantitative standards for the procedure. Results : Twirling supplementation and draining techniques were first described in Huang do neijing, after which they were recorded in various other ancient acupuncture texts. Not only were these techniques used in the active treatment of patient historically, but they also form the foundations of modern-day acupuncture treatment. Twirling supplementation and draining techniques described in ancient literatures can be divided into Yin and Yang. Examples of Yang characteristics include Up, Male, Morning, Hands, the governor vessel, Outside, and Left. The left rotation technique is a reinforcing method performed by moving the thumb forward while rotating the needle. Examples of Yin characteristics include Down, Female, Afternoon, Foot, the conception vessel(CV), Inside, and Right. The right rotation technique is a reducing method performed by moving the thumb backward while rotating the needle. Twirling supplementation and draining has been divided for four ways by classical literature and research that worked before. the direction of acupuncture, the stimulus-quantity of acupuncture, the performance of doctor(the uses of both hands, left and right hand) and the feeling of patient. Conclusions : Therefore, continuous research is required to implement Twirling supplementation and draining in a consistent manner. In addition, more active clinical trials using the techniques are necessary as well.