• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.725-727
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• 2015

The Malaysian Space Agency (ANGKASA), with cooperation of the Ministry of Education of Malaysia, has organized the Astronomy Workshop for Primary and Secondary School Teachers since 2008 at the National Planetarium. The workshop was organized to provide science teachers with basic knowledge of astronomy in accordance with the school syllabus, with the hope that they can acquire sufficient knowledge in the field of astronomy to enhance their teaching activities in school. In this workshop, teachers will be introduced to night sky simulations in our space theater, a planetarium show, daytime and night time observation activities, hands on activities, and visits to the planetarium's observatory and exhibition gallery. Besides this, in the workshop they will share teaching experience with planetarium staff. Educational materials are also distributed to all the teachers as reference for their teaching. In this paper presentation, we would like to show how the National Planetarium plays an important role to help teachers in teaching astronomy in schools.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2021

The present study describes a hands-on experiment to help students understand the concept of phase change or phase transition and its application in a phase change material (PCM). PCMs are substances that have the capability of storing and releasing large amounts of thermal energy. They act as energy storage materials that provide an effective way to save energy by reducing the electricity required for heating and cooling. Lauric acid (LA) was selected as an example of the PCM. Students investigated the temperature change of LA and the temperature (of air) inside the test tube. The differences in the temperatures of the systems helped students understand how PCMs work. A one-group pretest and posttest design was implemented with 34 grade-11 students in science and mathematics. Students' understanding was assessed using a multiple-choice test and a questionnaire. The findings revealed that the designed activity helped students understand the concept of phase change and its application to materials for thermal energy storage.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.491-497
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• 2003

The use of both an Alpha Hydroxy Acid, Citric Acid, and a Skin Moisturizer, Glycereth-26, formulated into a hand dishwashing detergent have been shown to be synergistic in their effects on certain skin health parameters. Each ingredient was evaluated alone and together in a hand dishwashing detergent via a 9-week use test. Panelists washed dishes using the sponge method commonly used in Asian markets and a 1:7 dilution of the concentrated dish detergent. Panelist's hands were evaluated initially and at 3-week intervals for nine weeks. After nine weeks panelist's hands showed significant improvements in Moisture Absorption and Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL). A synergistic effect on TEWL was found between the AHA and the Moisturizer. These effects, showing an improvement in the condition of the panelist's skin are impressive, particularly since they were observed from a dishwashing product that is highly diluted and at near neutral pH during the washing process.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.417-423
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• 2003

The use of both an Alpha Hydroxy Acid, Citric Acid, and a Skin Moisturizer, Glycereth-26, formulated into a hand dishwashing detergent have been shown to be synergistic in their effects on certain skin health parameters. Each ingredient was evaluated alone and together in a hand dishwashing detergent via a 9-week use test. Panelists washed dishes using the sponge method commonly used in Asian markets and a 1:7 dilution of the concentrated dish detergent. Panelist's hands were evaluated initially and at 3-week intervals for nine weeks. After nine weeks panelist's hands showed significant improvements in Moisture Absorption and Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL). A synergistic effect on TEWL was found between the AHA and the Moisturizer. These effects, showing an improvement in the condition of the panelist's skin are impressive, particularly since they were observed from a dishwashing product that is highly diluted and at near neutral pH during the washing process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.243-244
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 기존 AI 기능을 탑재한 교육용 프로그래밍 언어 기반의 서비스들의 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 머신러닝 학습을 위한 교육용 프로그래밍 언어 기반 실습 플랫폼을 제안한다. 이번 연구에서는 기존 교육용 프로그래밍 언어 기반 서비스의 대표주자인 Scratch 3.0과 Tensorflow를 접목하여 AI에 대한 높은 이해도를 가질 수 있도록 하는 학습 방향을 제시하고 Gray-Box 형태의 학습 모델 서비스를 구현한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.297-298
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 머신러닝 학습에 있어 데이터 전처리의 중요성과 기존 데이터 전처리 기능을 가진 교육용 실습 플랫폼 서비스의 단점은 개선할 수 있는 데이터 전처리 학습을 위한 교육용 블록코딩 기반 실습 플랫폼을 제안한다. 머신러닝 모델의 학습데이터는 데이터 전처리에 따라 모델의 정확도에 큰 영향을 미치므로 데이터를 다양하게 활용하기 위해서는 전처리의 필요성을 깨닫고 과정을 정확하게 이해해야 한다. 따라서 데이터를 처리하는 과정을 이해하고 전처리를 직접 실행해 볼 수 있는 교육용 프로그래밍 언어 기반 D.I.Y 실습 플랫폼을 구현한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.101-102
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• 2017

This study of purpose was to evaluate the changes in hands and feet temperature by applying massage and paraffin bath.. The subject of this study was 30 university healthy students. Subjects were divided into paraffin bath group and massages group. The digital infrared thermographic imaging was used for thermographic analysis. The visual analog scale was used for subjective information about the degree of cold sensitivity and cold stress test was used for analyzing the temperature recovery rate. After the interventions showed that temperature difference of the right hand and temperature difference of the left hand are less in the paraffin group than the massage group. When applied paraffin bath and massage to the cold hypersensitivity patient the massage group showed difference in the visual analog scale and the paraffin group showed difference in the temperature of the right hand, left hand, left foot and in the visual analog scale. Paraffin bath treatment seems to be useful to patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.859-868
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the research trend of robot education for young children and elementary students as a basic study for the development of hands-on robot program for young children. Trends by year, research contents, and effectiveness of 155 dissertations and journal papers from 2006 to May 2016 related to robot education for young children and elementary students were analyzed. The results were as follows. In the research subject, research was conducted in the order of integrated education, attitudes and awareness research, and response research for young children and programming education, design development research, and integrated education for elementary students. In the research method, observational research and development research were the most common in young children and elementary students, respectively. In the effectiveness validation, research on social and emotional interaction and research on creativity were the most common in young children and elementary students, respectively. Based on the results of this study, the analysis provided basic data for the development of programs for young children's hands-on robot activities and suggested the direction and implications of robot education in connection with SW education of young children and elementary students.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.472-480
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate Staphylococcus epidermidis contamination on hands of 20 dental hygienists and 140 equipment surface of 20 dental clinics in a local area, from July to August 2017. The degree of S. epidermidis contamination was measured using a hand plate and a rodac plate and then cultured at $35^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. Based on hand plate criteria, hand contamination was classified into low, middle, and high groups. Analysis of the variance (ANOVA) of the contamination level of the hand parts of the group surface contamination level of the dental clinic equipment was descriptive statistics after clustering lock count. S. epidermidis contamination was moderate in 55% of the hands of dental hygienists. The area of contamination was 29.45 colony-forming units (CFU) on the palm, followed by the middle finger 7.8 CFU, ring finger 6.4 CFU, and thumb 6 CFU. Medical equipment surface contamination was showed that 3-way handle 4.45 CFU, computer mouse 3.37 CFU, mirror handle 1.60 CFU were higher than other areas. The group with high hand contamination had a high positive correlation with the S. epidermidis contamination of the hand. S. epidermidis contamination level was higher on hands than on the medical equipment surface contamination. Therefore, medical staff should recognize the importance of hand hygiene which should be practiced in the manner suggested by World Health Organization. In addition, the medical team needs to be responsible for performing infection control tasks, implementing infection management guidelines and providing systematic education on infectious disease management.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.327-333
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• 2015

Background An anatomical analysis of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) and the surrounding structures might help in identifying effective measures to minimize complications. Here, we present a surgical technique based on an anatomical study that was successfully applied in clinical settings. Methods Using 13 hands from 8 formalin-fixed cadavers, we measured the TCL length and thickness, correlation between the distal wrist crease and the proximal end of the TCL, and distance between the distal end of the TCL and the palmar arch; the TCL cross sections and the thickest parts were also examined. Clinically, fasciotomy was performed on the relevant parts of 15 hands from 13 patients by making a minimally invasive incision on the distal wrist crease. Postoperatively, a two-point discrimination check was conducted in which the sensations of the first, second, and third fingertips and the palmar cutaneous branch injuries were monitored (average duration, 7 months). Results In the 13 cadaveric hands, the distal wrist crease and the proximal end of the TCL were placed in the same location. The average length of the TCL and the distance from the distal TCL to the superficial palmar arch were $35.30{\pm}2.59mm$ and $9.50{\pm}2.13mm$, respectively. The thickest part of the TCL was a region 25 mm distal to the distal wrist crease (average thickness, $4.00{\pm}0.57mm$). The 13 surgeries performed in the clinical settings yielded satisfactory results. Conclusions This peri-TCL anatomical study confirmed the safety of fasciotomy with a minimally invasive incision of the distal wrist crease. The clinical application of the technique indicated that the minimally invasive incision of the distal wrist crease was efficacious in the treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome.