• Title/Summary/Keyword: handheld

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Design of a Multi-Band and Wide-Band Antenna for a Portable Broadcasting Terminal (휴대 방송용 단말기에 적합한 다중 대역 및 광대역 안테나 설계)

  • Kim, Jeong-Pyo;Kim, Gi-Ho;Yang, Myo-Guen;Seong, Won-MO
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.18 no.4 s.119
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    • pp.358-363
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    • 2007
  • The multi-band and wide-band antenna for a portable broadcasting terminal is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of two radiators with a parallel structure. The antenna has an enough wide impedance bandwidth for the DVB-H(Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld) service band since two radiators have adjacent resonance frequencies and operates in the DAB(Digital Audio Broadcasting) service band using the third harmonic of the radiator 1. The fabricated antenna has VSWR characteristics of less than 2:1 in the frequency band $470{\sim}740\;MHz$ for DVB-H and $1,450{\sim}1,480\;MHz$ for DAB. The measured peak gain of the antenna is $1.97{\sim}4.10\;dBi$ in the DVB-H band and $1.98{\sim}2.04\;dBi$ in the DAB band.

Power Generation Characteristics of Uni-morph Piezoelectric Cantilever with Different Vibration Angle (진동 각도에 따른 유니몰프 압전 캔틸레버의 발전특성연구)

  • Kim, Chang Il;Yun, Ji Sun;Park, Woon-Ik;Jeong, Young-Hun;Hong, Youn Woo;Cho, Jeong-Ho;Paik, Jong Hoo
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.107-113
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    • 2017
  • Energy source of a piezo-electric harvester is vibration. Sources of vibration are machineries operated with high frequencies, constructions and people operated with low frequencies and etc. In this study, we tried to figure out power generation properties over vibrations upon angles of a piezo-cantilever for applying them to movements of the construction and/or people, which are vibration sources at low frequencies. A uni-morph cantilever with a $59mm{\times}29mm{\times}0.2mm$ piezo-electric element attached on a $71mm{\times}46mm{\times}0.25mm$ copperplate was used. A spring was attached to the lower side of the cantilever and a mass was attached on the opposite side. Also, a structure with a specific angle which is an angle in between the ground and the cantilever was prepared and then, connected to a spring or the cantilever. Then, this structure was divided into the A-type and B-type and excited in the direction of z- axis. After that, the angle between the ground and the cantilever was changed and excited by 1 to 10 Hz upon the existence of a spring and/or a mass to compare power generation properties.

Effects of the Graston Technique and Self-myofascial Release on the Range of Motion of a Knee Joint (글라스톤 기법을 이용한 연부조직가동술과 자가근막이완술이 넙다리뒤근 유연성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Do-Hyun;Kim, Tae-Ho;Jung, Do-Young;Weon, Jong-Hyuck
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.455-463
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    • 2014
  • PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Graston and self-myofascial release (SMR) techniques on knee joint flexibility, hamstring, and quadriceps strength. METHODS: Twenty subjects with hamstring shortness participated in this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to one of two groups: The Graston technique (GT) group received intervention using a Graston instrument for one minute, and the SMR group performed self-exercises using a foam roll for one minute. The range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint was measured by active knee extension test, and a handheld dynamometer was utilized to collect the hamstring and quadriceps muscle strength. This experiment was performed by two physical therapists. The significant level was set at ${\alpha}$=0.05. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) The ROM of the knee joint and quadriceps muscle strength were significantly increased in both groups. 2) Hamstring muscle strength was significantly reduced in both groups. 3) There were no significant differences between the GT group and SMR group for any variable. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that SMR is an effective and easy technique for restoring proper muscle length and strength in subjects with hamstring shortness. We recommend that SMR technique be used for treat hamstring shortness in clinical setting and home-program.

Historical Review on the Parabolic Reflector Moxa and Clinical Applications of Light Moxibustion in Korean Medicine (양수구(陽燧灸)(오목거울뜸)에 대한 역사적 고찰 및 한의임상(韓醫臨床)에서 광선구(光線灸)의 활용 전망)

  • Jang, In-Soo;Sun, Seung-Ho;Seo, Hyung-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.1-4
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to summarize the historical aspects of parabolic reflector moxa and to suggest the applications of light moxibustion in Korean medicine. Results : Getting a fire by parabolic reflector(concave mirror) is well known because of the Olympic torch lighted with a solar reflector in Greece. From anecdotes or myths for Diocles and Archimedes(third century B.C.) a long history has been chronicled in books and films in western culture. However, it has another history in Asian countries since 2,000 years ago. Some reflectors had a tiny size with 6.5 to 10 cm in diameter, 4 mm to 1 cm thickness, and these mobile handheld devices could make us guess that they have been used for multiple purposes. Bronze reflectors were described in Dongeui-bogam, and excavated from the ancient remains of the Shilla and Koryo dynasties. This common firing device was used as a moxibustion device, one of the acupuncture and moxibustion modalities in traditional Korean medicine. Conclusions : Reflector moxa has been used as a light moxibustion to deliver heat energy to acupuncture points, muscles, and skin along meridians. We present a plausible proposal to improve other phototherapy modalities including reflector moxa in Korean medicine practice.

Secure Handoff Based on Dual Session Keys in Mobile IP with AAA (Mobile IP 및 AAA 프로토콜 기반으로 신속성과 안전성을 고려한 듀얼세션키 핸드오프 방식연구c)

  • Choi Yumi;Lee Hyung-Min;Choo Hyunseung
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.107-119
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    • 2005
  • The Mobile IP has evolved from providing mobility support for portable computers to support wireless handheld devices with high mobility patterns. The Mobile IP secures mobility, but does not guarantee security, In this paper, the Mobile IP has been adapted to allow AM protocol that supports authentication, authorization and accounting for authentication and collection of accounting information of network usage by mobile nodes, For this goal, we propose a new security handoff mechanism to intensify the Mobile IP security and to achieve fast handoff. In the proposed mechanism, we provide enough handoff achievement time to maintain the security of mobile nodes, According to the analysis of modeling result, the proposed mechanism composed the basic Mobile IP along with AM protocol is up to about $60\%$ better in terms of normalized surcharge for the handoff failure rate that considers handoff time.

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An Efficient Encryption Scheme Combining PRNG and Permutation for Mobile Multimedia Data (모바일 멀티미디어 데이타를 위한, 의사난수생성기와 순열 기법을 결합한 효율적인 암호화 기법)

  • Han, Jung-Kyu;Cho, Yoo-Kun
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.34 no.11
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    • pp.581-588
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    • 2007
  • In Digital Right Management, symmetric cipher is used for content encryption to reduce encryption cost, AES, advanced encryption standard is usually used to multimedia encryption under desktop environment because of its reasonable security level and computation cost. But mobile handheld device often uses slow speed processor and operates under battery-powered environment. Therefore it requires low computation cost and low energy consumption. This paper proposes new stream cipher scheme which combines pseudo random number generator(PRNG) and dynamically generated permutations. Proposed scheme activates PRNG and generates original key streams. Then it generates extended key streams by applying permutation to original sequence. These extended key streams are XORed with plaintext and generate ciphertext. Proposed scheme reduces the usage of PRNG. Therefore this scheme is fast and consumes less energy in comparison with normal stream cipher. Especially, this scheme shows great speed up (almost 2 times) than normal stream cipher scheme in random access.

Changes in Body Function, Activity and Participation Following Task-oriented Training in Children with Cerebral Palsy (과제지향 훈련 후 뇌성마비아동의 신체기능, 활동 및 참여의 변화)

  • Yang, Hye-Yun;Kang, Soon-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2019
  • PURPOSE: This study examined whether a task-oriented training program is an effective intervention to improve the body function, activity, and participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: Ten children with CP (7-13 years old) performed a task-oriented training program for eight weeks (three sessions per week, 30 minutes each). The taskoriented training program consisted of eight activities. The subjects' body function was assessed using a handheld dynamometer, goniometer, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Balance Performance Monitor (BPM), and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP). The subjects' activity and participation were assessed using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. RESULTS: Task-oriented training provided significant improvements in the subjects' body function. The subjects improved the bilateral isometric muscle strength of the hip flexors, extensors and abductors, knee flexors and extensors, and ankle dorsi- and plantar flexors (p<.05). Bilateral passive hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation, knee flexion, and ankle dorsi- and plantar flexion were also increased (p<.05). In addition, the MAS score of the hip adductors decreased (p<.05) and the BOTMP score increased after training (p<.05). The subjects' activity and participation also improved significantly after training, increasing the GMFM score (p<.05) and decreasing the TUG score (p<.05). On the other hand, the BPM score did not change after training. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a task-oriented training program can be an effective intervention to improve the body function, activity, and participation for children with CP.

Design and Evaluation of a Hand-held Device for Recognizing Mid-air Hand Gestures (공중 손동작 인식을 위한 핸드 헬드형 기기의 설계 및 평가)

  • Seo, Kyeongeun;Cho, Hyeonjoong
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2015
  • We propose AirPincher, a handheld pointing device for recognizing delicate mid-air hand gestures to control a remote display. AirPincher is designed to overcome disadvantages of the two kinds of existing hand gesture-aware techniques such as glove-based and vision-based. The glove-based techniques cause cumbersomeness of wearing gloves every time and the vision-based techniques incur performance dependence on distance between a user and a remote display. AirPincher allows a user to hold the device in one hand and to generate several delicate finger gestures. The gestures are captured by several sensors proximately embedded into AirPincher. These features help AirPincher avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the existing techniques. We experimentally find an efficient size of the virtual input space and evaluate two types of pointing interfaces with AirPincher for a remote display. Our experiments suggest appropriate configurations to use the proposed device.

3-D Hetero-Integration Technologies for Multifunctional Convergence Systems

  • Lee, Kang-Wook
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.11-19
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    • 2015
  • Since CMOS device scaling has stalled, three-dimensional (3-D) integration allows extending Moore's law to ever high density, higher functionality, higher performance, and more diversed materials and devices to be integrated with lower cost. 3-D integration has many benefits such as increased multi-functionality, increased performance, increased data bandwidth, reduced power, small form factor, reduced packaging volume, because it vertically stacks multiple materials, technologies, and functional components such as processor, memory, sensors, logic, analog, and power ICs into one stacked chip. Anticipated applications start with memory, handheld devices, and high-performance computers and especially extend to multifunctional convengence systems such as cloud networking for internet of things, exascale computing for big data server, electrical vehicle system for future automotive, radioactivity safety system, energy harvesting system and, wireless implantable medical system by flexible heterogeneous integrations involving CMOS, MEMS, sensors and photonic circuits. However, heterogeneous integration of different functional devices has many technical challenges owing to various types of size, thickness, and substrate of different functional devices, because they were fabricated by different technologies. This paper describes new 3-D heterogeneous integration technologies of chip self-assembling stacking and 3-D heterogeneous opto-electronics integration, backside TSV fabrication developed by Tohoku University for multifunctional convergence systems. The paper introduce a high speed sensing, highly parallel processing image sensor system comprising a 3-D stacked image sensor with extremely fast signal sensing and processing speed and a 3-D stacked microprocessor with a self-test and self-repair function for autonomous driving assist fabricated by 3-D heterogeneous integration technologies.

Construction of Complemented Hybrid Group Cellular Automata with Maximum Equal Lengths (최대 동일 길이를 갖는 여원 HGCA구성)

  • Cho S.J.;Choi U.S.;Hwang Y.H.;Kim J.G.;Pyo Y.S.;Kim H.D.
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.10 no.9
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    • pp.1565-1572
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    • 2006
  • Recently with the ever increasing growth of data communication, the need for security and privacy has become a necessity. The advent of wireless communication and other handheld devices like Personal Digital Assistants and smart cards have made the implementation of cryptosystems a major issue. The Cellular Automata(CA) can be programmed to implement hardware sharing between the encryption and decryption. In this paper, we give conditions for a linear hybrid cellular automata with 60, 102 or 204 to be a linear hybrid group cellular automata C. And we present the conditions which the complemented hybrid group cellular automata C' with complement vectors derived from C has maximum equal lengths in the state transition diagram of C' Also we analyze the relationship among cycles of C' These results generalize Mukhopadhyay's results.