• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.648-659
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• 2012

This research categorizes fundamental data needed to develop eco-friendly fabrics treated with bamboo leaf & pine leaf extracts. The effect of mordant on those fabrics was analyzed through the measurement of mechanical properties and the estimation of primary hand values for cotton and silk fabrics dyed with bamboo leaf and pine leaf extracts that were later treated with various mordants. When cotton was dyed with bamboo leaves and pine leaves extracts, EM, WT, 2HB, 2HG, 2HG5, LC, T, and W increased however, RT, SMD, and RC decreased compared to raw cotton fabric. The B, G, and MIU increased after mordant treatment to the dyed cotton and resulted in a stiffer and rougher cotton's hand. EM, WT, RT, MIU, WC, T, and W increased (in terms of silk); however, LT, B, 2HB, G, 2HG, 2HG5, MMD, SMD, and LC decreased compared to raw silk fabric. Similar to the dyed cotton, mordant treatment increased the MIU and LC of dyed silk subsequently, the hand became stiffer and rougher. A greater tannin adsorption results in an increased mechanical property and the primary hand value. For both fabrics, mordant treatment made its smoothness drop. However, the scale of drop for cotton was significant, while the scale of the drop for silk was minor. In terms of type of mordant, femordant and natural-mordant treatment influenced the tensile, shear, surface properties of fabrics, and primary hand values more than Cu-mordant and synthetic-mordant in addition, this increased the stiffness, hardness, and roughness of fabrics.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

This paper describes the evaluation of a force-reflecting interface with ultrasonic motors(USMs). The force-reflecting interface allows a human to feel object within virtual environment. To effectively display the mechanical impedance of the human hand we need a haptic device with specific characteristics, such as low inertia, almost zero friction and very high stiffness. USMs have attracted considerable attention as the actuator satisfied these conditions. USMs combine features such as high driving torque at low rotational speed, high holding torque and fast response therefore we studied two degree of freedom force-reflecting haptic system.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2001

The primary objective of this study was to empirically explore the mechanical properties of marketing Korean fabrics by using KES-FB system and estimate the sewability of Korean clothes by the mechanical properties. From the empirical research, it was found that Korean fabrics for spring and summer has been transformed easier and less flexible by shearing Korean fabrics for autumn and winter. Also, it was found that there is a significant difference in the hand value as tensile, surface and compression. It was found that Korean fabrics for spring and summer has a stiffness and elastic properties of matter and Korean fabrics for autumn and winter has a bulky and abundant elasticity. Finally, it was found that Korean fabrics for autumn and summer in the joint of account of the mechanical properties. Also, the difficulties of process has been expected by sewability like seam-pucker, over feed, sewing and steam-press.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2003

Chitosan treatment of textile fabrics has been studied to improve fabric characteristics and functions. Natural dyestuffs have been more actively employed in environment-conscious finishing products. In this study, chitosan treated cotton and nylon fabrics were prepared for dyeing with a few natural dyestuffs. These were Caesalpina sappan, Gardenia jasminoides, and cochineal in the form of powder. Hand-related physical and mechanical properties and luster characteristics were examined using the KES-FB series instruments and a set of luster measuring equipment. The chitosan treatment seemed to be more effective in terms of increasing stiffness for cotton fabric. Since cotton fibers have more -OH groups in the molecules, they provide more linkage sites with the chitosan than the nylon 6 fibers do.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.192-193
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to comprehend experimentally the nature of human static load to wall for making use of the result as basic data to evaluate resisting force of lightweight wall. Human motions exerting static load are classified to 4 types, and two-hands pushing and shoulder pushing are defined as the instantaneously forcing motions with hands or shoulder put on the load plate, respectively. Back leaning and one-hand leaning are defined as motions of taking a rest in their respective comfortable posture. Measurement of static horizontal load caused by each motion showed that the highest load ratio depends on hardness of load plane and was 1.17~1.25 times of weight in two-hands pushing, 0.95~0.99 times in shoulder pushing, 0.16~0.18 times in back leaning, and 0.12~0.15 times in one-hand leaning.

• 셀메드
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.6.1-6.3
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• 2023

Objective: Malunion of distal radial fracture can result in pain, stiffness, and decreased function of the affected limb. Occupational therapy intervention can improve outcomes in these patients, but there is limited research on the effectiveness of such interventions. Case Description: This case report describes the occupational therapy intervention and outcomes for a 44-year-old female patient with malunion of left distal radial fracture. The patient received 8 weeks of occupational therapy intervention consisting of therapeutic exercises, joint mobilization, and fine motor activities. The patient demonstrated significant improvements in range of motion, grip strength, and activities of daily living (ADL) in her left hand. The patient also reported less pain and greater ease in performing activities of daily living. Conclusion: Occupational therapy intervention can be effective in improving outcomes for patients with malunion of distal radial fracture. This case report highlights the importance of early intervention and interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals to optimize patient outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for patients with malunion of distal radial fracture.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1055-1064
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• 2000

First, various specimen geometries, namely, coupon type, waisted type and dog-bone type, were examined to determine appropriate fatigue specimen of thermoplastic composite material AS4/PEEK and the n, fatigue strength of smooth and notched specimens of AS4/PEEK [-45/0/+45/90]2s was investigated. Fatigue tests were performed under load controlled condition at a stress ratio of 0. 1 at a frequency of 5Hz. Stiffness degradation of specimens with fatigue cycling was monitored using an automated unloading compliance technique. The waisted type specimen is found appropriate for smooth fatigue specimen geometry of AS4/PEEK. As for the effect of stress concentration, it is found that fatigue strength is higher for a 2mm-diameter hole notched specimen than a 5mm-diameter one. Fatigue notch factor decreases with the increase of fatigue life. These results are far different from the trend of fatigue strength of metallic materials. The stiffness variation of smooth specimen was only 4% at maximum until final fracture. On the other hand, the stiffness of hole notched specimen was reduced by 45% at maximum. Notched fatigue strength was compared between thermoplastic composite AS4/PEEK and thermosetting composite Graphite/Epoxy. In long-life fatigue (>104), the AS4/PEEK composite shows superior fatigue strength, but in short-life fatigue, the fatigue strength of the Graphite/Epoxy composite is nearly equal or somewhat higher than that of the AS4/PEEK composite.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2003

This study developed a practical two-microphone impedance tube method to measure the sound transmission loss of sound isolation materials without the use of an expensive reverberation room or an acoustic intensity probe. In order to evaluate the validation and applicability of the two-microphone impedance tube method, sound transmission losses for several sound isolation materials with different surface density and bending stiffness were measured, and the measured values were compared with the results from the reverberation room method and the theory. From the experimental results, it was found that the accuracy of sound transmission loss obtained by the impedance tube method depends upon the diameter size of the impedance tube (i.e., tested sample size). For sound isolation materials having relatively large bending stiffness such as acryl, wood, and aluminum plates, it was found that the impedance tube method proposed by this study was not valid to measure the sound transmission loss. On the other hand, for sound isolation materials having relatively small bending stiffness such as rubber, polyvinyl, and asphalt sheets, the comparisons of transmission loss between the results from the impedance tube method and the theory showed a good agreement within the range of the frequencies satisfying the normal incidence mass law. Therefore, the two-microphone impedance tube method proposed by this study can be an effective measurement method to evaluate the sound transmission loss for soft sound isolation sheets having relatively small bending stiffness.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.69-91
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• 1982

The major factors which affect the crankshaft axial vibration are such items as the axial stiffness and mass of crankshaft, the thrust block stiffness, the propeller's entrained water and the exciting and damping forces of engine, propeller and shafting. Among above mentioned items, the axial stiffness and mass of crankshaft, thrust block stiffness and propeller's entrained water were treated in detail in part I, and so in this paper, the rest of above items will be studied. The exciting forces of crankshaft axial vibration are generated mainly from the gas explosion pressure of cylinder, the thrust fluctuation of propeller, and sometimes the torsional vibration of crankshaft induces the crankshaft axial vibration. As for the propeller thrust fluctuation, its harmonic components can be fairly exactly calculated from the experimental results of propeller in the towing tank, but as the calculation process is rather tedious and laborious, the empirical values are ordinarily used. On the other hand, the table of harmonic components of gas pressure has been already published by major slow speed diesel engine makers, but the axial thrust conversion factor of radial force is not unknown yet, and as its estimated value is unreliable, the axial vibration force of gas pressure is uncertain. As the calculation of damping force is very complicated and it includes some uncertain factors, the thoretically estimated amplitudes of axial vibration are much more incorrect in comparison with those of torsional vibrations. Authors have paid special attentions to deriving the theoretical calculation formula of axial conversion factor of radial force and damping force of crankshaft axial vibration and developed a computer program to calculate resonance amplitudes and additional stresses of crankshaft axial vibrations. Also, to check the reliability of the developed computer program, the axial vibrations of three ships' propulsion shaftings were analyzed and their results were compared with those of measured values and makers' results.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to dye hanji/cotton fabrics using persimmon juice and to investigate the change in the hand fabrics. Using the Kawabata Evaluation System, we have examined the changes in the physical properties, primary hand value and total hand value. The dynamic characteristics of hanji/cotton fabrics have been explored by tensile, shear, bending, compression, surface properties, thickness and weight. As a result, it can be seen that the linearity of load-extension and tensile resilience are increased with the increase of the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice and tensile energy is decreased in the same condition. These behaviors are shown in the compression properties. Although the mechanism of persimmon juice dyeing has been widely discussed, it means that the fabrics dyed with persimmon juice become stiffened and the elasticity is increased with the introduction of persimmon on the fabrics studied. Bending rigidity and hysteresis of the bending moment are increased with the increase of the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice. Also, Geometrical roughness, expressed in SMD is increased with increasing the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice, compared with as-received. It indicates that these results are due to the geometric structure of hanji yarn and the introduction of persimmon juice on the fabrics studied. The fullness and softness with the soft feeing are increased a little due to the tannin component of persimmon juice introduced on the fiber surface.