• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2004

In a situation that rank order information on attribute weights is captured, two solution approaches are presented. An exact solution approach via interaction with a decision-maker pursues progressive reduction of a set of non-dominated alternatives by narrowing down the feasible attribute weights set. In approximate solution approach, on the other hand, three categories of approximate methods such as surrogate weights method, the dominance value-based decision rules, and three classical decision rules are presented and their efficacies in terms of choice accuracy are evaluated via simulation analysis. The simulation results indicate that a method, which combines an exact solution approach through interactions with the decision-maker and the dominance value-based approach is recommendable in a case that a decision is not made at a single step under imprecisely assessed weights information.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1984

The effect of transplanting method of rice seedlings on weed occurrence was investigated at the Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station in 1983. Rice was transplanted by hand and machine and eleven common herbicides were applied. The greatest weeds were harvested from the plot that rice was not transplanted and more weeds encountered at machine transplanted plot than hand transplanted plot. The degree of weed suppression by rice plant itself was 50% for machine transplatning and 55% for hand transplanting, respectively. Simpson index and community dominance of weed species were the highest in hand transplanting and followed by machine transplanting and no rice plot in order. Rice grain yield was exponentially correlated with the amounts of weed occurrence and more yield loss exhibited at machine transplanting than hand transplanting in the same amount of weeds. In the herbicidal activity, most of herbicides performed better at hand transplanting than machine transplanting while the degree of difference between transplanting methods varied depend on herbicide used.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present specific criteria for setting goals for hand rehabilitation by comparing the degree of difference in grip force, coordination, and dexterity between the dominant and non-dominant hand according to gender. Methods: We recruited 100 healthy adults in their 20s and 30s. A handheld digital dynamometer was used to evaluate the grip force of each of the dominant and non-dominant hand, a chopsticks manipulation test was used to evaluate coordination, and the Purdue Pegboard test was used to evaluate agility. Results: In all subjects, the grip force, coordination, and dexterity showed statistically significant difference (p <0.01) between the dominant and non-dominant hand. In the comparison according to gender, both male and female dominant and non-dominant hands showed statistically significant differences in grip force, coordination, and dexterity (p <0.01). In the comparison according to grip force, there was a statistically significant difference between the dominant and non-dominant hand, and men showed stronger result values in both hands compared to women (p <0.01). In the comparison according to coordination, there was no statistically significant difference between the dominant and non-dominant hand in men and women (p >0.05). In the comparison according to dexterity, there was a statistically significant difference between the dominant and non-dominant hand, and women were shown to be faster in performance time with both hands, compared to men (p <0.01). Conclusion: Differences according to gender exist in grip force and dexterity but not coordination, and differences between dominant and non-dominant hand exists across all measurements. The results suggest setting a recovery goal according to dominance and gender during rehabilitation of hand function.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2016

Purpose: On this study, we compared the relationship of dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye, degree of dominant eye, and dominant agreement eye and hand. Methods: For 130 adults (male 70, female 60), mean age of $21.06{\pm}2.21years$ old, dominant eye, degree of dominant eye were measured by objective examination by using the diameter $3.8cm{\times}3.8cm$ thin ring, the dynamic stereoacuity were measured by three-rods test (iNT, Korea). Results: Dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye was center dominant eye without dominance was $14.97{\pm}13.80sec$ of arc, right eye $22.10{\pm}20.01sec$ of arc, left eye $22.31{\pm}20.39sec$ of arc. Dynamic stereoacuity was better when there was no dominance, but the correlation of the dominant eye with dynamic stereoacuity was very low. When Dynamic stereoacuity was separated by in the Center, Mild, Strong, dynamic stereoacuity was $14.97{\pm}13.80sec$ of arc, $20.76{\pm}15.73sec$ of arc and $24.45{\pm}25.60sec$ of arc respectively. The dynamic stereoacuity results were worse when dominance was stonger. However dynamic stereoacuity was better than Center when the degree of dominant eye was rather strong in the dominant left eye. Dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye and hand showed that right eye and hand was $22.63{\pm}20.54sec$ of arc, left eye and hand was $17.36{\pm}10.13sec$ of arc, right eye and left hand was $14.79{\pm}7.05sec$ of arc, left eye and right hand was $22.97{\pm}21.42sec$ of arc so dynamic stereoacuity was comparatively good when the dominant hand was left. Conculsions: Correlation between the dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye, degree of dominant eye was low, however when degree of dominant eye was Center 14.97 sec of arc, Strong 24.45 sec of arc, the dynamic stereoacuity tended to worse when degree of dominant eye was strong. As a result, dominant eye, degree of dominant eye would have to be considered in a more comfortable binocular balance between prescribed for the wearer in binocular vision correction in binocular function such stereoacuity, sports vision training, presbyopia correction and mono vision.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.246-251
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• 1983

In recent years weed flora have been changed to perennial dominance in paddy field being affected by the cropping systems and cultural practices. The perennial weeds are difficult to be controlled with annual herbicides which occupy 94% of total consumption of herbicides. The weeds competed more with rice plants in early tillering stages in machine transplanted field. For the reasonable and effective weed control, it is advisable to use single ai herbicides in hand transplanting field, but combined and mixed herbicides should be applied in machine transplanting field.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 1986

The vegetation structure in the Hoo - Won, Changduk Palace in Seoul was analysed on 10 sites sampled for understanding structure of natural vegetation. The main vegetational survey was conducted during July, 1985 and actual vegetaion and degree of natural vegetaion types were surveyed additionally. The result summarized of this research are as follows. 1) The physical - chemical conditions of soil showed middle class. This might be derived by short succession period from Pine forest to decidious broadleaf forest and artificial impact by human intervention. 2) When considering dominance species by crown story, Quercus aliena was a dominant species over all site and Castanea crenata, Prunus sargentii and Quercus variabilis appeared as a dominant species locally at upper story. Styrax story and Rhododendron mucronulatum, Styrax japonica, Stephanandra incisa and Lespedeza spp. at lower story. 3) The distances kept by trees per crown story are as follows. The mean distances between trees were 4.5-5.5m at upper story, 2.8-3.3m at middle story. On the other hand, the mean distances between dominant species were 6-8m at upper story, 5-9m at middle story. 4) The vegetation in this area was not developed yet into dominant species community according to the similarity analysis. The natural vegetation was dominated by Quercus spp. especially Quercus aliena according to the analysis of species diversity, relative dominance by story and DBH class. On the orther hand, succession to climax stage dominated by shade tolerent species will take a long time due to little appearance of shade tolerence species by previous heavy artificial impacts on understory species. 5) Quercus forest took possesion of 71.3%(27.37ha) of total forest area when considering the actual vegetation and especially Quercus aliena community covered 53.2%(15.21ha). Carpinus laxiflora community, one of the climax species in temperate zone, took possesion of 1.0%(0.3ha) and Pine densiflora was almost disappeared due to species competition. 6) According to the degree of natural vegetation types, the possession of degree of 6-9 was 60.6% and degree of 7-8, substitute vegetation, was 15.5%. The possesion of degree of 9 which consists of over 50 years old trees simliar to natural vegetaion was the highest, 43.1% in this area. Therefore continuous protection in this area of degree of 9 should be recommended.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Microalgae can grow autotrophically with the supply of light, carbon dioxide and inorganic nutrients in water through photosynthesis. Generally, microalgal growth is limited by the concentrations and relative ratio of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) among the nutrients in the aquatic environment. Each microalga has its specific optimum N : P ratio resulting in dominance in a particular water having similar nutrient composition. Algal bloom is an immense growth of certain microalga commonly cyanobacterium and can be sequestrated by reducing the limiting nutrient, generally P in the freshwater. Moreover, dominance of a less toxic blooming strain can be established by manipulating N : P ratio in the water. On the other hand, microalgal biomass of a certain species can be enhanced by increasing limiting nutrient and adjusting the N : P ratio to the target species. The above-mentioned eco-physiological features of microalgae can be more completely interpreted in connection with their genomic informations. Consequently, microalgal growth regulation which can be achieved on the basis of its eco-physiological and further genomic insights would be helpful not only in the control of algal bloom, but also for an increased yield of algal biomass.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

Purpose: Human brain was lateralized to dominant or non-dominant hemisphere, and could be reorganized by the processing of the motor learning. We reported four cases which showed the changes of the cortical activation patterns resulting from two weeks of training with the serial reaction time task. Methods: Four right-handed healthy subjects were recruited, who was equally divided to two training conditions (right hand training or left hand training). They were assigned to train the serial reaction time task for two weeks, which should press the corresponding four colored buttons as fast as accurately as possible when visual stimulus was presented. Before and after two weeks of training, reaction time and function magnetic resonance image (fMRI) was acquired during the performance of the same serial reaction time task as the training. Results: The reaction time was significantly decreased in all of subjects after training. Our fMRI result showed that widespread bilateral activation at the pre scanning was shifted toward the focused activation on the contralateral hemisphere with progressive motor learning. However, the bilateral activation was still remained during the performance of the non-dominant hand. Conclusion: These findings showed that the repetitive practice of the serial reaction time task led to increase the movement speed and accuracy, as described by motor learning. Such motor learning induced to change the cortical activation pattern. And, the changed pattern of the cortical activation resulting from motor learning was different each other in accordance with the hand dominance.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.621-628
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to give interest about usability of cellular phone keypad for left-handed person. Background: Although there are being a lot of attempts to design suitable product on user's request in process that design cellular phone keypad, ergonomic access about left-handed person who compose decimal class is unprepared. Especially, in early user's occasion, left-handed persons need more efforts than right-handed person to master Hangul character input process skill level. But, since realization about this left-handed person's discomfort has not spread, the importance has not been well thought in the society. Method: (1) After extracting emblem to use in comparison in questionnaire, applied emblem uniformly to different 3 kind of cellular phone. (2) Measured Hangul input time and mistyping number by dominant hand's position and skill level to reagent. (3) Taking the result through ANOVA. Conclusion: In the result of the experiment about Hangul input time and mistyping number according to dominant hand's position and skill level, left-handed person's group on the low skill level has shown the dullest use capability among 4 experiment groups. Application: In the future, analysis result may be used to the data of realization conversion in process design of various products including cellular phone keypad to consider left-handed person.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.44-58
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate various hand functions in the most common position (chair sitting, standing, floor sitting) used by cerebral palsied children with spastic diplegia. The results, analysed statistically, could be useful in suggesting treatment strategy for the improvement of hand function in such patient. For this study, 27 children mild or moderate spastic diplegia were chosen. They were patients of the Rehabilitation Hospital, Yonsei University Medical Center. Both dominant and nondominant hands were tested by the Box and Block Test. Bilateral hand function was tested by bead striding and card sorting activities. Collected data was analysed using univariate correlation analysis and MANOVA. Results were as follows: 1) In chair sitting there was a significant positive correlation between dominant hand scores in the Bloc and Box Test and chronological age, gestation period, and time of treatment initiation. In bilateral hand function, card sorting scores correlated positively with time of treatment initiation. 2) In standing, there was a significantly positive correlation between dominant hand scores in the Block and Box Test and time of treatment initiation. 3) In floor sitting, there was a significantly positive correlation between the dominance hand scores in the Block and Box Test and the tine of treatment initiation. Bead stringing, a bilateral hand activity, correlated positively with gestation period and birth weight but negatively with the postnatal incubation period. 4) That score of children who walked showed no significant difference in any of the three postures. 5) Highest test scores in children who could nat walk were in the Box and Block Test for nondominant hand in bead stringing for bilateral hand function. There scores occurred with the children in thee chair sitting posture. The results showed that, in order to improve hand function in children with spastic diplegia, it is necessary to maintain a well supported upright trunk posture with variations allowed for relevance to the chosen position of thee improvements hand activity being performed.