• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2001

The color difference values of dyed fabrics with colorant in Eucommiae Cortex were as follows; One hour of dyeing depending on pH at $95^{\circ}C$ exhibited colors of dark brown, light brown, light beige and grey. The colors of wool, nylon and silk was darkest brown at pH 3 but light brown or yellow as pH increased. In all dyed fabrics the color was changed to darker brown as time prolonged, however; there was no further color change and value and chroma of wool declined. At pH 3, the increase in temperature turned colors of all dyed fabrics into dark brown from light yellow. As the result of repetitive dyeing, colors of all dyed fabrics gradually turned into darker brown. The methods of mordant resulted in color changes between light yellow and dark brown without various color changes.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.97-101
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• 2007

We are often faced with the task of having to estimate the hydrogen and helium ionizing luminosities of massive stars in the study of H II regions and the warm ionized medium (WIM). Using the results of the most complete compilation of stellar parameters (the effective temperature, stellar radius and surface gravity) and the latest Kurucz stellar atmosphere models, we calculate the ionizing photon luminosities in the $H^0\;and\;He^0$ continua from O3 to B5 stars. We compared the theoretical Lyman-continuum luminosity with the observationally inferred luminosity of the H II region around ${\alpha}$ Vir, and found that the theoretical value is higher than the observed value in contrast to the eariler result.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1977

Serum levels of human placental lactogen were measured by hemagglutination inhibition reaction in 26 normal pregnant state and in patients with 16 toxemia and 6 F.D.I.U. beyond their thirtieth week of gestation to evaluate their clinical usefulness. It was realized that HPL-HAIR Test Kit was easy to use and produced reliable results. The general conclusion were as follows: 1) HPL value was $6{\sim}8$ug/ml in normal pregnancy. 2) The levels in mild toxemia were similar in the normal state. 3) The levels in severe toxemia were similar or slightly lower than in the normal and mild toxemia. 4) The levels in F.D.I.U. were lower than in the normal state.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.662-668
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• 1989

The effect of four different humidities during smokehouse processing on cured color development color intensity, pH, residual nitrite, phenol deposition, TBA value and product yield of Canadian bacon was determined. High humidity resulted in high pigment conversion and lower pH. As the humidity was lowered, more residual nitrite remained, The highest humidity had the highest phenol deposition and TBA value. The lowest humidity had the highest yield.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 1992

A study on acidity in precipitation was carried out during May 1990 - April 1991 at two sites in Chongwon, Choongbook. We observed variations of pH from 4.0 to 7.0. Annual mean value of pH was 5.21 in the area. In particular, strong acidity of rain fall, pH 4.0 were observed during winter to early spring. Neutral values were observed during June to July and were due to wet deposition of atmospheric pollutants by stationary fronts in the rainy season. Interestingly, acidity of snow observed in winter was neutral and it was weaker than the acidity of rain in winter by a value of 2.0. Discussion is made on meteorological and chemical analyses and seasonal variations of acidity of precipitation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.551-558
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• 2007

From the view point of biological wastewater treatment, C/N ratio is one of the most important factor in biological nutrient removal process. However, municipal sewage in Korea is characterized by extremely low content of carbon source and relatively higher portion of N source. Accordingly, it is necessary to dose external carbon source in order to obtain higher degree of carbon source within the process. In this study, the effects of pH pretreatment as an alternative plan for increasing carbon source on the cell disruption and COD solubility of waste activated sludge were conducted under well defined experimental conditions. During 5 hours, the value of COD solubilization rate ($S_R$) at pH 11.5 is approximately 4.4 times higher than the value of $S_R$ at pH 9.5. It is expected that the level of SCOD increased due to the result from cell disruption. However, VSS/TSS ratio was not significantly changed after 5 hours. As Alkalinity changes gradually from less than 15, 30 and 60 meq NaOH/L, average RBCOD/SCOD fraction showed 34, 36 and 45%,respectively.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2008

Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon(${\mu}c$-Si:H) films were prepared using inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition(ICP-CVD) method, electrical and optical properties of these films were studied as a function of silane concentration. And then, effect of $PH_3\;and\;B_2H_6$ addition on their electrical properties was also investigated for solar cell application. Characterization of these films from X-ray diffraction revealed that the conductive film exists in microcrystalline phase embedded in an amorphous network. At $PH_3/SiH_4$ gas ratio of $0.9{\times}10^{-3}$, dark conductivity has a maximum value of ${\sim}18.5S/cm$ and optical bandgap also a maximum value of ${\sim}2.39eV$. Boron-doped ${\mu}c$-Si:H films, satisfied with p-layer of solar cell, could be obtained at ${\sim}10^{-2}\;of\;B_2H_6/SiH_4$.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.73-79
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• 1997

This research was intended as an investigation of applying Reduced Pressure Evaporation as efficient treatment method for landfill leachate. According to the variance of time, temperature, pressure and pH in experiments, the properties of leachate treatment are follows. The removal efficiencies of COD, NH$_{3}$-N, TOC, Conductivity and SS on the basis of reaction time was 96.4%-97.5%, -1.4%-53.7%, 81.7%-89.0%, 92.0%-95.3% and 99.86%-99.97%, respectively. When the pH of Influent was 7.5, the pH of effluent was increased to 10-11 with time elapse. It is concluded that the orgin of pH increase may be ammonia. When the properties of concentrate were investigated at the concentration ratio 90%(V/V), concentration difficiency represented in the ratio of experimental value/calculated value had following orders ; COD>TOC>NH$_{3}$-N>Conductivity>SS. Concentrate had good precipitation because of additive thermal treatment in the process. When evaporation experiments with pH adjustment of 4.0, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0 and 10.0 were performed ; Acidic evaporation experiments(pH 4.0, 6.0) showed low removal efficiency(81.6, 87.6%) of COD and high removal efficiency (97.5%. 84.6%) of NH$_{3}$-N at initial evaporation. Basic evaporation(pH 9.0, 10.0) showed high removal efficiency (97.2%, 98.9%) of COD and very low removal efficiency (-7.4%, -27.2%) of NH$_{3}$-N at initial evaporation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2011

Recently, renewable energy sources such as wind turbine, solar cell are interested in preventing global warming which is caused by the consumption of fossil fuel. SCM440(H) and SNCM439 have been used in the major components of the wind turbine gear because of excellent mechanical properties. In the present study, the heat treated mechanical properties of SCM440(H) and SNCM439 with 150 mm diameter were compared with those with 25 mm diameter which is generally accepted material for structural application. Heat treated SCM440(H) showed better mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness and impact absorbed energy compared with those in SNCM439. Hardenss value between as-quenched and as-quenched followed by tempering showed big difference in SNCM439, however the difference in SCM440(H) was relatively small. Heat treated mechanical properties of the alloys with 25 mm diameter were more uniform value than those with 150 mm diameter.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.252-265
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• 2012

This study was intended to develop a value-added and functional sauce with addition of Chungkukjang powder. This study was conducted as the following procedure. 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of Chungkukjang powder was respectively added to make different Bechamel sauces. And then, physical testing (moisture, color value, viscosity, salinity, spreadability and pH) and sensory testing (a quantitative descriptive analysis and an acceptance test) were performed. After that, the correlation between the physical testing and the sensory testing was investigated to choose an optimal mixture ratio. The study results are presented as follows. As the addition percentage of Chungkukjang powder increased, a-value, b-value, salinity, spreadability, and pH significantly increased (p<0.001), but moisture content, L-value and viscosity decreased. The QDA result indicated that, regarding color intensity(5.89), Chungkukjang flavor(5.32) and Chungkukjang taste(6.26), the 40% addition group had the highest value, and that, regarding thickness(6.42), milk flavor(5.00), oily taste(5.21), mouth feel(5.32), the control group had the highest value. As a result, as the addition percentage of Chungkukjang powder increased, color intensity, Chungkukjang flavor, and Chungkukjang taste increased, but thickness, milk flavor, oily taste, and mouth feel decreased. According to the result of acceptance test, the 20% addition group had the highest value in terms of appearance, flavor, taste, glossy and overall acceptance. As shown earlier, it is considered that proper addition of Chungkukjang powder positively affects the overall acceptance, and that the 20% addition of Chungkukjang powder is most suitable to improve the sensory and physical quality-characteristics of Bechamel sauce.