• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.177-187
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• 2021

The purpose of the research to evaluate the efficiency and productivity growth rate of some Vietnamese commercial banks in the period 2008-2020. Using input and output selection theory, the author selected 2 models, estimating the efficiency for model 1 and estimating the yield change for both the models. We have built a model to estimate the efficiency and calculate as well as decompose the productivity growth of Vietnamese commercial banks during the period of active mergers and acquisitions activities in the banking system. Based on the results of the efficiency estimation, TFP shows during mergers and acquisitions, efficiency fluctuates but in an inverted U-shape (increasing from 2008-2011 but decreasing from 2013 to 2020). The estimated results of the impact assessment model show that FDI reduces the efficiency of banks. Productivity analysis shows that 6 out of 23 banks in the study period had positive TFP growth (tfpch > 1) due to technical progress and management efficiency. The findings of this study suggest that Vietnam's commercial banking system has many opportunities to improve operational efficiency in many aspects. In which, there are opportunities to increase credit, improve governance as well as improve the technology level of each bank. In addition, along with traditional products such as deposits and loans, diversification with a wide range of products and services is an important factor to enhance customer experience and demand in commercial banks.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2020

Eisenia bicyclis, a perennial macroalga is a primary producer of in the ocean, It has been identified as a key species that plays a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem stability. Also, it is an important target in marine afforestation projects and useful marine organisms. In addition, E. bicyclis is used as a health food for humans. This study investigated the effect of water temperature, light (photon irradiance), and duration of light (photoperiod) on the growth of gametophytes and young sporophytes of E. bicyclis. The germination and growth of the zoospores of E. bicyclis were examined at five temperatures (5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃ and 25℃), four intensities of photon irradiance (10, 20, 40, and 80 μmol m-2s-1), and photoperiods (14:10 and 10:14 light/dark cycles). The zoospores released from mature plant germinated into the gametophytes under all experimental conditions. The gametophytes were able to grow at water temperature 5℃-25℃ and mature at 10℃-20℃. The optimal range of water temperature for the maturation of the gametophyte was 15℃-20℃. At 25℃, E. bicyclis gametophytes grew rapidly but did not mature. The optimal culture conditions for the growth of young sporophytes grew slowly in low temperature and photon irradiances.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.9-18
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• 2022

Purpose: The government around the world is still highlighting the effect of the new variant of Covid-19. The government continues to make efforts to restore the economy through several programs, one of them is National Economic Recovery. This program is expected to increase public and investor confidence in handling Covid-19. This study aims to capture public sentiment on the economic growth rate in Indonesia, especially during the third wave of the omicron variant of the covid-19 virus, that is at the time in the fourth quarter of 2021. Research design, data, and methodology: The approach used in this research is to collect crowdsourcing data from twitter, in the range of 1st to 10th October 2021. The analysis is done by building model using Deep Learning Neural Network method. Results: The result of the sentiment analysis is that most of the tweets have a neutral sentiment on the Economic Growth discussion. Several central figures who discussed were Minister of Coordinating for the Economy of Indonesia, Minister of State-Owned Enterprises. Conclusions: Data from social media can be used by the government to capture public responses, especially public sentiment regarding economic growth. This can be used by policy makers, for example entrepreneurs to anticipate economic movements under certain conditions.

• ALGAE
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.285-298
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• 2021

The amount of CO₂ absorbed by the oceans continues to rise, resulting in further acidification, altering some functional traits of phytoplankton. To understand the effect of elevated partial pressures of CO₂ (pCO₂) on functional traits of dinoflagellates Alexandrium affine and A. pacificum, the cardinal temperatures and chain formation extent were examined under two pCO₂ (400 and 1,000 µatm) over the range of temperature expected to be associated with growth. The growth rate and chain formation extent of A. affine increased with higher pCO₂, showing significant changes in cardinal temperatures and a substantial increase in middle chain-length (4-8 cells) fractionation under elevated pCO₂ condition. By contrast, there were no significant differences in specific growth rate and any chain-length fractionation of A. pacificum between ambient and elevated pCO₂ conditions. The observed interspecies variation in the functional traits may reflect differences in ability of species to respond to environmental change with plasticity. Moreover, it allows us to understand the shifting biogeography of marine phytoplankton and predict their phenology in the Korea Strait.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.372-379
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• 2024

The small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis is an important ecological and commercial species in the waters of Korea. Based on samples purchased monthly from a market from 2019 to 2021, except during the closed season, we analyzed the age and growth of the small yellow croaker using 894 otoliths. The total lengths of the small yellow croaker ranged from 12.0 to 38.9 cm, which is a sufficient length range for analyzing age structure and growth parameters. The translucent zone, formed during the spawning season in June, was counted as the annual mark. The estimated ages were 0-10 years, and the 38.9 cm individuals were 7 years old, while the 34.2 cm individuals were 10 years old. The highest proportion in this study (86.8%) was 0-3 years. The von Bertalanffy growth model was obtained as L_t=41.2(1-exp-^0.20(t+1.50)).

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 1998

Substrate inhibition of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) degradation was investigated using activated sludge which had been adapted to mineralize DNP. DNP is a metabolic uncoupler, preventing cells from making energy for growth and it has been suggested that pH may be important in mitigating effects of uncouplers. After acclimation of the activated sludge, the effect of pH on toxicity of DNP at high concentration (75 mg/L) was investigated, over a pH range of 5 to 9. DNP inhibition was found to be strongly dependent on mixed liquor pH. The DNP degradation rate was highest in the pH range of 6.95 to 7.84; at pH 5.94 degradation of 75 mg/L DNP was significantly inhibited; at pH < 5.77, DNP degradation was completely inhibited after approximately 30% of the DNP was degraded. By comparison, no significant effect of pH variation in the same range was seen on glucose uptake by the activated sludge culture.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.561-567
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• 2002

This study was investigated to evaluate the effect of the sodium ion and pH on toxicity of dinitrophenol at high concentrations (0.41 to 0.54 mM), over a sodium concentration range of 0.1 mM to 107 mM and over a pH range of 5 to 9. The concentration of sodium ions in the activated sludge mixed liquor seemed to have very little effect on dinitrophenol toxicity. However, lack of sodium in the growth media resulted in a reduction of the dinitrophenol degradation rate by bacterial isolate from the activated sludge culture, which has been identified as Nocardia asteroides. Dinitrophenol inhibition was found to be strongly dependent on mixed liquor pH. The dinitrophenol degradation rate was highest in the pH range of 6.95 to 7.84; at pH 5.94 degradation of 75 mg/L dinitrophenol was significantly inhibited; at pH < 5.77, dinitrophenol degradation was completely inhibited after approximately 30% of the dinitrophenol was degraded.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.194-197
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• 1996

The high-strength aluminum alloy 7075-T651 was used to observe the fatigue-crack-propagation behavior for the various stress ratios with constant amplitude loading and thus to predict the fatigue life. With a chevron notch in the specimen the fatigue-crack-propagation behavior of through crack was investigated. Crack propagation behavior of through crack in the depth direction and crack growth of weldments were experimentally studied. Base material heat affected zone and weld material were considered in the fracture of weldments. The change of crack-propagation length with respect to several parameters such as stress intensity factor range(ΔK) effective stress intensity factor range(ΔKeff)ration of effective stress intensity factor range(U) stress intensity factor of crack opening point(K op) maximum stress intensity factor(K max) and number of cycles(Nf)was determined. The crack length of through crack of weldments was 2.4mm and the remaining part was a base material. The experiment was accomplished by making the crack propagate near the base material.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.289-294
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• 2002

ZnTe films have been grown on (100) GaAs substrate with two representative problems. The one is lattice mismatch, the other is thermal expansion coefficients mismatch of ZnTe /GaAs. It claims here, the relationship of film thickness and defects distribution with (100) ZnTe/GaAs using hot wall epitaxy (HWE) growth was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It analyzed on the two-sort side using TEM with cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Investigation into the nature and behavior of dislocations with dependence-thickness in (100) ZnTe/ (100) GaAs hetero-structures grown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This defects range from interface to 0.7 $\mu\textrm{m}$ was high density, due to the large lattice mismatch and thermal expansion coefficients. The defects of low density was range 0.7$\mu\textrm{m}$~1.8$\mu\textrm{m}$. In the thicker range than 1.8$\mu\textrm{m}$ was measured hardly defects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.05a
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• pp.771-776
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• 1995

Tensile and J-R tests were carried out to estimate the effects of dynamic strain aging(DSA) on SA106Gr.C piping steel. Tensile tests were performed under temperature range RT to $400^{\circ}C$ md strain rates from $1.39{\times}10^{-4}\;to\;6.95{\times}10^{-2}/s$. Fracture toughness was tested in the temperature range RT to $350^{\circ}C$ and load-line displacement rates 0.4 and 4mm/min. The effects of DSA on the tensile properties were clearly observed for phenomena such serrated flow, variation of ultimate and yield stress, and negative stram rate sensitivity. However, the magnitude of serration and strength increase by DSA was relatively small. this may be due to high ratio of Mn to C. In addition, crack initiation resistance, Ji and crack growth resistance, dJ/da were reduced in the range of $200-300^{\circ}C$, where DSA appeared as serrated flow and UTS hardening. The temperature corresponding to minimum fracture resistance was shifted to higher temperature with increasing loading rate.