• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors related to developmental care performance among neonatal intensive care units (NICU) nurses. Methods: The participants were 139 nurses who had provided care to premature infants for more than 6 months and were recruited from the NICU of 8 hospitals. Data were collected from September 1 to December 1, 2017 through questionnaires that encompassed developmental care performance, developmental care perceptions, and the nursing work environment. Results: More than half (51.8%) of the participants responded that they had never received developmental care education, and for 89.6% of those who had received developmental care education, it was a one-time event. The average developmental care performance of NICU nurses was 0.81, with a range of 0.5~1 point. Multiple regression analysis, demonstrated that the nursing work environment (β=.27, p=.001) and developmental care perceptions (β=.23, p=.004) influenced developmental care performance, with a total explanatory power of 14%. Conclusion: Based on these results, developmental care education for the NICU nurses must be provided systematically. In addition, strategies to improve nurses' perceptions of developmental care and to provide appropriate support for the nursing work environment can promote developmental care performance.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2016

Purpose: Smoking during pregnancy contributes to the risk of negative health outcomes in mothers and babies. The purposes of this study were to review the harmful effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on fetal and child development, to discuss if maternal smoking should be criminalized as a form of child abuse, and to explore advocating for fetal rights. Methods: A variety of published literature and legal documents including the Korean constitution, criminal laws, and children's welfare laws were reviewed and critically analyzed. Results: Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to experience abortion related to placental dysfunction. Their unborn risk premature birth, fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, neurobehavioral disturbances, and/or other complications and newborn babies are also at risk for complications. The advocates for fetal rights can assert that maternal smoking should be regarded as a crime. Conclusion: Findings show that maternal smoking during pregnancy is a major risk factor for many adverse pregnancy outcomes. Effective strategies and health policies for smoking cessation during pregnancy are required to protect pregnant women and their babies.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2003

포상 연부 육종(Alveolar soft part sarcoma)은 성인에서 하지 대퇴부, 소아에서 두경부에 주로 발생한 것으로 알려져 있고, 비교적 천천히 성장함에도 불구하고 전이된 후에 발견된 경우가 많아 예후는 좋지 않은 매우 드문 종양이다. 조직학적으로 가포상(pseudoalveolar pattern)의 종양 세포들이 특징적으로 관찰되며 폐, 뇌, 골격 순으로 전이된다. 저자들은 비교적 드문 부위인 골반골에서 발생해 뇌에 전이된 1예와 하퇴부에 원발성으로 발생한 1예에 대한 치료를 경험하였기에 그 희귀성에 비추어 문헌과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.819-828
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• 2010

Activator is a removable functional appliance used for correcting the skeletal Class II malocclusion in children with the mandibular deficiency. Berlin standard activator modified from Andresen activator has following characters; do not cover the palatal surface for tongue space, relief on lingual surface of mandibular incisors and resin capping 1/3-1/2 of crown height on mandibular incisors for preventing labioversion of mandibular incisors, L-hook between maxillary lateral incisor and canine for anterior high pull headgear, relief on mandibular posterior bite block for differential eruption of posterior teeth. Two cases presented here had a mandibular deficiency and slight maxillary protrusion. First case (an 11-year-old girl) treated with Berlin standard activator and anterior high pull headgear for 13 months followed by fixed orthodontic appliance for another 29 months. Second case (a 12-year-old boy) treated with Berlin standard activator for 6 months followed by fixed appliance for another 24 months. Treatment results showed a significant improvement in sagittal skeletal and occlusal relationship without premolar extraction. Mandibular condyles were concentric in TMJ [ossa, and masticatory muscle activities were normalized after treatment. In the retention period facial harmony and occlusal stability was maintained.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.179-202
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the health promotion program for rural elderly through PRECEDE process. Method: The health promotion program was developed based on the preliminary diagnosis. The data collection was performed from March 10th to April 9th, 2003. The subjects were selected at Mari Myun, Geochang Gun, in Korea. The preliminary diagnosis was examined with the 115 elders. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and Cronbach's n test with SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: The health promotion program was developed based on diagnostic result using PRECEDE model. The developed program was corrected and revised with the advices from 6 experts. The final program included health responsibility(cancer prevention and early detection, hygienic, false teeth management no smoking and moderation in drink, and chronic disease prevention and management), physical activity(6 kinds of exercise), nutrition(low sodium diet calcium intake, and right eating habit), spiritual growth(spiritual demand and death preparation teaching), interpersonal relations(relationship with couple, children, grandchildren, neighborhood), and stress management(sports dance, foot massage, positive thought, and song class). Conclusion: I propose that it is necessary to identity the effect of health promotion program for rural elderly. And strategy development that can spread the health promotion program elderly is needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1191-1203
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• 1990

Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries [abbreviated as PA+VSD+MAPCA in the following] has limited the success of attempts at accurate diagnosis and complete surgical repair. From April 1986 to September 1990, 23 patients with PA+VSD+MAPCA among 96 patients of PA+VSD in Seoul National University Children’s Hospital were encountered. The group comprised 14 male and 9 female patients with ages ranging from 17 days to 177 months [mean 49.6 months]. We operated one stage total repair on good pulmonary artery sized two patients by R.E.V. [Reparation a l’etage ventriculaire] and Rastelli operation respectively. And the 11 patients who had independent MAPCAs and hypoplastic central pulmonary artery were dealt with unifocalization and modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt and followed by second stage repair in 3 patients later. We successfully had managed 7 patients whose MAPCAs could be ligated with modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt and followed by second stage repair in 3 patients with R.E.V or Rastelli operation. Recently, three obstruction after 11 unifocalization procedures made us to try palliative right ventricle-pulmonary artery conduit operation by Gore-Tex vascular graft interposition under cardiopulmonary bypass. And so we managed another 3 patients with these procedures for the purpose of pulmonary artery growth whose central pulmonary artery were severely hypoplastic. We experienced one death after second stage repair whose central pulmonary artery was created by 12mm Gore-Tex vascular graft and was unifocalized.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2012

Environmental noise in the residential area is appeared with different types and features along with the growth of society. In particular when the economic level is raised up, the demand of residents for the environmental noise becomes more sensitive. The existing research on the environmental noise was initiated in the 1980's and resulted that the children's jumping sound was most annoying among the noises transmitted from the other unit. This result caused such activities that the researches were focused on the floor impact noise and that the laws in relation to environmental noise within residential area were revised strictly. This study aimed to survey the consciousness of residents for the environmental noise and to see how it is changed comparing with the previous one. Ultimately this result could be useful to establish the target for research or noise control to make the comfortable residential environment.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2001

목 적 : 소아기 요로 감염은 신손상을 유발하여 신반흔, 고혈압, 단백뇨, 말기신부전증등을 일으키며 특히 방광 요관 역류는 신반흔과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 방광 요관 역류가 있으면서 신반흔을 형성한 환아군과 형성하지 않은 환아군의 연령, 성별, 역류 등급, ACE 유전자 다형성, 그리고 신체적 성장의 소견을 비교 분석하여 신반흔에 관련된 인자들을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 대상 및 방법 : 1992년 7월부터 2000년 6월까지 요로 감염으로 전북대병원 소아과에 내원한 환아 545명중에 방광 요관 역류로 진단된 15세 미만의 환아 93명을 대상으로 후향적으로 조사하였다. 환아들은 신반흔의 유무에 따라 두 군으로 분류하여 진단시 연령과 성별, 키, 체중등을 조사하였고 방광 요관 역류와 그 정도는 배뇨중 방광 요도 조영술을 시행하였으며 신반흔은 99mTc-DMSA 신스캔으로 추적 검사를 시행하여 확진하였다. ACE 유전형은 말초 혈액의 genomic DNA에서 PCR법으로 결정하였고, 신장과 체중은 HSDS와 WHI로 나타내어 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 신반흔이 있는 환아 54명 중에 방광 요관 역류 환아는 47명(87$\%$)으로 방광 요관 역류가 신반흔의 중요한 인자이었다. 신반흔 형성군과 무형성군 사이의 남녀별 차이는 없었으며 신반흔 형성군의 진단시 평균 연령은 2.48${\pm}$2.65세로 무형성군의 1.26${\pm}$1.83세에 비해 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 방광 요관 역류의 정도는 역류 등급이 높을수록 신반흔이 생기는 비율이 높았다(P<0.05). 1세 미만의 역류가 있는 환아들은 비교적 신반흔을 잘 형성하였고 모든 연령분포에서 역류의 정도가 심할수록 신반흔이 잘 발생하였다(P<0.05) 전체 요로감염이 있었던 환아의 17.5$\%$에서 방광 요관 역류가 있었고, 이 때 동반된 요로 감염의 대부분의 원인균은 E. coli였으며(75.3$\%$, E. coli가 차지하는 비율은 양 군($76.6\%/73.9\%$)사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). ACE 유전자 다형성에 따른 신반흔 형성과의 관계를 보기 위해 양 군사이를 비교하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 신반흔의 정도와 신체적 성장과의 관계를 보기 위해 진단시의 키와 체중을 매개변수인 HSDS와 WHI로 환산하여 양 군사이를 비교하였을 때 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 결 론 : 본 연구에서 신반흔에 관련된 인자로서는 진단시의 연령, 방광 요관 역류의 유무, 또한 역류의 정도와 관계가 있고 성별, 원인균, ACE유전자형과는 무관하였으며, 앞으로 세균의 독성요소로 작용하는 E. coli의 특성에 대한 자세한 연구와 신반흔의 정도에 따른 신체적 성장의 추적 관찰에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.391-394
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• 2015

임상에서는 GP-BP (Greulich-Pyle and Bayley-Pinneau) 법과 TW3 (Tanner-Whitehouse 3) 법을 사용하여 골연령을 평가하고 있다. Hand AP 영상에서 골성숙도 평가는 전문의의 임상적 경험에 의해 이루어지며 이는 정성적 평가로 모든 전문의마다 동일하게 적용되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 실정 속에서 TW3 방법이 아닌 새로운 방법을 고안 및 평가하기 위해 2014년 3월부터 2015년 3월까지 양산P병원에서 성장판 검사를 시행한 소아 70명(남 35명, 여 35명)을 대상으로 TW3에서 골성숙 가중치가 가장 높은 7부위를 선정하여 성장판과 골말단 부위의 길이를 측정하여 골연령별 길이의 차이를 측정하였으며 통계적 유의성을 평가하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 각 골연령 마다 특정범위에 상응하는 평균과 표준편차 값이 나타났으며, 골연령이 증가할수록 성장판과 뼈 말단부 길이가 규칙성 있게 감소하였다. 여아의 경우 남아에 비해 골성장이 빠르므로, 남아보다 길이 평균값이 전체적으로 작은 값을 가졌다. 이는 12~14세 초경이 나타남에 따라 초경 전후 길이 감소 변화가 크게 나타났기 때문이다. 그 결과 값으로 회귀분석을 하였으며 도출된 값을 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.14-31
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• 1988

The national family planning program in Korea, which was instituted as an integral part of the nation's economic development plans since 1962, has contributed greatly to a reduction in the fertility and population growth rate. The total fertility rate dipped from 6.0 births per women in 1960 to 2.0 in 1985, and the population growth rate rom 2.84 percent per year to 1.25 percent during the same period, while the contraceptive practice rate for the 15-44 married women increased from 9 percent in 1965 to 70 percent in 1985. Study findings indicate that the fertility reduction in the past 26 years is largely attributed to the virgorous implementation of the national family planning program, rising age at marriage, wide-spread use of induced abortion, and the changes in attitude regarding the value of children that came into being in the wake of the rapid socio-economic development over the period. Among the strengths of the national family planning program are the following : 1) a pluralistic system of program manageent with active participation of various government and voluntary organizations, 2) utilization of a large corps of family planning field workers to conduct face-to-face communication and motivation activities, 3) use of private physicians with government support to provide contraceptive services, 4) a systematic program management system including program planning of traget allocation, evaluation, and supervision with a broad MIS and award system, 5) numerous incentive and disincentive schemes for stimulating the small family norm and contraceptive use, and 6) strong commitments to the family planning program by political leaders. The new demographic targets during the Sixth Five-Year Economic and Social Development plan period(1987-91) have been set for a further reduction in the population growth rate to 1.0 percent by 1993, assuming that the TFR will decline to 1.75 level in 1995. This target is, however, not easy to achieve due to anticipated unfavorable factors like the strong boy preference, high discontinuation rates of reversible contraceptive methods, fertility termination-oriented contraceptive use, a plateau level of contraceptive practice rate that has mostly accounted for a sterilization, shortened length of birth intervals, and the changing patterns of contraceptive mix. The recent changes in contraceptive and fertility behaviors clearly indicate that the past quantity-oriented management system of the national program should be redirected toward a quality-oriented approach. Particularly, program efforts should be expanded to recruit new contraceptive users in the 20s of younger age groups, both for birth spacing and controlling their fertility since the women aged 20 to 29 account for more than 80 percent of the total annual births in recent years. In addition, the current contraceptive fee system of the national family planning program should be gradually shifted from free contraceptive services to a acceptor's charge system, and the provision of contraceptive services through the medical insurance system, which will cover the entire population by 1989, should be accelerated as a means of integration of family planning program with other health programs.